Mi

nis
tr
yofHi
ghe
rEduc
ati
ona
ndSc
ient
if
icRe
sea
rch

I
raqi
aUni
ver
sit
y

Col
le
geofEd
uca
ti
onf
orWome
n

De
par
tme
ntofEngl
is
h

TheRol
eofBos
ol nTheDuc
ai hes
sofMa
lfi
Ar
ese
arc
hpa
pers
ubmi
tt
edt
otheDe
par
tme
ntofEngl
is
hLa
ngua
geoft
heCol
le
ge
ofEduc
ati
onf
orWome
nofTheI
raqi
aUni
ver
sit
y

By
NourAl
-Hudaa
ndDhi
la
lFa
lahJ
asi
m

Four
ths
tage-B-

Supe
rvi
sorBy
Mus
aabN.I
bra
him
 De
dic
ati
on

Tot
hos
ewhot
aughtmea
ndma
det
hispos
sibl
e.

I
I
 Aknowl
edge
ment

Wewoul
dli
ket
oexpr
essours
inc
erer
espe
cta
ndgr
ati
tudet
oour
s
upe
rvi
sorwhos
egui
danc
econt
inues
uppor
tandme
ti
cul
ousi
nsi
ght
sha
vebe
en
i
nva
lua
blet
othi
swor
k.

Ourde
epe
stgr
ati
tudea
nda
ppr
eci
at
iona
lsogot
o He
adofThe
De
par
tme
ntofEngl
is
hAs
st.Pr
of.Abe
erhe
rva
lua
blea
dvi
ce,e
ncour
age
menta
nd
pa
ti
enc
eha
vea
lwa
ysbe
eni
ndi
spe
nsa
ble.

Bi
gtha
nkst
oourPr
of.Sa
wsa
nSa
lehSi
rr
iyyf
orhe
rhe
lpt
ote
achi
ngust
he
ba
sic
sofwr
it
ingar
ese
arc
hpa
per
.

Apa
rti
cul
arde
btoft
hanksgoe
stoa
llourde
arf
ri
endsf
ort
hei
rpr
ice
les
s
c
oope
rat
iona
nde
ncour
age
menta
ndf
ort
her
efe
renc
es.

I
II
 TheRol
eofBos
ol nTheDuc
ai hes
sofMa
lfi
Abs
tra
ct
I
nshort,TheDuc hes
sofMa lf
iisagr
eatpla
y,itisr
ichinpoetr
yanddra
mat
ic
i
ma ge
ry,itcont
a i
nsdis
cussi
onofthemeswhichareofapermanentmora
l
s
ignif
ica
nc e
,itisanimmortalcl
ass
icwhic
hwi l
llasts
olongastheEngli
sh
l
anguageisreadandenjoyed.

IntheDuc hessofMa l
fi,r eadersa reintroduc e st
oonl yaf e wpromi nent
characters,oneofwhi chisBos ola,hi reda saki ndofhe nchma nbyt heDuc hess’s
twinbr other,Ferdinand.Ma nyma yc onsiderBos olaa snothingbutas uppor ti
ng
character,wi t
htheDuc hesst akingt hel eada spr otagonistandma i
nc haracter,but
thi
sc onc epti
onmus tbec hallenge d.Bos ol aisthemos ti
mpor tantcharacte
ri nthe
Duc hessofMa l
fi
,int hisre
s earchpa perwewi llputt hel i
ghtonhi sr ol
ei nTh e
Duc hessofMa l
fia nda tt
hes amet imewewi l
lt alka bouthistwos ides(gooda nd
bad)a ndwhi chsidewi nsatt hee nd.Al sothispa pe rwi l
ldividedintose ct
ions
includinghi ssetofr ole
s,a ndl astbutnotl e
ast,thec onc l
us i
onwhi chc ontainsthe
realBos ola'
sr ol
ea sagoodc haractere venwi t
hhi sba ddeeds .

I
V
 Ta
bleofc
ont
ent
s

De
dic
ati
on I
I
Ac
knowl
edge
ment I
II
Abs
tra
ct I
V
Aboutt
heAut
hor 1
El
iz
abe
tha
nDr
ama 3
J
acobe
anDr
ama 4
TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi:
Sour
ceofThePl
ay 5
TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfiCha
rac
ter
sli
st 6
TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi:Summa
ry 10
TheRol
eofBos
ola 13
Hi
sSe
tofRol
es 16
Conc
lus
ion 19
EndNot
es 2
0
Re
fer
enc
e 22
 1.
AboutTheAut
hor
J
ohnWe
bst
erwa
sanEngl
is
hJa
cobe
andr
ama
ti
st
.Re
lat
ive
lynot
hingc
lea
rly
knowna
bouthi
spa
rent
sandl
it
tl
eisknowna
bouthi
sli
fe.Theye
arsofhi
sbi
rt
h
a
ndhi
sde
atha
re,al
ikeunknown,butmos
tofhi
ssour
cesa
gre
edt
hathewa
sbor
n
a
round1580i
nLondona
ndhemos
tsur
vive
datl
eas
tunt
il1624(1).

We
bst
ermos
tli
kel
ywe
ntt
otheMa
rche
ntTa
ylor
'ss
chool
.Hewoul
dha
ve
pr
esuma
blybe
gunhi
sst
udya
tthi
swe
ll
-r
ega
rde
dins
ti
tut
ioni
n1587.Hes
erve
das
t
heof
fi
ci
alpoe
toft
heMa
rche
ntTa
ylor
'sc ny(2).
ompa

Ar
ound1604or160
5,We
bst
erma
rri
edSa
raPe
nia
llwhowa
saboutt
enye
ars
hi
sjoni
or.Wi
thi
naboutaye
art
hef
ir
sts
onwa
sbor
n,a
lsona
medJ
ohn.I
tisn
ot
knownhowma
nyc
hil
dre
nthe
yha
dore
venhowt
heyl
ive
dthe
irl
if
easaf
ami
ly.
J
ohnWe
bst
erwa
stobet
hel
astoft
hegr
eatEl
iz
abe
tha
npl
aywr
it
esa
ndal
at
e
c
ont
empor
aryofWi
ll
ia
mSha
kes
pea
re.Thef
ir
str
efe
rcet
ohi
sca
ree
rasapl
aywr
it
e
a
ccur
sint
hedi
ari
esofPhi
li
pHe
usl
owe(
c.1555-
1616)
.

We
bst
erbe
stknownf sTheWhi
orhi teDe
vila
ndTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi
.The
t
womus
tfr
eque
ntl
yst
age
dJa
cobe
anpl
aysnotwr
it
te
nbySha
kes
pea
re.Thea
geof
We
bst
erc
ompa
ris
ont
hel
astde
ca he16tha
deoft nde
arl
yde
ca sof17thc
de ent
uryi
s
a
n"a
geo
fTr
ans
it
ion"(3).

(
1610-
1614)
wast
hepe
riodofTheWhi
teDe
vila
ndTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi
.
Thef
ir
stonepr
int
edi
n1612a
tthef
ir
sts
ighti
tmi
ghtbet
ake
ntoar
eve
rsi
ont
othe
e
arl
ie
rtypeofr
eve
nget
rage
dy.
Reve
ngef
ori
nnoc
entbl
oodi
sonc
emor
ethema
in
t
hemeoft
hedr
ama
ti
st
.

