6.

5 CHANGING TEAM ROLES

6.5.1 Most forms of computer assistance in ATC are to support the tasks of individual controllers although traditionally many
functions have been performed by teams or by individuals working within teams. The purpose of introducing computer assistance
is to help each single controller and to improve the efficiency and safety of ATC. Any associated changes in team roles are
considered incidental consequences instead of stated objectives.

6.5.2 Most of the changes in team functions are a consequence either of the reduced observability of controller actions and
effectiveness or of the failure to devise forms of computer assistance that can be applied collaboratively by teams to ATC. Many
of the traditional roles of teams become more difficult for controllers to fulfil as team members if the available forms of computer
assistance only help their individual tasks. Examples include discerning the controlling style of colleagues, the allocation of
responsibilities among team members, and the identification of training needs.

Chapter 6. Preparing for change 6-3

Table 6-1. Human Factors plan content and format

Headings Content
 Brief description of the programme
Programme
 Concept of operation and maintenance
Summary

Programme
• Overview of system acquisition schedule
Schedule
 Identify the user and maintainer
 Demographics
 Biographical data
 Previous training
 Aptitudes
 Task-related experience
Target Audience
 Anthropometric data
 Physical qualifications
 Organizational relationships
 Workspace requirements
Background
(Appendix if data are lengthy)
Guidance • Summarize any guidance received
 State if additional staffing is required by the new system
 State whether an existing job series will be used or a new one

created

 Post limits on the amount of time that can be afforded for

Constraints

training

 Establish standards on the working conditions that will be

acceptable when the new system is fielded

Issues and • Describe the issue or problem background, importance and consequences or task to be
Issue Description
Enhancements done to support the acquisition
Objectives  Identify Human Factors Programme objectives
 Provide performance measures and criteria in terms of time and
 accuracy to perform tasks to evaluate resolution of issue

 When human performance thresholds are known, identify tasks

for the developer to be done early enough in the acquisition

process to influence requirements and system engineering

 Identify the actions to be taken to resolve each issue

 Show the current status of each issue

 Identify actions to be taken to resolve issues

Actions  Show current status of each action

Activity
Activities • Identify any tasks, studies or analyses that must be performed to resolve the issues
Description
 By acquisition phase, describe the Human Factors tasks in terms of who,
what, when and how (resources)
Activity Schedule  Identify feeds to and dependencies on logistics support, training and test and
evaluation programs