Aatioduction to. Crtel. Systeme Atomatie Conte! has playedd a uita/ role tn the advance of Eng. and Science) —auttima hi Con ta! hers. become atm important and_infegia) part of meckrn manufacturing emd- industrial processey. uch aa, “Space vehicle Systems”, ws scile ~ quidmace Systema, robotic Systems, Pumericul Control © € machine tools in the mamafactucing industeied yf the design of autopilet systens in the erospace industies design Ch Cars amd trucks in Me automohile industries, Axsake essential tn such Mndustnial eperations > Gontmlling. pressuce, temperature, humidity, , NisCo sty and Clo in the process tndustrien, ims ving reduchinty, enous Soom many voubiine regetitie manual operating ,cmd more Definitions: — Controlled Varia ble: Woe Cenrraed varia bie i's the Quantity or Condition thet is measured ind Gotelieel-” ould” — plonte 4 plant may bea piece 6 erupment. pechaps just c set of) machine parts hunctioning tagelher. = Preess: a natural, progmssively Continuing operation te produce oy oxkert Such as Chemical, economic, and biologic} presser. —~ Systema: A system “a & Combination ff Components that act together and Pex Porn a Certain objective — Feedback Crtel. Ferd back Conte) rehocs to an operation thet tends to wecluce the citlevence between the oxtpt tea System and there ference voput- (2Se ilaiciealaly binges —Openloop Contre! Systema: Ynose Systems in rahich. he ont eck hay ne effect om the Contre) actiour are Caled open-loop Contre) ~ \n other wards , in an open-loop Conte! System Hae output is neither measured nor Red back fox Compariton Lolth he fagat, One Qractical enamere is the Washing Machine. We machine does wot measure the outgut signal, that is, The Cleanliness 26 the clothes. \npat . «ee terence Input" < T sek pik” Figs Ogen-loog Gonteel Syston eutget — Closed. loop Cosshre) Systenaa Feedbacn Gute) systems ake often veheweel ta a1 Clesed.loop Astro) Systems. In ar closed. lop Contre] System the aictuatin ewer Signal, is Fed te the Conteller so cs te reduce the evror arnd loving the output af the system te 0 desived salue. We “tom Closed. eae Contre! alwicts ingen the me f Feed bac control action in ox dey to reduce the System enor. Cowmgarater ,, T exiay Ser Aw “aio ¥ aingud -0) sa oe A weherence inp + sept {jibe Fig. Closed — loo p_Garhe! Sistema|___ Companion beten pen leap anel-Chseel aap Cate) spttm —Adventages of Gyen bop = Doocenogy of che yp 1 Single Grsbuctin ease maiteance =>. Goptn Cooucton hel naterance 2. Lest Expensive Move expensive 8. Mt ss ne sabi Beblem xy SSobhay vs major Problom 4 Covsenied Wher output is hard => Oomericnked Qoceduse to teasuce fo_mearuye —_omtacK IPs uomeasurabie Dradvaniage f operloep —— Advantages +f clad bop 1 Bistorbasceo, macy Orange ouloat > Can. deal Loith dddasleances to be diblereat Grom derivcel cb mane the derived oukprt awaiilable 2. Re caNtirsiation Fon tine to time => Audonatically calibration 5 is teedeal nade to Kee g Ont put ov desived. oePeniin ZL Some Pein Zs lace Transform 5“ thal ake webs! in Grtel System Areorien The Laptace transform method > an operational method that Gin be waco for Solving Ahear differential equations “Saat reprenends dynamic. Systema. By the woe of daglace Wams firme, ome-Grn Comer ny Commer Pinctions sate algebsic hinchiona +f; a Complex variable Main ether aduantages 6, voi Hess: - Allowing the woe 6 graphs Xl Techniques Box. eae Syste Per formance caithanct selsing the Linear ine \rvertant Syston (TVS €Q wertion _ When felving tre LTT S10 fy cur Gnerin the Course”, both Hae tramsigA and tre Seady-shate Qmgonent af the Schufion Can lee olteineat Shautran owl « Kaplace hanno of ie Elementary Panctions tact ft) Fu) Ait mpulte Sit) 1 Mit Step 1) = Mit Ramp t s + sat é epee te"Ei Given the LT2V_ siso J differential *:. 