1
 I
nthepr
efa
cet
othef
ir
stqua
rtrofTheWhi
e teDe
vil,We
bst
erme
nti
one
dtha
t
"
thepl
aywa
snotwe
lll
ike
dbyt
heor
igi
nala
udi
enc
e"(4).Thi
scl
ear
lydi
dnot
di
scour
agehi
mlongs
i eTheDuc
nc hes
sofMa
lfihi
sbe
stknownpl
aywa
swr
it
te
n
s
oona
fte
rwa
rds
.

We
bst
erf
oll
owe
dSha
kes
pea
re'
sst
eps
.Sha
kes
pea
reha
sle
ftbe
hindhi
m
numbe
rsofpl
ayswhi
che
ndi
ntr
age
dy.Hewa
snotwr
it
ingf
oroura
rm-
cha
irs
tudy,
butf
orEl
iz
abe
tha
naudi
enc
es.Soheha
dtoc
ate
rtot
hei
rta
ste
s,t
hei
rli
kesa
nd
di
sl
ike
s.Suc
hwa
sthet
radi
ti
onoft
rage
dywhi
chWe
bst
eri
nhe
rit
ed.Hewor
ked
uponi
tandma
dei
tint
ir
elyhi
sown.I
nthi
swa
y,We
bst
erc
rea
tedat
rage
dywhi
ch
wa
sthepr
idea
ndgl
oryofpos
t-Sha
kes
pea
rea
ntr
age
dyi
nEngl
and.

Mos
tofwha
tisot
her
wis
eknownofhi
mre
lat
est
ohi
sthe
atr
ica
lac
ti
vit
ie
s.
We
bst
erwa
sst
il
lwr
it
ingpl
aysa
sla
tea
sthemi
d-1620s
,butThoma
sHe
ywood'
s
Hi
era
rchi
eofTheBl
ess
edAnge
ls(
li
cens
ed7Nov1634)s
pea
ksofWe
bst
eri
nthe
pa
stt
ens
e,i
mpl
yinghewa
sthe
nde
ad.

2
 1.
1El
iza
bet
hanDr
ama
.
Ge
ner
all
y,Thes
impl
ede
fini
ti
onofEl
iz
abe
tha
ndr
amai
stha
titi
sdr
ama
wr
it
te
ndur
ingt
her
eignofQue
enEl
iz
abe
th(5)(
1558-
1603)
thet
imewhe
n
Eur
ope
answe
res
tar
ti
ngt
obr
eakf
reef
romt
hec
ult
ura
lcons
tra
int
swhi
cha
re
c
har
gedbyt
heme
dia
eva
lchur
ch.Gr
eatt
hinke
rsa
cros
sEur
opewe
rebr
ave
ly
di
rec
ti
ngt
hei
reye
sawa
yfr
omt
hef
aceofGoda
ndt
urni
ngt
hemt
owa
rdst
hemi
nd,
t
hef
ormsa
ndi
dea
sofhuma
nbe
ingsi
nhugehuma
nis
ti
cmove
ment
.

Wh
enQue
enEl
iz
abe
thc
amet
othet
hrone
,mos
toft
hepl
ayswe
ret
ake
nfr
om
(
6)
Bi
ble
,of
fert
othepubl
icmos
tl
yre
li
giousa
ndl
ive
soft
hes
aint
s a
ndmor
ali
ti
es
t
oo,whi
cht
aughtl
ess
onsf
ort
hegui
danc
eofl
ivet
hrought
heme
ansofa
ll
egor
ica
l
a
cti
on,t
heywe
rege
ner
all
yabou
tGodnotpe
opl
e.

Byt
het
imeEl
iz
abe
th’
sre
igne
nde
dthe
rewe
remor
etha
ntwe
ntyt
hea
tre
sin
London,a
llt
urni
ngove
rse
ver
alpl
ays
,tha
twe
res
ecul
ari
nthe
irna
tur
e,a
nda
bout
pe
opl
e.
Wha
tcha
nge
datt
hatt
imewa
stha
tthepl
aysbe
cameapl
acewhe
repe
opl
e
we
ntt
ose
e,notdr
ama
ti
sedl
ect
ure
songoodbe
havi
our
,butar
efl
ect
ionoft
hei
r
owns
pir
ita
ndda
y-t
o-da
yint
ere
sts
.

I
nCha
uce
r'
sti
me,whi
lel
arg
esumsofmon
eywe
res
pentonpa
gea
nt
pe
rfor
manc
es,t
her
ewa
snodi
rec
tcha
rget
othea
udi
enc
eforwi
tne
ssi
ngt
he
pr
efor
manc
e.Ac
tor
swe
repa
idf
ort
hei
rexe
rti
ons
,notapr
ofe
ssi
ona
lent
ert
ai
ner
.

BySha
kes
pea
re'
sti
me,a
udi
enc
epa
idt
owi
tne
ssi
ngpl
aysi
npubl
ict
hea
ter
s
whi
che
arne
dampl
einc
ome
sforma
nage
rsa
nds
har
e-hol
der
sandt
hebus
ine
ssa
nd
a
rtofa
cti
ngha
dbe
comeapr
ofe
ssi
onpr
ovi
dinga
nade
qua
tel
ive
li
hood.

3
1.
2Ja
cobe
anDr
ama

The
rei
sanot
ic
eab
lec
hangei
nthet
oneo
fpl
ayswr
it
te
ndur
ingt
hee
arl
yye
ars
(
7)
ofEng
land'
sKi
ngJ
ame
sI .Eve
nbydr
ama
ti
sts
ucha
sSha
kes
pea
rea
ndBe
n
J
ons
onwhowe
rewr
it
ingdur
ingt
her
eignsofbot
hEl
iz
abe
tha
nandJ
ame
s.

Thi
spe
riodc
all
edJ
acobe
ana
ge(
fr
oml
at
inJ
acobus"
Jame
s")1603-
1625
(
8)
pe
riodofvi
sua
landl
it
era
rya
rt .Thi
sdi
st
ingui
shi
ngnot
eoft
hist
ypeoft
rage
dy
i
sit
sint
ere
sti
ncompl
exc
har
act
eroft
hema
n,i
tsr
eal
iz
ati
onoft
heba
sera
nd
be
sti
ale
leme
ntsi
nhi
sna
tur
e,mor
ees
pec
ial
lyt
hatofs
exi
nit
sde
str
uct
ivef
orm
a
ndape
rce
pti
on,a
mou
nti
nga
tti
mest
ode
fea
ti
smoft
hepowe
rife
vil
.

Thet
heme
soft
hewor
kswe
reus
ual
lyda
rka
ndne
gat
ivewor
kque
sti
oni
ngt
o
t
hes
oci
alor
deroft
heda
y.Thet
heme
sde
bat
edt
hes
tabi
li
tyoft
hes
oci
et
ytha
tthe
a
uthorl
ive
dina
ndwe
ret
ragi
cands
ad.

