Different Learning Styles of High School Students of Sta.

Rosa Academy of San Nicolas Ilocos

Norte, Inc.

A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of the SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL of Sta.

Rosa Academy

San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research

Members/(Alphabetical)

Jimmy Cu Jr.

Ceasar Ian Manalo

Giro Tenedor

Neetzel Joy Butay

Jenievyb Manzano

Research Adviser

Ma’am Mikaela Chellito Cristobal

 INTRODUCTION

A learning style is the way that different students learn. A style of learning refers to an

individual’s preferred way to absorb, process, comprehend and retain information. The four key

learning styles are: visual, auditory, tactile and kinesthetic. Visual learners prefer to use pictures,

graphs and images to organize and communicate their thoughts and learn best from using flash

cards. Auditory learners prefer to listen, discuss, memorize and debate in class. They learn best

from audiobooks rather than print ones. Tactile learners learn best by touch and movement they

find opportunities to take part in demonstrations, writing or building models. Kinesthetic learners

prefer to use their whole body in the learning process they use gestures to communicate ideas

and learn best in a hands-on environment (Scott,2017). A learning style refers to an individual’s

method of making sense of new material, commonly done through sight, touch and sound. Taste

and smell, although not as frequently used as the last three, can still be effective when aiming to

solidify ideas in our brain. By examining your learning style, you’ll become aware of how your

brain learns best. And if you know how you learn best, you can also communicate more

effectively with your instructors. Identifying your learning style involves understanding how you

tend to learn best. You can use this information to your advantage when you study by using

learning approaches that work well for you, such as writing out notes, creating mind-maps, using

models or reciting out loud. This can assist you with in-class learning and with examination

revision (Buktaw,2021).

Student learning styles are key to developing performance in learning. Each student must

have different learning styles. Knowing these different student learning styles can help teachers

in delivering learning materials to all students so that learning outcomes will be more effective.

According to Rita Dunn in (Sugihartoon,2007) pioneers in other learning styles have found many
variables that influence student learning style, dianatranya: physical, emotional, sociological, and

environment. Some people can learn learn well in bright light, while others can only learn if the

lighting is bleak. There are some people who best accomplish their learning tasks in groups,

while others prefer to learn for themselves because it is more effective. Some people choose to

study with the background music accompaniment, while others can not learn unless in a lonely

atmosphere. Some people choose their work environment neatly, but others always hold

everything out for everything to be seen. Meanwhile according to David Kolb in Ghufron and

Risnawarit, student learning styles are influenced by personality type, habit or habit, and evolve

with time and experience. School factors that will affect the way or style of learning of students

include teaching methods, curriculum, teacher relationships with students, student relationships

with students, discipline or school rules, learning atmosphere, standard lessons, the state of the

building, the location of schools, and others.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this research aimed to know and confirm how different learning styles affect

how students gather information.

1. Why thus knowing learning styles important?

2. How learning style affects your study habits?

3. What are the reasons for different styles of learning among students?

Scope and Delimitation

The general intent of this study is to know the different learning styles of high school

students.
 The researchers will limit the study to 48 males and 47 females high school students

enrolled of the school year 2021-2022 of Sta. Rosa Academy. Each of the respondents will be

interviewed through messenger mobile application for the researchers get their point of views.

Only the high school students were chosen to participate in this study.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study will benefit to the following:

Students – This research would help them to know their learning styles and with that, they could

enhance and develop their learning. Also, the researchers hope that in giving more emphasis on

the learning styles, more students will be interested to make similar studies with such an

objective as to make positive contributions in the styles of learning.

Teachers – They would benefit this research because they would be able to make use of the

information imparted in this research, especially on knowing what kind of learning styles each

student has.

Future Researchers – This would help them to have an idea of they would develop in this study.

And also, this research paper can provide the information they needed for their related research.

Definition of Terms

To have clear understanding of the research, the following terms were define:

Learning style – the way that different student learn.

Auditory Learner – learn by hearing and listening.

Visual Learner – learn by reading or seeing pictures.

Tactile Learner – learn by touching and doing.

Kinesthetic Learner - use their whole body in the learning process they use gestures to

communicate ideas and learn best in a hands-on environment.

Style - a particular manner or technique by which something is done, created, or performed.

Covid-19 – An infectious disease caused by coronavirus. Currently spreading all over the world.

Pandemic- an epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread across the world.

Online Class- Students attend class by online classroom, which has virtual teaching.

Face-to-face learning- A traditional, classroom-based method of learning.

Synchronous learning- When students learn the same thing at the same time–through a lecture

(online or in-person).

Asynchronous learning- Learning that do not occur in the same place or at the same time (online

learning).

