REPORT OF HAZARD IN PILING OPERATION

AT SITE CONSTRUCTION OF
PECK CHEW PILING (M) SDN BHD

By
Index No: ELS 1265
IC No: 911224-14-6517

Safety and Health Officer Examination

Paper IV Part 1: Workplace Assignment

 Page No.

1.0 Abstract .................................................................................................... 3

2.0 Introduction .............................................................................................. 6
3.0 Objective ................................................................................................... 10
4.0 Methodology ............................................................................................. 12
5.0 Result and Discussion ............................................................................... 20
6.0 Recommendation ...................................................................................... 25
7.0 References ................................................................................................. 32
8.0 Appendix ................................................................................................... 34

2
ABSTRACT

3
1.0 ABSTRACT

It is important to create a comfortable working environment so that workers will not feel

exhausted and stressed in places where they have to spend hours. The objective of this paper

is to provide practical advice on the piling operation that should be controlled in order to

prevent accidents and work related disease.

Workplace assessment was conducted at Peck Chew Piling (M) Sdn Bhd site

construction. Piling is the very basis of construction, the essential support needed for any kind

of structure. It is a technique that sets deep foundations for any form of construction work,

such as buildings.

In others,this assessment is to identify safety hazard and health hazard that present in

the piling activities, to conduct risk assessment and to estimate and evaluate risk and hazard

being identified. This assessment has been conducted at IJM site. Hazard Identification and

Risk Assessment method was adopted at workplace are hoped to improve the workplace

design and environment while aiming to minimize the existing problems related to safety and

health hazards.The method being used for identification of hazard was through observation

and inspection, interview and document review. Six types of hazard identified were as

follow:-

No Hazards identified Type of hazard

1 Falling of spun pile Safety Hazard

2 Stuck finger between spun pile Safety Hazard
3 Fire and explosion Safety Hazard
4 Potential to cause electrical shock Safety Hazard
5 Expose to fumes and gases Health Hazard
6 Noise exposure Health Hazard

4
Based on the assessment has been conducted, total hazards has being identified is 6

hazards which is 4 Safety Hazard and 2 Health Hazard. The most critical hazard for

Safety Hazard is Falling of spun pile. While the most critical hazard for Health Hazard

is expose to fumes and gases.

Risk control recommended for this assessment includes engineering control and

administrative control. Risk control for Highers Safety Hazards includes inspection by

the competent person check the pile lifting equipment. Risk control for Highers Health

Hazards includes the limitation the number of working hours per day also do rotation

system. Through this assessment, hopefully the management will take some action in

order to improve quality of safety and health at the workplace.

5
INTRODUCTION

6
2.0 INTRODUCTION

Peck Chew Piling (M) Sdn. Bhd. formerly know as Tan Pek Chu Piling which founded

in 1975 by Mr. Tan Pek Chu at Johor Bahru that carry out timber and bakau piling using A-

Frame. We are then cooperated in 2004 at central region Malaysia and actively involve in

foundation construction works for various type of building or for infrastructure across

peninsular Malaysia. Now, East Malaysia operation office is functioning since 2010.

In line with company fast growing, we are now equipped with big scale Bored Piles

machines from BAUER, SOILMEC and JINTAI with up to 1800mm diameter and 54.0m

meter depth.

Under the directorship of Board of Director, who has been actively involved in

foundation construction field for more than 30 years, with their in depth knowledge,

experience and wide con-tacts in this industry, we trust that the company will be lifted to

another platform as comparing to other player in this industry.

We had been in the forefront of many others piling contractor in general piling works.

As Today, we had completed projects with total value more than one (1) billion

(RM1,000,000,000.00).

7
2.1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

PROJECT DIRECTOR
Ng Nyok Kong

TECHNICAL DIRECTOR
Tan Wei Keat

PROJECT MANAGER
Victor Lim

Quantity Surveyor SAFETY MANAGER

Faezah Nizal Yusof

HSE SUPERVISOR
Hafizuddin Azfar

Figure 1 shows the Organizational Chart of Peck Chew Piling (M) Sdn Bhd

8
2.2 WORKPLACE ASSESSMENT

Peck Chew Piling Company (M) Sdn. Ltd. was selected for the job in the workplace.