TheJ
acobe
anpe
riodf
oll
owe
dtheEl
iz
abe
tha
npe
riodofl
it
era
tur
e.Someof
t
hebe
stSha
kes
pea
re'
str
agi
cpl
ayswr
it
te
ndur
ingt
hisa
ge.

Theot
herwe
ll
-knownwr
it
ersoft
hatt
ime
swe
re:

J
ohnWe
bst
er,Be
nJons
on,Robe
rtBur
ton,Fr
anc
isBa
con,Ma
rst
on,Tour
neur
a
ndMi
ddl
eon(9).
t

4
2.TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi:Sour
ceoft
hePl
ay
Ge
ner
aly,TheDuc
l hes
sofMa
lfic
ons
ide
redt
obeJ
ohnWe
bst
er'
s
ma
ste
rpi
ece
.Iti
swor
kofge
niusa
ndoneoft
hegr
eat
estt
rage
die
sint
heEngl
is
h
l
angua
ge,out
si
deSha
kes
pea
re.

Thepl
aywa
swr
it
te
nla
tert
hanTheWhi
teDe
vili
n1612.Li
kemos
toft
he
ot
herpl
aywr
ight
sinEl
iz
abe
tha
nage
,We
bst
era
lsodi
dnoti
nve
ntt
hes
tor
ieso
fhi
s
pl
aysbuthef
oundt
hemi
nexi
st
ingpl
ays
,inpopul
art
radi
ti
onsori
npr
osena
rra
ti
ve.
We
bst
era
lmos
tce
rta
inl
yke
ptanot
ebooki
nwhi
chhej
ott
eddownt
hewor
dsof
ot
her
stha
timpr
ess
edh
imwi
tht
hei
nte
nti
onofus
ingt
hewor
dsl
at
erhi
mse
lfi
n
a
ppr
opr
iat
econt
ext(10).

TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfii
nsof
ar,a
sthema
ina
cti
oni
tcons
ide
red,i
sa
dr
ama
ti
zedve
rsi
onofe
vent
swhi
chha
sac
cur
edi
nIt
al
yaboutahundr
edye
ars
be
for
e.

We
bst
er'
ssour
cef
ort
hes
tor
yofhi
spl
ayTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfiwa
sthe
s
econdvol
umeofWi
ll
ia
mPa
int
ersPl
' aceofPl
eas
ure(
1567)
.Pa
int
err
ende
redt
he
s
tor
yfomTheFr
r enc
hofBe
ll
efor
est'
sHe
stor
iesTr
agi
que
s(1565)whi
chi
nit
s
t
urnpr
ese
ntsagr
eat
lye
xpe
nde
dve
rsi
onoft
heor
igi
nalt
al
e,
foundi
nMa
tt
ero
(1
1)
Ba
nde
ll
o'snove
ll
a(1554) .

5
3.TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfiCha
rac
ter
sLi
st

3.
1Ma
jorCha
rac
ter
s

 TheDuc
hes
s:t
hes
ist
eroft
heCa
rdi
nala
ndt
het
wins
ist
erofFe
rdi
nand
ha
sjus
tbe
enwi
dowe
dinhe
ryout
h,t
houghs
hepr
omi
seshe
rdomi
nee
ring
br
othe
rst
hats
hewon'
tre
mar
ri
ngbuts
hea
lmos
timme
dia
tel
ypr
opos
est
o
Ant
oni
o,ade
cis
iont
hatul
ti
mat
el
yle
adst
othede
str
uct
ionofhe
rent
ir
e
f
ami
ly.Shei
sst
rong-
wil
le
d,br
ave
,pa
ssi
ona
te,pr
ouda
ndl
ovi
ngwi
fea
nd
mot
her
.Int
heope
ningoft
hepl
ayAnt
oni
ospe
aksofhe
rina
ninc
redi
ble
vi
rt
uea
ndt
houghs
hema
rri
eshi
maga
ins
tcus
toma
ndhe
rbr
othe
rs'
whi
she
s.
He
rgoodne
ssa
ndvi
ta
li
tys
tandi
nst
arkc
ont
ras
ttohe
rbr
othe
rs'
evi
l.

 TheCa
rdi
nal:t
heDuc
hes
sandFe
rdi
nand'
sol
dbr
othe
r.Hei
sawor
ldl
y
a
nde
vilc
hur
chma
n.TheCa
rdi
nalofAr
agonr
epr
ese
ntsa
sac
olda
nd
c
alc
ula
tede
vil
,inc
ont
ras
ttohi
shot
-t
empe
redbr
othe
r.TheAr
agoni
an
br
othe
rsr
epr
ese
ntst
wot
ype
soft
heRe
nai
ssa
ncenobl
ema
n,TheCa
rdi
nali
s
t
hef
oxa
ndhi
sbr
othe
rist f(12).Hei
hewol sma
chi
ave
ll
ia
ncha
rac
terus
ing
t
hepowe
rofhi
spos
it
iont
otor
tur
eandc
ount
ert
heDuc
hes
s.Hel
oss
eshi
s
a
bil
it
ytoc
ont
role
vent
s,as
it
uat
ionBos
olae
xpl
oit
stoki
llhi
m.Hi
sde
athi
s
i
ronybe
caus
eheha
sfor
bidde
nhi
sfol
lowe
rst
oent
erhi
srooma
ndt
hey
t
houghthi
showl
sforhe
lpa
reat
estoft
hei
robe
die
nce
.

6
 Fe
rdi
nand:DukeFer
dina
ndi
sthebr
othe
roft
heCa
rdi
nala
ndt
het
win
br
othe
roft
heDuc
hes
s.Hedoe
sn'
twa
nthi
swi
dowe
dsi
st
ert
ore
-ma
rryi
n
pa
rtbe
caus
eofhi
spr
idea
ndgr
eedf
orhe
rwe
alt
h.I
tisFe
rdi
nandwho
pl
ace
sBos
olai
ntheDuc
hes
s'
sempl
oyme
nta
ndt
henhi
resBos
olat
ospy
onhe
rac
ti
vit
ie
s.Whe
nrumor
sre
ache
dhi
moft
heDuc
hes
spos
sibi
li
ty
gi
vingbi
rt
htoc
hil
dre
n,hi
sange
risove
rwhe
lmi
ngt
hathi
svi
ole
nt
out
rage
sabou
tthehor
ri
blewa
yshepl
anst
ore
vengehi
mse
lfonhe
rar
e
t
oomuc
h,e
venf
ort
heCa
rdi
nal
.Whe
nhef
indsoutt
hats
heha
sse
cre
tl
y
ma
rri
edAnt
oni
oandh
adt
hre
echi
ldr
en,hea
ctsde
cis
ive
ly:heha
she
r
i
mpr
isone
d,t
ort
ure
dandki
ll
ed.Upons
eei
ngt
heDuc
hes
s'
sde
adbod
y,
howe
ver
,hea
lmos
timme
dia
tel
yfe
elsr
emor
sea
ndhi
sgui
lte
vent
ual
ly
dr
ive
shi
mins
ane
:i
nhi
sma
dne
ss,hes
tabst
heCa
rdi
nala
ndki
ll
edby
Bos
ola
.