24+ 344i R Characteristics: Linear Since thereis + ox = Signs helween Watiables. __ Ornstank Geb ficiert s Since 2, 4, 1 ane Constants o Seconder Aref... dynamaie 2% order Septem Ex: 4Qtsy 2 LVI S480 system fast order Ail Sy.“ Perdes dgnanaie Sys. Au = \ 2Srary ee asyesy tyee hen a paainer FQ is ceated_—Wanster Fimetion Ene Y4tS4 22RD asy eSyer2@ then MOL _ 2 Trouher Caan TOR ass Fee Hirt Weciline NOR eo Initia | 450" Final “toe” foe Flt Flee Lan i) Gi Flea): Ling Fi tll MI i Kos oen\a lace es a ae n Ex:~ Gren F0: “stay then Fle): in st120 Floor. Mins¥is) = 1 ise (2Fartal Fraction method fer Finding foverse Laplace transforms Nole:- To aggly Partial fraction wmetheal to Tip osder be bine Flt) Ahe denomenador f Fis) Shanta toe gut in Factorigel fern. Fin: —__S+3 Gnd (0 voing OFM. staat ¢ EX: isp aot Dose od A ® Gerry 8) | (SFL) sg: Alor) t Blsary) an eee \e AFB --ay eS a ies : =a thes Fig: > then fie 22 6* ey eD Fins SH843 Bind GH) a be RR eS Ga pce s*trsts = AGH + Bom +c s?+7s¢ Alst+2541) * Bist tC Bs AtBre Eeiaaial v swe by fe BE cay “ A pes ae ae ee ter : Hen Fis.= amy? cepa 5 Me (Lt JE 2 2 #82 Frm Tae ae a Bstc ce Fly, ————_ 4 _4 st— Ex ns GSwGteuery cst Steer) — then toy fe A,B, and ¢ VS AGsteisary FRCS 6. coMathematical Hedeling ef Dynawic So In Studying contre! systems the veader must be able te medal dynamic fying and_analyae dynamic _charactenibis (ele). A_mathematical wadel ofa dynamic system ve defined a a set o¢ equationa Haat reprerent's the dynamic *h the gystem. Te dynamics of amy Systema , ahether they ake mechanical > electrical, thermal, econenaity larale gical and Soon» mag be described in tesma of differential equahions. Sch ithereniat eptations mare ebrained by uaing physica! | arse —cyoverning a particular Sestom » far _tramgle, Nesten’s lars for mechanical systenaomd Mic nels lavas Por electaical syhenia- One mun Keep in wind. that deriving 4 seasonable mathematica! madel_ isthe mast mpactant part ek the-entive amalyans., Ex:- Denive ne mathematical mode) ff the Re series Cleese beter: Nete:= cieut han one dynamic ehement "Capacitor Cty the Math. wnede) (x P€ order pM e ee Des CON eat ie ote Wing KUL We ob\ain NisN@ante Miz TRarne 2 Mis SR Ne os Ts3s = Mis ROSVeqne » RESP 0 Mang Sve 2 1 Rt Transfer hinchin (22) sted. Nite Resi Stee Heole/ Ao e volt) 24st) = Re dus a vainas se Aifferential % Ante: Se, _ Re “Tre genera) Math Medel 2F!9, 96 ATS Sed of itterdey Syston \f Ts) thay et). _) ven Take, k=) “by Gmpariron" Wo Rar > isan Kz dic gain vbue = stead state solup = Satoo) Ts Time Bnstont foespien WAN, 140). am ideor abant hoi Fant the espace is. (PPwo) ke — For uitsrs Unit stege > Woy seh, es ae zi Hho —Notsps —_R¢__,_“E__ to get Sth) _one_aggly SOMO) 50%) dapluce Averse Ling Partin Fraction meted , aA 8 TTR Met - T Peel Ad Aa) SSO 8 SE eee Cho TF ,"Halh. Model of Re serien electric! ciccat ss: time = Se aoa Tie aus sg Salution: ae ettys_l-e stet4 a Be Seley Line Amit) 20 we Pee Nelo: fiew ae BOYS Ik, Nola) 2 Bin 3. 7 2 Tae Ey Solos tin 8x0). 