The company has experienced as a contractor for more than 40 years in the field of pilings

building in peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak chaired by T.K Tan has 100 permanent

employees and 200 contract workers.

In Selangor the company has opened branch at Johan Setia, Klang. Among the on

going projects include the installation of piles in the construction area at the Klang valley. The

project was chosen as the task is one of the projects that are in development areas of :

PROJECT: THE CONSTRUCTION AND COMPLETION OF WEST COAST

EXPRESSWAY FOR PACKAGE WORKS FOR SECTION 3,4,5,8 & 9

SC/WCES5/2015/007: SPUN PILING WORKS FOR BRIDGES (NNKSB INTERCHANGE

TO KAPAR INTERCHANGE) – SECTION 5

9
OBJECTIVE

10
3.0 OBJECTIVE

The workplace is a place where someone works. Accidents at work can be avoided if the

safety elements and prevention take at the workplace . Therefore, precautions must be taken

to ensure all workers safety is assured.

Among the objectives are:

1. To Identify safety hazards and health hazards that present in the piling activities

2. To conduct risk assessment on safety and health hazards

3. To estimate and evaluate risk and hazard being identified

4. To fullfilled the requirement for SHO paper IV

11
METHODOLOGY

12
4.0 METHODOLOGY

Several method has been carried out during the process of identifying hazard at the working
area.

4.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

There are few methods to identify the hazards. Three methods had been used for the hazard

identification during piling operation.

1. Documentation Review and Reference

 This method is one of the basic methods to identify hazards in workplace.

 In reviewing of documentation, it involved in safety article, previous accidents reports,

accidents and near miss statistic.

 Beside review the documentation, such matters shall be make reference to legal

requirements such as Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, Environment Act

1974, Factories and Machineries Act 1967, regulations, guidelines, code of practice,

standards, data and so on. In this way, it helps to identify the hazards that exist in the

system, the processes, and the procedures.

2. Observation, Walk around Inspection and Monitoring

 Besides the documentation analysis and reviewing, observation of the work

conditions, the way employees working, the state of machinery, equipment, tools and

materials used in work process, and finally the work procedures is being followed

shall be done.

13
  Besides observation towards the workers and workplace, continual and periodical

inspection and monitoring of the employees and the workplace environment are

required and needed. They are able to identify the hazards that exist or circumstances

that may lead to the risk of accidents.

 Checking is also performed on work processes and procedures to ensure that

employees comply with the regulations. In addition, new hazards are able to identify

and control measures are able to put in place.

3. Through questionnaires distributed to workers

This method is carried out by distributing questionnaires at random to be filled by

workers who are more experienced. This method allows the employees to inform which

hazard they identify. This makes it easier implementation of hazard identification based on

information that has been obtained.

14
4.2 RISK ASSESSMENT METHOD

Risk means the combination of probability applicable to the severity of an accident or mishap

in the magnitude and hazard classification according to priority. It may be conducted in a

qualitative, quantitative and semi-quantitative.

Qualitative analysis usually use the word to describe the magnitude of the potential

severity of the severity and probability of occurring. This scale can be adapted and modified

to suit the conditions which may vary between a risk than other risks. This method requires

high expertise and experience to categorize the level of probability and severity of an event.

In the semi-quantitative analysis, qualitative scale as described above will be rated.

The objective is to get a more detailed than those available for the qualitative analysis.

Analysis of quantitative also be assessed in terms of the numbers in determining the

severity and probability that usually evaluated through data from sources record of accidents

and also from reports of scientific studies. Severity rate can also be assessed through a pattern

of events that never happened before or survey data from the past event. Something usually

evaluated in terms of the severity of the financial, technical, affects humans or other criteria.

The severity and probability levels can be determined depending on the types of risk and how

the sources of information for the risk assessment was used.

15
4.3 THE PROBABILITY OF OCCURANCE OCCUR

This is assessed on the probability of occurring event. For example, "What is the probability

of such incidents occurred in times past?" To determine this, it can be carried out based on the

experience of the workers themselves, and also the size of the data analysis. The probability

level can be divided into several levels, from the level of "likely to happen" to the extent "can

not be expected".