 Ant
oni
o:t
heDuc
hes
sse
cre
thus
band,doome
dbybot
hsoc
ials
ti
gma
a
ndt
heDuc
hes
s'
scr
azybr
othe
rs,bu
tbe
fort
hathewa
she
rst
ewa
rd.I
n
TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi,ourf
ir
sti
mpr
ess
ionofhi
mist
hathei
sas
tra
ight
guyi
nac
rooc
kedwor
ld.Hei
shone
st,ha
rdwor
kinga
nds
upe
rloya
lto
hi
smi
st
res
s,TheDuc
hes
s.The
sea
llt
hegoodqua
li
ti
ess
ofa
rbut
,th
erei
s
ba
dtoo.Ant
oni
odoe
sn'
tcomeof
fasbe
ingne
arl
yasas
trongpe
rsona
s
t
heDuc
hes
s:s
he'
sbol
d,s
trong-
wil
le
danda
blet
ocomewi
ths
che
mest
o
c
irc
umve
ntt
ohe
rbr
othe
rs.Al
lofqua
li
ti
eswhi
chba
sic
all
yla
cks
.Mor
e
oft
hathedoe
sn'
tsi
gna
smuc
hofdoe
r,e
veni
nthes
cenewhe
rehea
nd
Ca
riol
aar
ewa
tchi
ngFe
rdi
nanddr
awadi
gge
ront
heDuc
hes
sinhe
r
be
droom.

7
Hedoe
sn'
tcomec
ras
hingoutofhi
dingt
ode
fendhe
r,hes
taysba
cka
ndl
et
s
he
rha
ndl
eita
lone
.The
n,whe
nhee
mer
ges
,theDuc
hes
sst
art
sma
kingpl
ans
a
ndor
der
swhi
chhede
ftl
yobe
ys.

 Bos
ola:Bos
olai
sthes
pypl
ant
edb
yDukeFe
rdi
nanda
sthes
tabl
e
ma
ste
ratt
heDuc
hes
s'
ses
tat
e.Hei
sama
nwhoi
sus
edt
ododi
rt
y
wor
kingf
orot
her
s.Hei
sal
sor
epr
ese
nte
dasat
oolofwhi
cht
heCa
rdi
nal
a
ndFe
rdi
nandpe
rpe
tra
temos
toft
hei
revi
l.I
nhi
sat
te
mpt
stoga
in
a
dva
nce
mentheha
spe
rsi
st
ent
lys
oldhi
sse
rvi
cest
oevi
lme
nandi
n
s
ervi
ngt
hemwi
thl
oya
lt
yli
keagoods
oldi
erha
shi
mse
lfbe
comea
n
a
gentofe
vil(13).

Hei
shi
redbyFe
rdi
nandt
ospyont
heDuc
hes
swhomhes
erve
sas
ma
nage
rofhe
rhor
ses
.Hei
sli
kee
nigma
ti
cfi
gur
e,wi
ll
ingt
omur
derf
or
hi
rewi
thouth
esi
ta
ti
onbuta
tthee
ndoft
hepl
ayhi
srol
echa
nge
dtot
al
ly.

8
3.2Mi
norCha
rac
ter
s

 De
lio:Ant
oni
o’sf
ait
hfulf
ri
enda
ndhei
sint
hes
ames
oci
alc
las
s.
Tot
al
lyl
oya
l,hei
spr
ivyt
oAnt
oni
oandt
heDuc
hes
s’s
ecr
etma
rri
age
,
a
ndhel
ooksa
fte
rAnt
oni
o’ss
oles
urvi
vings
ona
tthee
ndoft
hepl
ay.
De
li
oisa
lsoaf
orme
rsui
torofJ
uli
a.

J
uli
a:Thewant
onwi
feofCa
str
ucc
ioa
ndmi
st
res
soft
heCa
rdi
nal
.
Shei
sfa
sci
nat
edbyBos
olaa
nde
nti
ceshi
mint
oana
ffa
ir.He
r
c
uri
osi
tyl
eadst
ohe
rde
athbypoi
soni
nga
ttheha
ndsoft
heCa
rdi
nal
.

 Ca
str
ucc
io:anol
dIt
al
ia
nlor
d,a
ndhi
sna
mei
sapunont
hewor
d
c
ast
rat
ed.
Thi
spuni
sfur
the
redb
ythef
actt
hatCa
str
ucc
io’
swi
fe,
J
uli
a,i
sha
vinga
naf
fai
rwi
tht
heCa
rdi
nal
.

 Ca
riol
a:TheDuches
s’sf
ait
hfulwa
it
ing-
mai
d.Shei
sloya
ltot
he
Duc
hes
s.Shes
har
est
hes
ecr
etoft
heDuc
hes
sandAnt
oni
o'
s
c
lande
sti
nema
rri
age
.

 TheChi
ldr
en:Thought
heya
renotna
meda
nddonots
pea
k,t
he
Duc
hes
s’st
hre
echi
ldr
ena
ppe
aro
nst
ageanumbe
roft
ime
s.Thet
wo
younge
rchi
ldr
enwi
ndupmur
der
ed,butt
heol
des
tsur
vive
sandunde
r
De
li
o’sc
ares
eemsl
ike
lyt
oinhe
rithi
smot
her
’swe
alt
handl
ands
.

9
4.TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi-Summa
ry

TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfii
sayoungwi
dowwhos
etwobr
othe
rs,Ca
rdi
nala
nd
Fe
rdi
nand,t
heDukeofCa
labr
iaa
rede
spe
rat
el
yanxi
ousl
ests
hema
rrya
gai
n.For
t
heywa
ntt
oinhe
rithe
rti
tl
eandhe
res
tat
es.The
irs
pyi
nhe
rhous
ehol
disBos
ola
,
he
rma
ste
rofhor
se.

TheDuc
hes
sfa
ll
sinl
ovewi
thhe
rst
ewa
rd,Ant
oni
oandma
rri
eshi
mse
cre
tl
y.
La
ter
,shes
ecr
etl
ybe
arsas
on.Theha
ppyf
athe
rwr
it
esoutt
hec
hil
d'
shor
osc
ope
,
a
ccor
dingt
other
ule
sofa
str
ologybutt
henhel
ose
sthepa
per
.Bos
olaf
indst
he
doc
ume
nta
ndl
ear
nsa
boutt
hec
hil
d.Hedi
spa
tche
sal
et
teri
mme
dia
tel
ytoRo
me
t
oinf
ormt
hebr
othe
rs.
TheDukes
wea
rst
hatonl
yhe
rbl
oodc
anque
nchhi
san
ger
a
ndhet
hre
ate
nst
hatonc
ehekn
owst
hei
dent
it
yoft
heDuc
hes
s'
slove
rhewi
llr
uin
he
rcompl
et
el
y.

Theye
arspa
sse
dandt
heDuc
hes
sbe
arsAnt
oni
otwomor
echi
ldr
en,as
econd
s
ona
ndada
ught
er.Ant
oni
ote
ll
shi
sfr
iendDe
li
otha
thei
swor
ri
ed,be
caus
eDuke
Fe
rdi
nandi
stooqui
eta
boutt
hema
tt
era
ndt
hepe
opl
eofMa
lfi
,nota
war
eoft
hei
r
Duc
hes
s'
sma
rri
age
,ar
eca
ll
inghe
rac
ommons
trumpe
t.

