CLC / CAPSTONE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature Research Review
APA citation of article:
Copy and paste citation in this column
C and C++. (2018). Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 1.
Young, C. J. (2021). Unity Production: Capturing the Everyday
Game Maker Market. In O. Sotamaa & J. Švelch (Eds.), Game
Production Studies (pp. 141–158). Amsterdam University
Press.
Retrieved from (website address):
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4bq76d/viewer/html/c7wwca5ue5
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1hp5hqw.10?
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Notes from article (summarized in YOUR OWN WORDS):
This source talks about the history of C++ and how it influences the
industry.
- C++ is considered the more advanced version of C, which is a
computer programming language that was created/designed in the
1970’s. C++ however was created in the early 1980’s.
- C is a very flexible language that offers programmer a variety of
ways to complete a task, and C++ is exactly the same but adds a
large amount of features to it so that it can support a variety of
programming styles.
- C++ not only includes the imperative form of C, but also includes
the object oriented approach.
- Imperative programming languages are basically languages used
to write a sequence of commands in order to manipulate data to
get final results.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because it talks about c++
and the background that it has, and this is relevant for my project because
within Unity I will be needing to code using either c++ or c#.
Source that talks about how relevant Unity is in today's video game
industry
- Unity has expanded at an incredible rate since its release in 2005,
so much so that it went from a game engine, or a “suite of tools”
used for making games, to a 3D platform that can render realistic
graphics, animations, and models in a variety of contexts.
- The Unity game engine dominates a huge majority of the modern
gaming market, with 50% of all mobile games being made with it,
which equates to approximately 35 billion dollars.
- Unity is a free game engine to use which makes it appealing to

Hoffman, B., & Nadelson, L. (2010). Motivational engagement
and video gaming: a mixed methods study. Educational
Technology Research and Development, 58(3), 245–270.
CLC / CAPSTONE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40603176?
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students and the general population, but if your game is
commercialized and it makes over 100,000 then you have to pay
for a license to use Unity.
- Unity has a store called the Unity Asset Store, which can provide
game developer with many resources for their games. These can
include models, animations, images, sound, and templates.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because it gives a lot of
background information on Unity, which is a video game engine I will be
using in order to construct my capstone project, which helps me
understand it better.
Source talks about how to get motivational engagement in video games.
- A good way of keeping user motivational engagement in the game
would be to make it level based game, where you have a goal to
complete every level, and each time a level is completed the next
one is harder and more challenging. This can bring out the
persistence in people especially when the video game is fun, and
can make them want to overcome obstacles.
- “Academically, engagement is related to achievement, motivation,
and task persistence.”
- Multiple level based video games are linked with high levels of
engagement, because they become increasingly complex and
challenging.
- Major components of the motivational engagement in video games
include, variable difficulty levels, meaningful goals, informative
feedback, sensory curiosity, and a novel but not unpredictable
outcome.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because it gives me a lot of
insight on how I can get better motivational engagement inside of the
video game I will be creating, which will be part of the whole construction
process. It teaches me how I am going to keep user engagement using a
variety of points. Creating an engaging video game is core to my

Dickey, M. D. (2005). Engaging by Design: How Engagement
Strategies in Popular Computer and Video Games Can Inform
Instructional Design. Educational Technology Research and
Development, 53(2), 67–83.
ALEXANDER, A., & HO, T. (2015). Gaming Worlds: Secondary
Students Creating an Interactive Video Game. Art Education,
68(1), 28–36.
CLC / CAPSTONE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW
https://www.jstor.org/stable/30220429?
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/24766155?
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capstone project.
This source shows the strategies and tactics game designers use to
engage their user/players in their gameplay.
- Games are designed to engage player, and elements that do this
would be the characters and the roles they play within the game,
the various dimensions of a setting, actions, feedback, and
affordances.
- Often in most video games, the role of the player is the main
character within the story. Through playing as the main character
the player is able to interact within the environment and feel as
though they are creating their own story. In some video games the
player can design/create his own main character, creating more of
a connection between them.
- There are a variety of techniques used to enhance the connection
between player and character, and some of these include
establishing a link between the player and environment, providing
player interactive choices (multiple outcomes due to choices,
multiple choice dialogue, different routes we can take), and
establishing emotional depth between the character and the story,
interaction with NPC’s, and symbols.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because it shows the
strategies and tactics game developers use in order to hook/engage users
into their video games, which is core to my capstone project. In order to
create a good video game it needs to be engaging.
Shows how secondary students in 2015 worked to create a game and the
steps they took.
- First they made students come up with character designs on paper
(Basically 2D designs) to assess the strengths and weaknesses of
each student when it comes to design.
- After, they sorted out the students into four groups, and they were

Garvey, G. P. (2002). Life Drawing and 3D Figure Modeling
with MAYA: Developing Alternatives to Photo-Realistic
Modeling. Leonardo, 35(3), 303–310.
CLC / CAPSTONE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW
ZWFyY2hfY2hhcHRlciIsIm1wX3Jlc2VhcmNoX3Jl
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/1577122?
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all tasked with designing characters, a world, and a narrative
together.
- After all the groups had decided their own ideas, the teachers put
all the groups into one large group and made them all vote on the
best ideas.
- In the next phase the students had to take their chosen drawings
on character design and fully model it on a 3D sculpture software
(will be Maya for me), they also texture their models, create their
levels from their drawings, and create an interactive design.
- After that the students started designing their video game using
programming with JavaScript (I will be using c++), creating
animations, and doing all this within a game engine called Unity.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because it shows the
method a school used to teach students on how to create an interactive
video game. This is relevant because I am also a High School student
who is trying to figure out how to create a video game, and this can give
me lots of insight into how they created one and can give me a lot of help
when needed.
This source provides many details on how to 3D model certain things
using Maya, serving as basic introduction to it.
- This shows how you can import drawings onto photoshop and
model off of that, instead of going free hand. It shows how you can
use circles to shape out a drawing from the image from multiple
angles.
- “A mastery of drawing and understanding of anatomy lay the
groundwork for making believable corrections, enhancements or
distortions to polygonal meshes created from 3D scanning.”
- “3D artists need to quickly realize ideas through 2D sketches that
can be used as references in 3D modeling.
The source is relevant to my capstone project because in my process to
create a video game, I will have to create many 3D models to be a part of
CLC / CAPSTONE RESEARCH LITERATURE REVIEW

it. This source is relevant because it gives me insight on how to create a

3D model using Maya from a drawing, and can teach me a lot of the
basics. Creating 3D models for my capstone project is insanely important.