78)+ Given the Rie seqien Cited Sho an belay, 1h 1s required to deine its mathe wade) peace — testes. Funcchion”. ee neter- Too dynamic Clements boing Kev: wn Oe SE (Capacitor ena Inductor) rt twa 274 order Sop Niz Weare Nete: Gpacitor ot op Arno LP. Nee TR, Nis Ctobedtccetes Led neatet Nez ne Fug Mi2 TR} IsTeane xs Tasthe te Ye Niz IR +LsI +e gan ap Teoh Aye RCS vot LC Se + Me Ss Tez cade 2csu0e 52 (LOS%,6¢5, 4) ae se 1 iE we Lest Rest | PT Rsez, diff. Nat Bien vee PMID Nui. Mea geneee) Bem 204 ocder Cond sku stehee he Syptew ee Kin REY Steins tor Whe; K2d-¢ Gary Yalue = sready Stake vale = yea) Lm: nahial) un davapeel Ceuguency Arad Ise ge demping rahe. y ‘ So Comparing eet eh ot Wey staysa st42peuns4 Cont yids 2K, Plime Bey tnd = 1 — wy_ Fist Orcler Goto! Systema pre Rig Ts eer IAA ae Cooke! Syshenn seopemae to Ris)2 Unit Impulse 1 49. a Ye asyity: We a bal saat Steps, stead €x:- Gi, 309 fad 3 be Ris) Umit Angas By aay and 0218, Telg then StH wave either: 8. stay! st or:- 44)= ae Se ning PEM. a 0 2_Grereuad) 1 cre Gabel System reopone te Ris): duit sept. Kt — yt) Za ee ea Je Sem hh oe thes MW: Gay jf 3 EG, K/q 2 Als) a Bs = Alp AzK, A+B Be ‘Yle)z 0, Saran, $ltyz 0-682 Ere he 3 eye U8). 10.8% ) Ry TR Me T24 Veot fo! 3. Geren) ardor nh item te anit Rang caer x Sas 45) 2 aoe Sie We A say ste BS 'S4) Dea p eaet a ae Ks Als. : they Misia gigsti rs S = Sis i 16S fic ee ears eit aaaSecond Creer Cabal Spm 919, Koa Ris) 2 2 ns: tanh Ex:- YW J een ener ote Egy SES Sa Figen Bp Ue “J damyiag Rel ad an Over dampee! Core Nesaot. i i as ip Ou Risyz Une bm ras pe ey ee epee eee aiatese Le ee norer eae EER eS sie ee Sle)z 0 Ve Alstr) + Bt) Ylaree Led 2% Az! Rr.) ot Ar Respowse $ eae Case for Risds Wnt ee : Any Bt QW): “ease = TS * ee See Ve A Coay(ser) + Bolstry 4 Co(stt) 2 W(st +35¢7) + Bstr) + Gs(st) eae atte Nyt= 05 e405 2 ylo)s0, 38): 0.5 ‘ale be Ri= F_un Manp- tH)ee es Spat Gmupabtivo d. eee mh be Rid: Vor Kee ee at a SID eSctnens Ris) sda 254) Ra ee Yi= ——, = 5b is oA SOE ye AG + Bsisny+ Cs La Alsterser) +Bs(sn) +s 12 A 02 2A4Bec—+ OLAS Be ; ! says e e RSet cesta erie ors ire cae Stole oy Sees + dls at bas Solve be RIS Um't ly ra and Rls) = mt (43)} Ex:- IO = Kant Wal, wns tAadisee- ei shtse) Sr sdplonse wont nfs 1 os fy Under clampee/ She doi ali |) | Undead Mates tig neecl to chaive its time Solution" for tas Cane only Underda Thad iA seeds to GPeDede ‘hs Vine Reapenoe Specilecains” ais leelass 2 dee Une ped Gane Ue Lip vgn “inst Rese ‘Specifications Delaytinoe tls fio? ta ten bys response 4y xeach 3M Aall of firel vole. Ware Sipe Rise tine te: Pore taken war to euch fom banal) dodue oer eiehlecee) Prat time tp: Time taren ‘te veach frst pear __overtheet: = Inthe £ ee Coversheet, MPs Mardin enh eipomre over the Set pan “here Unity” eh fi es oy epee my itn seg te sap ting % 2 2 a as bey = On Jing* Aad. ty: = in oh ee zai'p tenes tp: 8 Fo see, Hp ORY h(sD= 3s sec. t2h/)= Fig see. vy)sv 25 Ex- Giver the Teansfor hinction s a tp alewlate the hijeising trie Yesponse Sapeeits tice Hy Wn F > woly tr tp pr tots 2), 01) 2 IK As vequicad Chi. f Se 25° = Ke" Ais) a itsahee (eater STITT 8746S 28 SF Sidos + Paws Ket, Web 2tS me S Rad lsec. S 20.651 Underdanprel 2flan=6 did: tn JE" = ef Srad Iser 1 TEE pete f, F-09273 . 0.8938 sec. tp. Tejy-+ 0-F8S4 sec a)r ie) = 0.09 Hp= 1.60 = Bu iitaeee $4.0. “ = 1.333 See. vpks Rabe Satin — Res> Aenomenator enomenator = Characteristics Cquation Celts).ex. Rests of cles eq. ace Calle poles “eigen vallten” "#74" Reats “f Nuwerata owe Called Bewes ” ° 4%” EReUe Sly Raaetaa Sees No Rercen BG? S2t bstry cles to. 2 st4bses two poles ef 2-3 + j4,s2 -8-5y Complex Conjugahe Note: [ods ah ey Kare im Sa af der Syphon 2 cerry” Fae Weer one eigen valu “orp ls ase eo pole at s2-% 24 order 4 Sem: Ourdanpe han two Real) not equa) pales x- St435¢U 20 Sye-l, Sre-2 Uo! overdamped. Cateall y chypel has two Rew equ plea exe —sterser = _aept _syatre-+ 2] Critically dapat Cnderolanpel hoy tus Conplty Conjugate Polea 3S\ Underdanpeel yeas een ae st2-7-y4 Mole. any woot S= of sw Ree) part rT Imag inarg Pat wo SS (ib.