DukeFe
rdi
nandc
ome
stot
hec
our
ttopr
opos
eCountMa
lat
est
easas
econd
hus
bandf
ort
heDuc
hes
s.Sher
efus
es.Bos
olai
snota
blet
odi
scove
rthef
athe
rof
t
heDu
che
ss'
schi
ldr
en.I
mpa
ti
entwi
thhi
sinf
orme
r,t
heDukede
cide
sonabol
der
c
our
seofa
cti
on.Hede
ter
mine
stoga
ine
ntr
anc
etot
heDuc
hes
s'
spr
ive
tcha
mbe
r
a
ndt
her
etowr
ingac
onf
ess
ionf
romhe
r.Tha
tni
ght
,us
ingake
yBos
olagi
veshi
m,
t
heDu
kegoe
stohe
rbe
droom.
Unde
rhi
sthr
eat
sshec
onf
ess
eshi
mhe
rse
cond
ma
rri
agebuts
her
efus
est
ore
vea
lAnt
oni
o'
sna
me.

10
 TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi-Summa
ry

Af
tert
heDukel
eave
s,s
hec
all
sAnt
oni
oandhe
rloya
lse
rva
ntCa
riol
atohe
r
c
hamb
er.The
ypl
anAnt
oni
o'
ses
capef
romMa
lfibe
forhi
side
nti
tyc
anbe
come
knownt
otheDuc
hes
s'
sbr
othe
rs.Whe
ntheDuc
hes
sca
ll
sBos
olaa
ndt
el
lshi
mtha
t
Ant
oni
ofa
lsi
fi
eds
omea
ccount
s.Ass
oona
sBos
olal
eave
s,s
her
eca
ll
sAnt
oni
o
a
ndt
el
lshi
moft
hef
eigne
dcr
imeofwhi
chs
hea
ccus
edhi
mtos
hie
ldbot
hthe
ir
honor
s,a
ndt
henbi
dshi
mfl
eet
othet
ownofAnc
onawhe
ret
heywi
llme
etl
ate
r.

I
nthepr
ese
nceofBos
olaa
ndt
heof
fi
cer
sofhe
rgua
rds
hea
ccus
esAnt
oni
oof
s
tea
li
ngmone
yandba
nis
heshi
mfr
omMa
lfi
.Wi
thf
eigne
dindi
gna
ti
on,Ant
oni
o
r
epl
ie
stha
tsuc
hist
het
rea
tme
ntoft
hankl
essma
ste
r,a
ndhel
eave
sforAnc
ona
.
Whe
nthedupe
dBos
olauphol
dsAnt
oni
oina
nar
gume
ntwi
tht
heDuc
hes
s,s
he
f
eel
stha
tshec
ant
rus
thi
mwi
tht
hes
ecr
etofhe
rma
rri
agea
nda
skst
ota
kej
ewe
ls
a
ndmone
ytohe
rhus
banda
tAnc
ona
.Bos
ola
,inr
etur
n,a
dvi
ceshe
rtoma
kehe
r
ownde
par
tur
efr
omt
hec
our
t,mor
ese
eml
ybygoi
ngt
oAnc
onabywa
yoft
he
s
hri
neofLor
ett
osot
hatt
hef
li
ghtma
ylookl
ikear
eli
giouspi
lgr
ima
ge.

Bos
olai
mme
dia
tel
ytr
ave
lst
oRome
,whe
rehebe
tra
yst
hepl
anofAnt
oni
o
a
ndt
heDuc
hes
stoDuk
eFe
rdi
nanda
ndt
heCa
rdi
nal
.The
ythe
reuponpr
ompt
ly
ha
vet
hel
ove
rsba
nis
hedf
romAnc
ona
.Bos
olame
etst
heDuc
hes
sandAnt
oni
o
ne
art
heLor
ett
owi
thal
et
te
rfr
omt
heDuket
hator
der
sAnt
oni
otor
epor
ttohi
m,
s
inc
ehenowknowsAnt
oni
otobehi
ssi
st
er'
shus
band.Ant
oni
ore
fus
esa
ndf
lee
s
wi
thhi
sol
ders
ont
owa
rdsMi
la
nandBos
olat
ake
stheDuc
hes
sba
ckt
ohe
rpl
acea
t
Ma
lfi
,whe
reDukeFe
rdi
nand'
spr
isone
r.

11
 TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi-Summa
ry

AtMa
lfi
,theDukea
gai
nvi
si
tshe
rinhe
rcha
mbe
r,hepr
ese
ntshe
rwi
thde
ad
ma
n'sha
nd,i
mpl
yingt
hati
tisf
romAnt
oni
o'
scor
pse
.Fi
nal
ly,Bos
olac
ome
sand
s
tra
ngl
est
heDuc
hes
s.Ca
riol
aandt
hec
hil
dre
nar
eal
sos
tra
ngl
ed.Thoughnotwi
th
t
hequi
etdi
gni
tywi
thwhi
cht
heDuc
hes
sac
cept
edhe
rfa
te.Whe
nBos
olaa
sks
DukeFe
rdi
nandf
orhi
sre
war
d,t
hehypoc
rit
ic
alDukel
aughsa
ndr
epl
ie
stha
tthe
onl
yre
war
dfors
uchac
rimei
sit
spa
rdon.

I
nMi
la
n,me
anwhi
le
,Ant
oni
opl
anst
ovi
si
ttheCa
rdi
nal
'
scha
mbe
rdur
ingt
he
ni
ghtt
ose
ekar
ecogni
ti
onwi
tht
heDuc
hes
s'
sbr
othe
rs.Hei
nte
ndst
oappr
oac
hthe
Ca
rdi
nalbe
caus
eDukeFe
rdi
nan
dlos
eshi
smi
nda
fte
rca
usi
nghi
ssi
st
er'
smur
der
.
TheCa
rdi
nalor
der
sBos
olat
hes
amee
vini
ngt
ose
ekoutAnt
oni
o,whoi
sknownt
o
bei
nMi
la
nandmur
der
edhi
m,butBos
olat
urnsonhi
manda
ccus
eshi
mofh
avi
ng
pl
ott
edt
heDuc
hes
s'
smur
der
.Hede
mandshi
sre
war
d.whe
nar
ewa
rdi
saga
in
r
efus
ed,Bos
olade
cide
stoj
oinf
orc
eswi
thAn
toni
otoa
venget
heDuc
hes
s'
sde
ath.

Tha
tni
ghta
llpl
ansmi
sca
rry.I
ntheda
rk,Bos
olaa
cci
dent
al
lymur
der
s
Ant
oni
o,t
hema
nwhohope
dtoma
kea
nal
lyi
nhi
sre
vengeonFe
rdi
nanda
nd
Ca
rdi
nal
.Af
ewmi
nut
esl
at
er,Bos
olas
tabst
heCa
rdi
nala
bdi
sint
urns
tabe
dby
Fe
rdi
nand.Bos
olawi
thhi
sla
sts
tre
ngt
hst
absFe
rdi
nanda
ndt
heybot
hdi
e.A
c
our
ti
erl
eadst
heyoungs
onofAnt
oni
o,whomAnt
oni
otookt
oMi
la
n.Hei
s
pr
ocl
ai
medr
ule
roft
hel
andshe
ldbyhi
smot
hera
ndhi
sunc
les
.