Table 4.0 below shows the rate of likelihood.

LIKELIHOOD (L) EXAMPLE RATING

Most likely The most likely result of the hazard/ event being 5
realized
Possible Has a good chance of occur and is not unusual 4

Unusual but possible Might be occur at sometime in future 3

Unlikely Has not been known to occur after many years 2

Very unlikely Is practically impossible and has never occured 1

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4.4 SEVERITY RATE

The severity of a hazard can be divided into five categories. The severity level is assessed
based on the level of an individual's health, environment and property.

Table 4.1 below shows the rate of severity.

SEVERITY (S) EXAMPLE RATING

Catastrophic Numerous fatality, irrecoverable property damage 5

and productivity
Fatal Approximately one single fatality major property 4
damage if hazard is realized
Serious Non fatal injury, permanent disabilities 3

Minor Disabling but not permanent injury 2

Negligible Minor abrasions, bruises, cuts, first aid type 1

injuries

17
4.5 RISK ASSESSMENT

Risks can be assessed in a variety of ways to communicate the results of the analysis and the

decision making process for risk control. For risk assessment using qualitative methods in

determining the probability and severity of an event, the decision easier and more effective if

presented in the form of a matrix. Risk can be calculated using the following formula:

(L) = Likelihood

(S) = Severity

Relative Risk (RR) = Likelihood (L) X Severity (S)

SEVERITY (S)
LIKELIHOOD Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic
(L) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Almost certain
5 10 15 20 25
(5)
Likely
4 8 12 16 20
(4)
Possible
3 6 9 12 15
(3)
Unlikely
2 4 6 8 10
(2)
Rare
1 2 3 4 5
(1)
Table 4.3 below shows the Relative Risk

Legends:

High

Moderate

Low

To determine the risk based on the matrix, we need to identify the level of severity

of a major source of risk. Followed by the probability of occurrence of the incident. With this

level of risk can be assessed from the confluence of rows and columns.

18
Table 4.4 below can determine the action to take after we take into account the risks that have

been determined from the matrix table.

RISK
RISK LEVEL DESCRIPTION
SCORE
Categorized as high risk requires immediate action to

control the hazard as defined in the hierarchy of control.

15 - 25 HIGH
The actions taken should be documented in the form of

risk assessment, including the date of completion.

Moderate risk requires a planned approach to controlling

hazards and applying temporary control if necessary. The

5 - 12 MODERATE
actions taken should be documented in the form of risk

assessment, including the date of completion.

Classified as low risk is still considered acceptable and

may not need to remove the action. However, if the risk

1-4 LOW
can be resolved promptly and efficiently, have to be taken

and recorded.

Table 4.4 Risk Assessment

Hazard categorized as "high risk" should be deal with promptly to avoid more mishaps

occur in addition to avoid more damage to property and the environment. Each individual

should be responsible for the actions to be taken include always follow up.

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RESULT AND DISCUSSION

20
5.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

From the observation and identification of hazards at work, the risks that may occur has been

assessed using risk assessment methods. Risk of hazard, the hazard is divided into two,

namely the safety hazard and a health hazard.

5.1 Hazard Identification and Risk Rating

The table below shows the 4 types of safety hazard and 2 type of health hazard highest was

identified.

No Hazard Likelihood Severity (S) RISK Priority

(L) (R=LxS)

1 Falling of spun pile 3 4 12 1

2 Stuck finger between spun 3 3 9 2

pile

3 Fire and explosion 3 3 9 3

4 Potential to cause 3 3 9 4
electrical shock

No Hazard Likelihood Severity (S) RISK Priority

(L) (R=LxS)