Mixed learning- Refers to the practice of using both online and in-person learning experiences

when teaching students (F2F and synchronous).

Assimilator- a person who assimilates or engages in assimilation.

Active-reflective- involves conscious consideration of what happened during a learning

experience.
Introvert- shy or reserved.

Intuitive- instinctive or coming from a gut feeling.

Extrovert- Antonym of introvert, outgoing and socially active.

Foreign-Related Literature

Since the coronavirus had occurred all over the world, most people have affected their

habits in daily routine, especially the students. Their study habits have changed due to rules and

mandatory given by the authorities, one of them is online classes. Transitioning into a Distance

learning class takes a drastic change in learning styles.

The majority of students in the Freedom High School 2020-2021 school year spent the

entire year at home. Online students seemed to have a difficult time adjusting to in-person
school, which began in late August. One of the reasons for this was because last school year, the

average student would wake up a few minutes before class, grab their computer and start a class

for the day on their bed. Most students had no motivation to participate in class, and some would

even sleep during lectures or their free time during school (Buktaw,2021).

Students across India are speedily trying to adjust to the online-only model of education

and simultaneously organize their life that has been suddenly disrupted by the novel coronavirus

(Khatar,2020). The impact of four learning modalities, involving face-to-face (F2F),

synchronous, asynchronous, and mixed (F2F and synchronous), was explored. Whereby, in

general, the F2F mode delivers a higher level of student performance outcomes than that

delivered by mixed and asynchronous groups for these kinds of courses (ASEE, 2021).

Synchronous online learning has received more attention than asynchronous online learning and

growing worldwide via several digital platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-directed

learning (SDL) is defined as learning on one's own initiative, with the learner having primary

responsibility for planning, implementing, and evaluating the effort.

Foreign-Related Studies

A study conducted found the impact of teaching and learning style preferences

and their match/mismatch on learners’ achievement among 310 English Major Students and four

(4) lecturers from the Foreign Languages Faculty of Azad University, Iran. The results of the

study revealed that matching teaching and learning styles in EFL classes helped to improve

students’ achievement. A study conducted by was examined the effect of the match between the

Learning and Teaching Styles of Teachers on Students’ Achievement among 700 students and 31

teachers. The results of this study revealed that teachers created the learning surroundings

depending on their own learning styles and that there has been a close relationship between
teachers’ learning styles, students’ learning styles, and students’ achievements in mathematics

classes, that students’ achievements increased when teaching is done based on their learning

styles. Besides that, the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’

teaching styles and students’ learning styles, and students’ academic achievements if they match

one another, ’s learning styles. The result obtained from this study has one of the current trends

in foreign language learning settings is to raise awareness about students’ personal differences

and their potential effects on the learning process and outcomes so as to arrive at the most

conclusive explanation of the variance in performance (Sadeghi, et al. 2012).

Further, because of the numerous learner variables that appear to impinge on the process

of language learning (Blair, 1982), the emphasis on the parallelism with those of some other

studies in the literature (IJERE, 2019). one of the current trends in foreign language learning

settings is to raise awareness about students’ personal differences and their potential effects on

the learning process and outcomes so as to arrive at the most conclusive explanation of the

variance in performance (Sadeghi, et al. 2012). Further, because of the numerous learner

variables that appear to impinge on the process of language learning (Blair, 1982), the emphasis

on the individual differences among learners is indeed pertinent in modern language teaching

and its associated learning environments (Gohar, 2015).

The research results indicated that the Assimilator, Active-Reflective, Introverted,

Feeling, Judging (INFJ)/Extroverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Judging (ENFJ) learning styles are most

frequently preferred by pharmacy undergraduate students. In another quantitative research of 113

Iranian pre-university EFL students using the Productivity Environmental Preference Survey

(PEPS), Tabatabaei and Mashayekhi (2012) suggested that the participants of the study preferred

visual style the most, followed by auditory, tactile and the least preferred learning style was
 kinesthetic. Similar to Tabatabaei and Mashayehki (2012)’s research, Rahmani (2012) chose 350

high school-aged students of two majors: mathematic science and speculative science as the

participants of the study. The findings revealed a significant correlation between sensing-

intuitive learning styles and academic performance of mathematic science students; while, with

regard to speculative science students, the results showed a significant correlation between

active-reflective learning styles and their academic performance. It is to be mentioned that in the

above study, the researcher (Rahmani, 2012) employed Felder and Solomon Learning Style

Index (FLSI) to identify the participants’ preferred learning styles.

Conceptual Framework

Learning Style

Why thus knowing learning How learning style affects your What are the reasons for different
styles important? study habits? styles of learning among student?