12
5.TheRol
eofBos
ol nTheDuc
ai hes
sofMa
lfi
.

Bos
ola
'sc
har
act
eri
sne
xto
nlyt
otha
toft
heDuc
hes
sini
nte
res
tand
s
igni
fi
canc
e,s
ome
thi
ngve
ryi
mpor
tantt
oke
epi
nmi
ndwhe
nthi
nki
nga
boutt
he
Duc
hes
sofMa
lfii
nge
ner
ala
ndBos
olai
npa
rti
cul
ari
stheRe
nai
ssa
nces
oci
al
hi
era
rchy.Bos
olai
sthemos
tin
ter
est
inga
ndc
ompl
exc
har
act
eri
nthepl
ay.Hei
sa
(14
)
ma
nwhoha
sinhi
mse
lft
hepowe
rtodogood .

Whe
nwef
ir
stme
ethi
m,hei
scomi
ngof
foft
hes
eve
nye
arsa
saga
ll
ey-
sla
ve
f
ormu
rde
rshec
arr
iedoutf
ort
heCa
rdi
nal
,on
lyt
oha
vet
heCa
rdi
nalr
efus
eto
a
cknowl
edget
hat
,notonl
ydi
dBos
oladowha
thea
ske
dbutt
ookama
jorhi
tasa
c
ons
eque
nce
.Hehi
mse
lfi
nsi
stt
hatl
oya
lse
rvi
cei
stha
nkl
esss
oit
'
spr
ett
ywe
ird
t
hen,t
hatf
ort
hema
jor
it
yoft
hepl
ayBos
olac
lea
rlybe
li
eve
stha
twhe
nhewor
ks
l
onge
nougha
ndwe
lle
noughf
orFe
rdi
nand,Fe
rdi
nandi
sgoi
ngt
ore
war
dhi
m.But
he
rei
sthet
hing;Bos
olamor
etha
nhewa
ntsmone
yors
ecur
it
y,hewa
ntspl
acei
n
s
oci
et
y.Whe
nFe
rdi
nandof
fer
shi
mat
it
lewi
thi
nthec
our
t,hebe
comepowe
rle
ss
t
ore
sis
tthea
ll
ureofs
oci
als
igni
fi
canc
e.Hei
snowboundt
oFe
rdi
nanda
nd
be
come
shi
s"c
rea
tur
e"t
oavoi
dthe"
ingr
ati
tude
".

Asmuc
hashewa
ntst
obeapa
rtoft
hec
our
tl
ysoc
ials
truc
tur
e,Bos
olaa
lso
r
ese
ntshi
spa
rti
cul
arj
oba
sspyc
um-
ass
ass
in.
Thi
ste
nsi
ont
ie
sba
cki
ntoour
or
igi
nalpr
obl
emwi
tht
hisc
har
act
er;Howc
anama
nwhoc
ons
tant
lyt
al
ksa
bout
howmuc
hheha
test
hel
ying,c
hea
ti
ngol
derbr
othe
rst
hengol
iea
ndc
hea
tfort
hem?

13
 Aga
in,t
houghweknowBo
sol
a'
spos
it
ionhe
re.Hei
snow,a
nempl
oye
eand
mor
espe
cif
ica
ll
yhei
san"
int
el
li
genc
er"whi
chme
anst
hathi
sspyi
ng,de
cept
ion
a
nde
vena
ctsofmur
dera
ren'
tt
hepr
oduc
tsofhi
spe
rsona
li
tys
omuc
hast
heya
re
t
hepr
oduc
tsofhi
sempl
oy.

Bos
olaa
gre
est
ose
rveFe
rdi
nandi
nla
rgepa
rtbe
caus
ehi
sowni
dent
it
yiss
o
i
nse
cur
e-whoa
ndwha
thei
s?Ama
lcont
ent
?As
py?Adi
si
ll
usi
one
d?

Ant
oni
oha
stobet
heDuc
hes
s'
sse
cre
thus
bandwhi
lepr
ete
ndi
ngt
oeve
ryone
e
lset
hathei
sjus
the
rempl
oye
e.The
sepe
opl
eha
vei
dent
it
ie
scomi
ngoutoft
hei
r
e
ars
.Notonl
yar
emos
toft
hec
har
act
erspr
ete
ndi
ngt
othewor
ldt
obes
ome
thi
ng
t
heya
renot
,butt
heyt
hems
elve
sar
ewr
est
ingwi
thf
lui
dunc
ert
ai
ntyoft
hei
rrol
es
i
nsoc
iet
y.Tha
t'
sbe
caus
ethi
spl
ayt
ake
spl
acea
tat
imewhe
ntr
adi
ti
ona
lconc
ept
s
ofi
dent
it
ywe
reunde
rgoi
ngs
omema
jorr
enov
ati
ons
.Be
for
e,pe
opl
eha
dmor
eor
l
essbe
enbor
nint
othe
irl
oti
nli
fe,butnow,t
heya
rebe
ginni
ngt
obea
blet
osha
pe
t
hei
rownl
if
esa
ndl
ivehoods
.

UnaEl
li
sFe
r nTheJ
mori acobe
anDr
amapoi
ntsoutt
hatnotonl
yBos
olai
san
e
nigmaa
ndmys
ter
ytohi
sre
ade
rs,buthemus
tha
ver
ema
ine
dsot
ohi
mse
lff
orhe
doe
sn'
tknowwha
thea
ctua
ll
yst
andsf
ora
nds
eekst
oac
qui
rei
nli
fe.

14
 Bos
olaknowspe
rfe
ctl
ywe
llt
hatt
heCa
rdi
nala
ndFe
rdi
nanda
renotgood
me
n,a
ndwhe
nFe
rdi
nandof
fer
stopa
ytoBos
olat
ospyont
heDuc
hes
s,hei
s
a
bsol
ute
lya
gai
nstt
hei
dea(
ref
usi
ng,f
ort
her
ecor
d,t
hegol
dFe
rdi
nandof
fer
shi
m)
unt
ilFe
rdi
nandt
el
lshi
mtha
thei
sse
cur
edBos
olapos
it
ionbybe
ing"
provi
sorof
t
hehor
ses
"whi
chf
ory
ouri
nfor
mat
ioni
sabi
gge
rde
alt
hanyoumi
ghtt
hink-i
t'
s
pr
ett
ypr
est
igi
ouspos
it
ionwi
thi
nthec
our
t.Atwhi
chpoi
ntBos
olas
ayst
his
:

Iwoul
dha
veyouc
urs
eyour
sel
fnow,

t
haty
ourbount
y,

whi
chma
kesme
ntr
ulynobl
e,e
'er

s
houl
dma
ke

meavi
ll
ai
n.Oht
hatt
oavoi
dint
gra
ti
tud

f
ort
hegoodde
edyouha
vedoneme
,i

mus
tdo

Al
lthei
llma
nca
ninv
ent
!

