LOGO Structural Design Institute

The Knowledge Base in Structural Engineering

State-of-the-Art Computer Aided

Analysis with CSI ETABS
Session 02

Eng. Shilpa Nirman Thilakarathna

B.Sc Eng (Hons-Pera) M. Eng (Structural-AIT),C.Eng (MIESL)

Structural Engineer/Executive Director

Civil and Structural Engineering Consultants (Pvt.) Ltd

STRUCTURAL DESIGN INSTITUTE Eng. Shilpa Thilakarathna

Session 2

Session 2:
Modelling and Analysis of a 12 Storied Building

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Details of the building
Details

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Analysis Procedure

1 2,3 4 5,6 7 8
3.00 3.00
stress
Concrete
3.00

3.00
E, v Steel
3.00 (Concrete,
Steel, Others)
3.00
strain

1 Draw Grid Line 2 Define Material 3 Define Sections 4 Draw the Structure
Properties
W
M(-) M(-) M(-)
F
W
M(+) M(+)
F
W
F
W
F

Fix Fix Fix

5 Assign Supports 6 Assign Loads 7 Perform Analysis 8 Perform Design

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Units
From the dropdown list select Use Built in setting as shown
Go to ‘File”
“New Model” below

1 Select Display units

2 Select Design code for

material

Use BS code for the

Analysis and Design

3 Click OK

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Model Template
➢ From the “New Model Quick Template” select “Blank” and click “OK”

1 Select Blank Template

2 Click OK

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Model Template
From the dropdown list select
Go to ‘Option” Set Screen “Black”
“Graphic Colors” and “Display”

1 Select Option

2 Select Graphic Color

3 Select Display

4 Select Black Background

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Grid Data
1 Select Edit

X Ordinates
Grid ID
(m)
1 0
2 6
3 12
4 18 4 Select Grid System as Spacing/Ordinates

2 Select Edit Stories and Grid Systems 5 20.5

6 23 Y Ordinates
Grid ID
7 25.5 (m)
8 31.5 A 0
9 37.5 B 6
10 43.5 5 Insert Grid Data C 12
D 18
E 20.5
3 Select Modify Grid System F 23
G 25.5
H 31.5
I 37.5
J 43.5

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Grid Data

1 Right Click

2 Select Add/Modify Grids..

3 Select Modify Grid System

4 Insert Grid Data

5 Click OK

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Grid Data-Define Stories
➢ Same way, Define Stories as shown below
3 Right click → Add/Delete story

2 Insert Story Data

1 Select Modify Story Data

4 Click OK

❑ Use the concept of ‘Similar Stories’ for your ease.

❑ A Master Story cannot be similar to other stories, but other stories can be similar to it.

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Defining Materials
1 Select Define

2 Select Material Properties

3 Select Add New Material

4 Select Material details

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Defining Material Properties

ACI-318-14
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 Defining Section Properties - Frames
1 Select Define 4 Select Add New Property
6 Insert Property Name
3 Select Frame sections

7 Select Material
2 Select Section Properties

8 Insert Section Dimensions

9 Click Modify Rebar

5 Select material and section type

11 Click OK

• Add Column size “C700x700”& C500x500

• Add Beam sizes “B600X300”, “B800X300” 10 Select Design Type

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Membrane, Plate & Shell

In-plane Stiffness Out-plane Stiffness In-plane Stiffness Out-plane Stiffness

(U1,U2 & R3) (U3,R1 & R2) (U1,U2 & R3) (U3,R1 & R2)

Membrane (Shear wall behavior): Plate (Slab behavior): Shell (Shear wall + Slab behavior):
• In-plane Stiffness Only • Out of plane Stiffness Only • In-plane Stiffness + Out of plane Stiffness
• Pure membrane behavior only the • Pure plate behavior only the • Membrane + Plate
in-plane forces bending moments • In-plane forces + Bending moments

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Out of plane stiffness

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In-plane Stiffness

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Thick shell and Thin shell elements
❖ Thin-plate formulation follows a Kirchhoff application, which neglects transverse shear deformation, whereas thick-
plate formulation follows Mindlin/Reissner, which does account for shear behavior. The thick-plate formulation has
no effect upon membrane (in-plane) behavior, only plate-bending (out-of-plane) behavior.
❖ The thick plate formulation is recommended to use when the shear deformations become significant. The thick plate
formulation captures both shear and bending deformations, whereas the thin plate formulation is based only on
bending deformations and neglects shear deformations.
❖ As a general rule, the contribution of shear deformations becomes important when the span to thickness ratio is
about 10:1 to 5:1,

https://wiki.csiamerica.com/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=4161682
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Defining Section Properties - Slabs

2 Insert Section Properties & Dimensions

1 Select Add New Property

3 Click OK

• Add Slab sizes size “S200” and “S500”

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Defining Section Properties - Walls

1 Select Define

3 Select Wall sections 4 Select Add New Property 5 Insert Property Name

2 Select Section Properties 6 Select Material

7 Select Modeling Type

8 Insert Wall Thickness

9 Click OK

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Defining Section Properties - Walls

2 Insert Section Properties & Dimensions

1 Select Add New Property

3 Click OK

• Add Wall sizes size “W200” and “W250”