You’ll become aware Students who study Learning styles can encourage
students to reflect on their
of how your brains in a way that preferred ways of learning, giving
learns best. And if supports their
them more ownership and control
over their own learning. Learning
you know how to styles are a reminder that all
learning style can students are different. And lastly,
learn best, you can
also communicate perform better on they can make teaching more
enjoyable, and expand teachers'
effectively. tests and improve professional skills.

their grades.
Theoretical Framework

Social Learning Theory, using social learning theory can be a valuable tool for dealing with

difficult students who like to disrupt the classroom and cause trouble. This theory focuses on the

concept of children learning from observing others by acting on or not acting on what they see

exhibited by their classmates. For example, they may see a classmate politely asking for a treat

and getting one, or maybe they hear another classmate talking about something new they’ve

learned, which teaches the student something new even if it’s not something they try themselves.

There are four elements to social learning theory: Attention, which calls upon different or unique

lessons or activities to help children focus. Retention focuses on how the student will internalize

information and recall it later on. Reproduction, drawing on previously learned behavior and

when it’s appropriate to use it. Motivation can extend from seeing other classmates being

rewarded or punished for their actions.

 METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

The research employs an experimental research design where the students learn more in

these different learning styles. The effectiveness of this research was Teachers will be able to

know what type of learning styles the students experience the most difficulty. Although all

students have different/unique methods of learning, the most effective way of learning is the

Face-to-face method or the synchronous. Since it is the traditional way of learning or adapting

information in school, a lot of students struggle with time management in Online classes and it

has risen up their anxiety. The respondents were asked via messenger since we we’re not allowed

to interview them personally.

LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The school we have chosen is the school where the researchers are assigned in their

Practical Research 1. This school is Sta. Rosa Academy of San Nicolas Ilocos Norte, Inc.
headed. The school is a small school only and as perceived in the school, it has only a small

population to accommodate.

Sta. Rosa Academy is a private Catholic academic institution, the school provides a

quality Christian education to promote the spiritual, moral, intellectual, and physical

development of the students to produce graduates who are God-fearing, committed, and

responsible individuals.

The school implements a k-12 basic education curriculum that offers a preschool, grade

school, a junior and senior high school under the new resolution mandated by the Department of

Education (DepEd).

Population and Sample

Respondents Number of Respondents Percentage

Grade 7 13 13.68%
Grade 8 13 13.68%
Grade 9 16 16.89%
Grade 10 31 32.63%
Grade 11 14 14.73%
Grade 12 8 8.42%
Total 95 100%

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
 The questionnaire will be the major instrument in this study so that we are secure

despondence to certain questions. The questionnaires in this study were due designed to obtain

information about the different learning styles of high school students.

Open-minded questions will be used to give the respondents the opportunity to give their

responses and suggestions.

The questionnaires will prepare by the researchers were developed by reading reference

materials and related to the different learning styles.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers will provide the questionnaires to students who were enrolled in the

High School level because of their involvement in

this study.

The questionnaires will be done through messenger by the researchers. This

procedure also enables the researchers to conduct the interview the same time consecutively. The

researchers collected the answered questionnaires.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATION

The following ethical guidelines were put into place for the research period:

1. The dignity and well-being of students were protected at all times.

 2. The research data remained confidential throughout the study and the researchers

obtained the students’ permission to use their real names in the research report.

REFERENCES

https://web.cortland.edu/andersmd/learning/introduction.htm.

https://tophat.com/glossary/l/learning-style/

https://evidenceforlearning.org.au/the-toolkits/the-teaching-and-learning-toolkit/all-approaches/

learning-styles/technical-appendix

Coffield, F., Mosley, D., Hall, E., & Ecclestone, K.

Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning. A systematic and critical review

Learning and Skills Research Centre, London (2004)

https://www.uow.edu.au/student/learning-co-op/effective-studying/identify-your-learning-style/

https://ainamulyana.blogspot.com/2017/02/definition-student-learn

ing-styles-and.html

NARRATIVE REPORT

Making a research paper as a group was amusing and hard at the same time, it is the

beginning of our journey onto becoming a wiser student. An experience that can lead as into

becoming a more independent student in college.

 Our team was very cooperative all of us are willing to take part. These are the names of

the members in our team and their contribution. Neetzel Joy A. Butay being a leader, she

managed to stand her position without being indolent, she contributed many parts in our paper.

Jenievyb Manzano, being a substitute leader she managed to assist and substitute the leader she

also contributed many parts in our paper. Jimmy Cu, he took a part to be specific he took the

definition of terms. Diana Rose Coloma, she took a part to be specific, she took the significant of

the study. The ones who aren’t mentioned, were the ones who doesn’t have any contribution in

our research paper, and didn’t ever showed up.

Therefore, making a research paper makes you realize that cooperation is number one.

Cooperation is everything.