(15
)
(
1.1.
273-
272)

I
nthi
squot
einpa
rti
cul
ar,Bos
olai
sbe
ingf
orc
edi
ntoapos
it
ionwhe
reh
e
f
eel
stha
theha
stope
rfor
m"a
llt
hei
llma
nca
ninve
nt"t
opa
yba
ckFe
rdi
nandf
or
hi
s"goodd
eeds
"ofl
andi
ngBos
olat
hepr
ovi
soroft
hehor
sesj
ob.Bos
ola
r
ecogni
zes
,though,t
hatt
heor
igi
nals
oci
alnobi
li
tyi
sgoi
ngt
otur
nhi
mint
oa
t
err
ibl
epe
rson,be
caus
ehei
sno
wboundt
odoa
lloft
hist
err
ibl
espyi
ng-
mur
der
s
tuf
ftohonort
her
ela
ti
ons
hipt
hatFe
rdi
nandha
sini
ti
at
edbydoi
nghi
mthi
s
pr
ovi
soroft
hehor
sesf
avor
.

15
 6.Hi
sse
tofr
ole
s:

Bos
olac
anbede
scr
ibe
dasac
onvi
nci
ngc
har
act
era
sunl
ikes
omei
fthec
har
act
ers
i
nthepl
ay,hi
sopi
nion
sandpr
inc
ipl
esc
hanget
hroughouti
t.The
ref
orec
ons
tant
ly
a
ler
ti
ngt
hea
udi
enc
e'sf
eel
ingsa
bouthi
m.Hei
stheonl
ycha
rac
tert
ocommuni
cat
e
t
othea
udi
enc
evi
asol
il
oquy,di
vul
ginghi
str
uet
hought
sandi
nte
nti
onswhi
ch
of
tendi
ff
erf
romhi
sout
war
dsa
ppe
ara
nce
,ma
kinghi
mps
ychol
ogi
cal
lyr
eal
is
ti
c
a
ndi
nte
res
ti
ng.Al
sot
hiswoul
dsugge
sthei
sac
onvi
nci
ngc
har
act
er.Hef
all
sint
o
s
etofr
ole
soft
heJ
acobe
ant
rage
dy;
mal
cont
ent
,sa
ti
ri
sta
nda
venge
rwhi
chwewi
ll
e
xpl
ai
nthe
minde
tai
l.

 Bos
olaa
sma
lcont
ent
:Themal
cont
enti
sac
ert
ai
ncha
rac
tert
ype
t
hate
mer
gesi
nja
cobe
anr
eve
nget
rage nTheDuc
dy,i hes
sofMa
lfi
,
t
hisi
sthec
har
act
erofBos
ola
.Ama
lcont
entc
anbei
dent
if
iedbyanumbe
r
oft
rai
ts
.Hei
sdi
scont
ent
edpe
rson,ar
ebe
l,di
saf
fec
ted,s
ati
ri
cala
nd
me
lanc
hol
ic
,be
rea
vedordi
spos
ses
seda
ndde
tac
hedf
roma
nof
tenc
orr
upt
s
oci
et
ybyhi
sgr
ieva
nce
s,hea
lsoha
skn
owl
edgea
bdi
nte
ll
ige
ncewi
thout
s
tat
us.

Thei
nit
ia
lpr
ese
nta
ti
onofBos
olai
nthef
ir
sts
cenei
fthepl
ayc
ert
ai
nlydoe
sagr
ee
wi
tht
hisde
scr
ipt
ionoft
hema
lcont
ent
.Ant
oni
ode
fine
shi
masa"
bla
ck
ma
lcont
ent
"whos
e"f
oulme
lanc
hol
ywi
llpoi
sona
llhi
sgoodne
ss"
.Wes
eehi
m
ma
kings
arc
ast
icr
ema
rks
,be
ingc
rit
ic
alofc
our
tandc
hur
ch,f
eel
ingbi
tt
era
fte
rhi
s
i
mpr
isonme
nti
nthega
ll
eysa
ndhes
eemspe
rce
pti
ves
howi
nghi
sint
el
li
genc
e
de
spi
tel
ackofpos
it
ioni
ntheSoc
iet
yofMa
lfi
."Hei
sama
lcont
entme
dia
tora
nd
hi
sre
fle
cti
onsonl
if
e,s
cat
te
reda
llove
rthepl
ay"(16).

16
Bos
olaa
sanAve
nge
r:I
nther
eve
nget
rage
dy,t
heobj
ect
soft
hemur
dera
re
of
tenbe
tt
era
res
oca
ll
edr
eve
nge
rs.Whe
nFe
rdi
nandr
efus
est
opa
yBos
ola
,the
l
at
te
rre
ali
zeshi
sgui
lt
,hebe
come
save
nge
randhede
cide
stowor
ksa
san
a
veng
erf
ort
hemur
deroft
heDuc
hes
s.

Bos
olas
tar
tst
hepl
ayof
fwi
thbe
comi
ngas
pya
ndt
henki
ll
stheDuc
hes
s,s
o
a
nyonewoul
dbe
li
evet
hatAnt
oni
oist
heonewhowi
llt
aker
eve
ngef
orhi
swi
fe.
Bu
tac
tua
ll
ythi
sdoe
snotha
ppe
n,Bos
olaki
ll
sAnt
oni
obya
cci
dentwhi
let
ryi
ng
t
oki
llt
heone
sre
spons
ibl
efort
heDuc
hes
s'
sde
ath,i
nawa
yBos
olai
str
yingt
o
ga
inr
eve
ngef
roms
omt
hingt
hathehi
mse
lfha
sdone
!La
teri
nthepl
ay,wes
ee
t
hatBos
olai
str
ulyavi
ct
imo
fbe
ingus
edl
ikeat
ool
,hewa
sus
edt
oki
lla
nd
t
henwa
snotr
ewa
rde
d.

Thet
rans
for
mat
ionswes
eeBos
olaunde
r nTheDuc
goi hes
sofMa
lf
c
ompl
ic
ate
sthei
deaofr
eve
ngec
ompa
redt
oot
herpl
aysweha
ver
ead,be
caus
e
whi
leweknowr
eve
ngei
sbe
ingt
ake
nwea
renots
urewhot
her
eve
ngei
sbe
ing
t
ake
non.Whi
leBos
olas
tar
tsof
fasavi
ll
ai
nwhof
eel
snor
emor
sef
orbe
ing
ki
ll
er,buta
sthepl
aypr
ogr
ess
eswebe
gint
ose
ehi
smor
esor
rowf
uls
idea
she
f
eel
sgui
lt
yasbe
ingr
espons
ibl
eforki
ll
ingt
heDuc
hes
sandt
hena
cci
dent
al
ly
ki
ll
ingAnt
oni
o.