1 Expose to fumes and gases 4 3 12 1

2 Noise exposure 3 3 9 2

Table 5.0 Safety and Health Hazard

21
5.2 Hazard Risk Rating

Type of Hazard No Hazard

1 Falling of spun pile
2 Struck finger between two object
SAFETY
3 Fire and explosion

4 Potential to cause electrical shock

1 Expose to fumes and gases

HEALTH
2 Noise exposure

Table 5.1 Hazard rating by the level of risk

5.3 Discussion On the Critical Hazard

5.3.1 Safety Hazard

The most critical safety hazard during work joining spun pile is a falling of spun pile. This

hazard is identified through observation and interviews with employees who were involved

directly or indirectly with the work done by the day. Through the study of this hazard, it was

found that among the factors contributing to the occurrence of this hazard is because there are

no periodic inspections that must be carried by competent person. Therefore, the likelihood of

'3' is selected in the table is very rational and hazard if the safe work are not practiced

accidents can result in death, property damage may occur in the future.

The periodic inspection is intended to check the pile lifting equipment. Among the

equipment involved is wire rope, singel block, hooks, shackle, pulleys and winding drum not

in order. These inspection can be done daily inspection by Operator and within seven days

working also must done by a qualified person in terms of knowledge and experience.

22
 These checks can be carried out by the Safety Officer or Safety Supervisor on duty at

the construction site. In others, slinging method must be train to workers that involve before

lifting spun pile. The safe, good and practise method is “Double Wrap Choker Hitch”

i) The impact on workers

a. Fatalities or serious injuries.

b. Bodily impaired .

c. Loss of income.

d. Mental stress or trauma.

e. Needed help from others.

f. The suffering caused by the accident.

g. The work environment becomes unsafe area.

ii) Impact on employers

a. Stop work orders (Stop Work Order) from DOSH or the Developer (Consultant).

b. Have to bear excessive costs as a result of the accident hidden costs.

c. Day of uninterrupted work.

d. Is likely to be fined by DOSH.

e. Low company image

f. Waste of time, effort and cost due to stop work order

23
5.3.2 Health Hazard

Health hazard that can be categorized as high risk is gas and fumes inhalation. Welding

smoke is a mixture of fine particles (fumes) and gases such as Carbon Dioxide (CO), iron

oxide fumes, nitrous gas, manganese and other gases resulting from work crimes welding.

Emanating from combustion and fluid flux of welding electrodes and other gases emanating

from primary metal or primary metal layer. Acute exposure to welding fume and gases can

result in eye, nose and throat irritation, dizziness and nausea. Prolonged exposure to welding

fume may cause lung damage and various types of cancer, including lung, larynx and urinary

tract. Health effects from certain fumes may include metal fume fever, stomach ulcers, kidney

damage and nervous system damage. Prolonged exposure to manganese fume can cause

Parkinson’s like symptoms.

i) The impact on workers.

a. Experiencing the body's internal problems.

b. Loss of income.

c. Daily life disrupted.

d. Mental pressure.

e. Had to expect help from others.

ii) Impact on employers

a. Have to bear the costs.

b. The working process is interrupted.

c. Likely in fines by DOSH

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RECOMMENDATION

25
6.0 RECOMMENDATION

Control measures is an important step for a risk assessment. Each risk assessment

made deemed unsuccessful if no steps are taken to control a hazard from dangerous

circumstances. Hazard to be controlled through its sources (in which a problem can occur).

The most effective control is the control that can eliminate or reduce risks as minimum as

possible for a particular hazard.

A wise decision is needed in selecting the best risk control in order to protect the

safety and health at work. The best measure for controlling risk is based on the following

hierarchy of control. Controlling exposures to occupational hazards is the fundamental

method of protecting workers. Traditionally, a hierarchy of controls has been used as a means

of determining how to implement feasible and effective control solutions.

26
 6.1 Hierarchy of Control

PREVENTIVE DESCRIPTION EFFECTIVENESS

MEASURE
Elimination of hazards associated with the
MOST
work, the use of the goods, the use of the
Elimination EFFECTIVE
machine, and it is the best control to protect
workers.
Involves replacing something that produces
Substitution a hazard (similar to elimination) with
something that does not produce a hazard
Isolate hazardous item, substance or
Isolation
unrelated to the employee and the job itself.
If hazard elimination or substitution is not
feasible, engineering controls should be
considered next.
Engineering control
Engineering controls are physical changes to
the work area or process that effectively
minimize a worker's exposure to hazards.
Administrative controls are changes to the
way people work. Examples of
Administrative
administrative controls include procedure
control
changes, employee training, and installation
of signs and warning labels
Personal protective equipment is used as a
last resort when all of the control measures LEAST
Personal protective
that are not appropriate. It is also used as a EFFECTIVE
equipment (PPE)
tool for reducing the risk of additional
protection while working.