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Modeling
Use Built in setting as shown
“Set Plan View” to Basement Start modeling by adding elements Remember the pattern, Bottom to
Top and Left to Right below

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Modeling
➢ Set “Floor Auto Mesh” option to “No Auto Meshing” Assign Shell Floor Auto Mesh Option

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Modeling
➢ Manually Mesh the model Edit Edit Shells Divide Shells

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Modeling-L1-L4 & L5-L12
➢ “Set Plan View” to L1
➢ Start Model

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Assign Support
3 Select Assign > Joints > Restraints (Supports)

1 Click Select Object

4 Select as
follows
5

Click OK

2 Select joints to add support condition

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Defining Loads

1 Select Define
5 Click Add New Load
4 Select Load Type
3 Insert Load Name

6 Click OK
2 Select Load Pattern

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Assigning Loads - Frame Loads
1 Select Assign

3 Select Distributed

2 Select Frame Loads

4 Select Load Pattern

6 Select Load Direction

5 Insert Load

7 Click OK

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Assigning Loads - Shell Loads

1 Select Assign

4 Select Load Pattern

5 Insert Load

6 Select Load Direction

2 Select Shell Loads

3 Select Uniform
7 Click OK

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Analyze
1 Select Analyze

2 Select Set Load Cases To Run

3 Select Load cases to

Run/ Do not Run

4 Click Run Now

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Results
➢ Check Mode Shapes
➢ Column Axial Forces
➢ Bending Moments
➢ Deflections
➢ Wall Stresses S22

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Shell Forces/ Stresses form

For shell element internal forces, the possible components are as follows:
F11: Direct force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 1-axis direction
F22: Direct force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 2 faces in the 2-axis direction.
F12: Shearing force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 2-axis
direction, and acting on the positive and negative 2 faces in the 1-axis direction.
FMax: Maximum principal force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element. Note that by definition principal forces are
oriented such that the associated shearing force per unit length is zero.
FMin: Minimum principal force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element. Note that by definition principal forces are
oriented such that the associated shearing force per unit length is zero.
FVM: Von Mises principal force per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element.
V13: Out-of-plane shear per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 3-axis
direction.
V23: Out-of-plane shear per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 2 faces in the 3-axis
direction.
VMax: Maximum principal shear per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element. Note that by definition principal shears are
oriented on faces of the element such that the associated shears per unit length on perpendicular faces are zero.
F22
F21 3
2
F12
2 V13
F11 1
V23
http://docs.csiamerica.com/help-files/etabs/Output_Conventions/Shell_Element_Internal_Forces.htm
1
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Shell Forces/ Stresses form

For shell element internal forces, the possible components are as follows:
M11: Direct moment per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 1 faces about the 2-axis.
M22: Direct moment per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 2 faces about the 1-axis.
M12: Twisting moment per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element on the positive and negative 1 faces about the 1-axis,
and acting on the positive and negative 2 faces about the 2-axis.
MMax: Maximum principal moment per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element. Note that by definition principal
moments are oriented such that the associated twisting moment per unit length is zero.
MMin: Minimum principal moment per unit length acting at the mid-surface of the element. Note that by definition principal
moments are oriented such that the associated twisting moment per unit length is zero

M21
M11
2-axis M22
Interpret M11
2 M11
M12
1-axis
1
http://docs.csiamerica.com/help-files/etabs/Output_Conventions/Shell_Element_Internal_Forces.htm

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Shell Forces/ Stresses form

For shell element internal stresses, the possible components are as follows:
S11: Direct stress (force per unit area) acting on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 1-axis direction.
S22: Direct stress (force per unit area) acting on the positive and negative 2 faces in the 2-axis direction.
S12: Shearing stress (force per unit area) acting on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 2-axis direction and acting on the
positive and negative 2 faces in the 1-axis direction.
SMax: Maximum principal stress (force per unit area). Note that by definition principal stresses are oriented such that the
associated shearing stress is zero.
SMin: Minimum principal stress (force per unit area). Note that by definition principal stresses are oriented such that the
associated shearing stress is zero.
SVM: Von Mises principal stress (force per unit area).
S13: Out-of-plane shearing stress (force per unit area) acting on the positive and negative 1 faces in the 3-axis direction.
S23: Out-of-plane shearing stress (force per unit area) acting on the positive and negative 2 faces in the 3-axis direction.
SMaxV: Maximum principal shearing stress (force per unit area). Note that by definition principal shearing stresses are
oriented on faces of the element such that the associated shears per unit length on perpendicular faces are zero
S11
2-axis
Interpret

S11

1-axis
http://docs.csiamerica.com/help-files/etabs/Output_Conventions/Shell_Element_Internal_Forces.htm
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Obtain Frame Force Diagrams
1 Select Display

2 Select Force/Stress
Diagrams 4 Select Load Case

3 Select Frames

5 Select Appropriate
Component

6 Click Apply

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Obtain Shell Force Diagrams
1 Select Display

4 Select Load Case

2 Select Force/Stress
Diagrams
5 Select Appropriate
Component

3 Select Shell
Stress/Forces

6 Click Apply

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