17
Hi
sbe
tte
rna
tur
e:

Bos
olai
sthemos
tcompl
expe
rsoni
nthepl
ay,a
ndi
nma
nyr
espe
ctst
hemos
t
i
nte
res
ti
ng.Hei
ses
sent
ia
ll
yagoodma
nbuthedoe
snotr
eal
iz
ehi
sown
goodne
ss,i
nthepl
ayhea
ctst
her
oleofvi
ll
ai
n,hea
ppe
arst
obeavi
ll
ai
nand
pi
ti
le
ssmur
der
er.Hei
snotr
eal
lyba
dma
nbutc
irc
ums
tanc
esc
ompe
lhi
mto
be
comet
hatwa
y.Heha
dsuf
fer
edmuc
hfr
ompove
rtys
ohec
annotr
efus
ea
t
empt
ingof
fer
.

nTheDuc
I hes
sofMa
lfi
,Bos
olapl
aysar
oleofas
pya
ndmur
der
erbuta
tthe
e
ndoft
hepl
ayhepl
aysar
oleofnobl
eanda
venge
r.Fore
xampl
e,i
fwel
ook
de
epe
rinhi
scha
rac
terwewi
lldi
scove
rtha
thedoe
sha
vehi
sownt
hought
sand
c
ons
cie
ncea
fte
rbe
ingr
espons
ibl
efort
heDuc
hes
s'
simpr
isone
d.Het
ri
est
ofi
x
hi
sgui
ltbyt
el
li
ngt
heDuc
hes
stha
the
rhus
bands
ti
lla
li
ve.TheDuc
hes
s
r
eac
ti
ona
tthegi
ftoft
hede
adma
n'sha
nda
ndt
hes
ightofwha
tshebe
li
eve
sto
bet
hec
orps
esofhe
rhus
banda
ndc
hil
dre
n,move
shi
mtoputa
nendt
othi
s
c
rue
lt
y.Hee
vende
cla
rest
hathewi
lle
venc
hangehi
ssha
peonl
ytoc
omf
orthe
r.
Dr
.Ra
ghukulme
nti
one
dtha
t"Thegr
iefoft
hei
mpr
isone
dDuc
hes
stouc
heshi
s
he
arta
ndhef
indsi
nitabe
aut
yandma
jes
tywhi
cha
renotber
esi
st
ed"(17).
Thi
s
s
howst
hathehi
mse
lfagoodma
neve
nwi
thhi
sungr
ate
fula
cti
ons
.

18
Conc
lus
ion

I
npur
elyl
it
era
lse
nse
,Bos
ola
'sr
olei
stha
toft
hehi
reda
ssa
ssi
n,mor
e
f
unda
ment
al
ly,her
epr
ese
ntst
her
epe
nta
nts
inne
rbyt
hee
ndoft
hepl
ay.He
move
sfr
ompe
rfor
mingc
old-
bloode
dac
tsofmur
ders
impl
yformone
yto
c
omme
nta
ti
ngonvi
ole
ncea
nde
vil
.Hedoe
snott
urngooda
lt
oge
the
r,a
nddi
es
i
nmi
ser
yandc
onf
usi
on.Buthi
smovet
owa
rdsr
epe
nta
ncet
hrowsi
ntoas
har
p
r
eli
eft
hegr
eat
ervi
ll
ai
nyoft
heCa
rdi
nala
ndFe
rdi
nandpa
rti
cul
arl
ythef
orme
r.

19
 EndNot
es

(
1)Dr
.Ra
ghukulTi
lk,TheDuc
a hes
sofMa
lfi
,(Ne
wDe
lhi:
RamaBr
othe
rs,

2004)
,p.1

(
2)I
bidp.2

(
3)I
bidp.5

(
4)Ne
i ng,Not
lKi esonTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi
,(Be
irut:
Longma
nYor
kPr
ess
,

1982)
,p.1

(
5)Que
enEl
iz
abe
th:Que
enofEngl
anda
ndI
rel
andf
rom17Nove
mbe
r
1558unt
ilhe
rde
athonMa
rch1603.Some
ti
mesc
all
edt
hevi
rgi
nQue
en,s
he
wa
sthel
astmona
rchoft
hehous
eofTu
dor
.

(
6)Sa
int:ape
rsonwhoha
sdi
eda
ndha
sbe
ende
cla
redaSa
intby
c
anoni
zat
ion.

(
7)Ki
ngJ
ame
sI:(
19J
une1566-
27Ma
rch1625)
,theonl
ychi
ldofMa
ry,
Que
enofSc
ots
,wa
ski
ngofEngl
anda
ndI
rel
andf
rom1603,
bee
ingt
hef
ir
st
mona
rchoft
heh
ous
eofSt
uar
ttor
ulea
llt
hre
ecount
ri
es.

(
8)Wi
kipe
dia
.

(
9)Thoma
sMa
rkPa
rrot
tandRobe
rtHa
mil
tonBa
l,As
l hor
tvi
ewof

El
iz
abe
tha
nDr
am,(
NewYor
k:TheSc
ribne
rLi
bra
ry,1958)
p.21
0

20
(
10)Ne
i ng,Not
lKi eonTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi
,(Be
irut:
Longma
nYor
kPr
ess
,

1982)
,p.
37

(
11)I
bidp.36

(
12)Thoma
sMa
rkPa
rrot
tandHa
mil
tonBa
l,As
l hor
tvi
weofEl
iz
abe
tha
nDr
ama
,

(Ne
wYor
k:Th
eSc
ribne
rLi
bra
ry,195
8),p.235

(
13)Sa
idbyUnaEl
li
sFe
r nTheJ
mori acobe
anDr
ama
.

(
14)Dr
.Ra
ghukulTi
lk,TheDuc
a hes
sofMa
lfi
.(Ne
wDe
lhi:Ra
maBr
othe
rs,

2004)
.P.92

(
15)J
ohnWe
bst
er,TheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi(
textbook)(
1.1.273-
272)
.

(
16)Dr
.Ra
ghukulTi
lk,TheDuc
a hes
sofMa
lfi
,(Ne
wDe
lhi:Ra
maBr
othe
rs,

2004)
.P.91

(
17)I
bidP.92

21
 Re
fer
enc
es

Br
adb
rook,M.C.( .The
1966) mesa
ndConve
nti
onofEl
iz
abe
tha
nTr
age
dy.

Fi
rstpa
per
-ba
cke
dit
ion1960
.London:
Cambr
idgeUni
ver
sit
yPr
ess
.

Ki
ng,Ne
il
.( .Not
1982) esonTheDuc
hes
sofMa
lfi
.Be
irut:

Longma
nYor
kPr
ess
.

Le
et,Le
onor
a.(
1971)
.El
iz
abe
tha
nLoveTr
age
dy.London:

Uni
ver
sit
yofLondonPr
ess
.Ne
wYor
kUni
ver
sit
yPr
ess
.

Ma
rk,Thoma
sandHa
mil
ton,Robe
rt.(
1958)
.As
hor
tvi
ewofEl
iz
abe
tha
nDr
ama
.

Ne
wYor
k:YheSc
ribne
rLi
bra
ry.

Mc
Ali
ndon,Y.( .Engl
1986) is
hRe
nai
ssa
nceTr
age
dy.Hong-
Kong:

TheMa
cMi
ll
anPr
essLTD.

Ti
la
k,Ra
ghukul
.( .TheDuc
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22