OPOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE Learning Activity Package

Education Department

LAP Code: No. of Hours: 3 hours/meeting

LAP Subject Title: Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades

LAP- 9
CHEMISTRY (MATTER)

A. Topic Outline

Unit Content Standard Learning Objectives Activities Assignment

Module 2: The student -Described changes in solid Picture Analysis
Lesson 2: understands the materials when bent, pressed, Situational
Changes that changes that hammered, or cut. Analysis
Materials materials undergo -Described changes in properties Complete the
Undergo: Useful of materials when exposed to table in the given
and Harmful certain conditions such as scenarios
(Grade 4) temperature or when mixed Application
with other materials; and questions
- Identified changes in materials
whether useful or harmful to
one’s environment.

B. Introduction

You learned that matter could exist in 3 states, solid, liquid and gas. You also have learned that
heat affects some materials changing their states. Water is a typical example of material that can exist as
solid (ice), liquid (water that we drink) and gas (water vapor).
Do you enjoy eating buko ice candy? Why should you place overnight the buko mixed with milk
inside the refrigerator?
C. Abstraction
Materials changed when exposed to certain conditions. You have observed and learned
that leftover food or rej4ected parts of vegetables will decay due to action of bacteria. The
vegetables were exposed to the action of bacteria which are found in your kitchen table. If there
were no bacteria, the vegetables will just dry up because of arm temperature. “Only change is
permanent on earth” as we always would hear from our elders. This lesson will introduce you to
changes that materials undergo when exposed to certain conditions that are useful or harmful
to us.
Materials can be bent, pressed, hammered, and cut. Bending, pressing, hammering, and
cutting do not change the state of matter. Only the form, size and shape can be altered.

Furniture is one source of income for people. Wood, bamboo, rattan, wire, and many
more could be used as raw materials. Take bamboo chair making. The long pole is cut into
desired dimension by a carpenter. The bamboo pieces are cleaned and arranged to make a
chair. Nails are hammered in several places to make the chair sturdy. Varnish or shellac is
applied in the surface to make the chair attractive. The bamboo chair is made of same bamboo
that was cut as a pole with additional nail and varnish.
 OPOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE Learning Activity Package
Education Department

Materials change when exposed to different temperatures. Our daily life is made easy
because of the changes that matter undergoes. For example, some of you prefer to eat radish
prepared with vinegar, sliced onions, and ripe tomatoes. The taste of the dish is enhanced when
you mix all the ingredients. Fried fish for breakfast has a different taste. Similarly, boiled egg has
a different appearance, texture, and taste from scrambled eggs. These changes are useful to our
environment and to us. Other useful products fertilizer, vitamins, food-milk products, cleansing
agents, lotion, shampoo, medicines and many more. Remember that raw materials are plenty in
our environment that could be turned into useful products that make our life easy and
comfortable.
Water when it undergoes change from one state to another is useful to life on earth. We
use water for drinking, washing clothes, and for many household, industrial or agricultural uses.
Aquatic forms of life also need water as their habitat. However, when monsoon rains come in
June to December many provinces in Luzon remain flooded. This is a negative effect of heavy
rainfall.
Materials can also change resulting in the formation of one or more new materials or
different substance. If physical change involves only a change in state, size, shape or form, a
chemical change involves a change in the composition of matter. Most chemical changes are not
reversible, except through another chemical reaction. For example, the case of mixing baking
soda and vinegar caused the balloon to blow up. The reaction between the two materials
resulted in the formation of water and gas as indicated by the bubbles. The gas formed is carbon
dioxide which could not escape but into the balloon causing it to be inflated.
There are also changes of matter that are harmful. Rusting of iron, leaching from
decomposing matter and domestic wastes thrown into bodies of water releasing odor are
harmful. Fossil fuels converted to petroleum products, kerosene, diesel oil and gasoline enable
us to travel fast. However, such conversion of fuel to energy produces smoke or exhaust from
motor that are detrimental to our health.
It is important to be careful in mixing substances like those that may cause explosion or
fire. We need to be aware too and cautiously read product labels. We need to take note of
precautionary measures in handling products. Technology and industry have made new
products that are useful and harmful or both.

C. Analysis (5 points)
1. A farmer says that he makes charcoal for daily needs. What changes have occurred from the
source of charcoal until it reached a kitchen? Describe the changes that are useful and harmful
in the process of charcoal making. Make a poster of the steps involved for display in class.
2. Water undergoes evaporation, condensation and freezing. How important are the processes
in life on earth?
E. Reinforcement (10 points)
A material may be both useful and harmful. Study the given scenario. Classify whether
the changes are harmful or useful to the environment. Describe what the product of change is
useful or harmful or both.

Fill in the table below and share your work during class discussion.
Scenario Useful changes of materials to you Harmful changes of materials to
and the environment you and the environment
Burning of tire
 OPOL COMMUNITY COLLEGE Learning Activity Package
Education Department

Cutting of trees
Furniture making
Cutting fabric &finished
shirt/dress
Ice cream making
Ripening of tomato
Rain drops
Welding iron
Making a cellphone
unit
Bags from juice tetra
packs

E. Application: (5 points)
Give short answers to the following: 2-3 sentences only for 5 points
1. why do we boil drinking water when the source is a shallow well?
2. why are the changes in the state of water considered physical changes?