Table 6.1 Hierarchy of Control

27
6.2 Hierarchy List Control for Safety Hazard

Hazard: Falling of Spun Pile.

No. Control measure Recommendation
1. Elimination No
2. Substitution No
3. Isolation No
a) Warning signs need to be placed during the work process
is underway.
b) The work area should be limited by placing barricades,
4. Engineering control
only the person concerned is in the work area.
c) Conduct periodic inspection of lifting equipment before
start work
a) Ensure that employees follow safe work procedures
manual (SOP).
b) Supervision of the movement of machinery and work
processes during the work performed shall be held.
c) The supervisor should explain the assignment description
and monitor employees during the work process run.
5. Administrative control d) Training shall be given to each employee involved. Only
qualified persons are allowed to operate machinery and
the work involved.
e) Workers perform tasks using the "buddy system" so
friends can monitor the task being performed.
f) The use permit for any work involving machinery and
permits should be canceled after completion of the work.
Personal protective a) Use the appropriate PPE (safety helmet, safety vest with
6.
equipment (PPE) bright colors and safety shoes, safety glasses)

28
6.3 Hierarchy list control for health hazard

Hazard: Exposed to gas and fumes during welding

No. Control measure Recommendation
1 Elimination No
2. Substitution No
3. Isolation No
4. Engineering control No
a) Ensure that employees are not always exposed to welding
fumes or gas by limiting the number of working hours per day
also do the job rotation system.
b) Ensure that employees follow safe work procedures manual
5. Administrative control
(SOP) with the initial training.
c) Ensuring that employees always do the housekeeping every
time after carrying out the work. Separating work clothes
before returning home.
a) Use a suitable safety equipment such as face masks or any
Personal protective
6. respiratory equipment, eye protection when doing arc welding
equipment (PPE)
activities.

6.4 Revised Measures

Each control has been discussed for safety and health hazards which require critical review of

measures to ensure its effectiveness in reducing the risk. Among the measures that could be

implemented are as follows:

a) The safety and health committees should play a role in monitoring and reviewing all of the

proposed control activities to ensure that the recommendations made had a positive effect in

reducing existing risk. Hazard monitoring can be done regularly, periodically or whenever.

29
b) Each review that conducted must be recorded and documented. This is important when

making a comparison with the records of the past and also compared with the improvement of

controls in the future.

c) Need to reviewed safe work procedure (SOP) if the proposed measures are not in

accordance. Safe work procedures is a step that allows employees to safely handle the job

despite existing hazard can not be controlled. Safe work procedures to identify the needs of

equipment and materials, and when and how to use a safe method.

d) To obtain feedback and suggestions from employees whether the proposed measures have

a positive impact or not. This is because, the workers themselves are more exposed to the

risks of existing

6.5 Benefits from Recommendations and Revision Control Measures

There are many benefits and advantages that can be obtained from endorsements and control

measures undertaken primarily to employers and employees under his charge.

Here are the benefits and advantages to the employer:

a) With the control of the risks to safety and health hazards, employers can reduce the risk of

major accidents, incidents, property damage, occupational diseases and so on.

b) Reduce the cost of accidental loss such as medical costs, the cost of repairing the machine,

the cost of loss of product, loss of time and loss of productivity of labor.

c) To enhance the image of the company when customers feel confident with the level of

safety and quality and good health in addition to improving productivity.

30
d) to meet legal requirements under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, Section 15 (1) -

General duties of the employer to ensure, so far as practicable, the safety, health and welfare

at work of all his employees.

6.6 Advantages and benefits to employees:

a) With a safe working environment, employees will be more confident and feel secure ability

to carry out daily work activities without any problems.

b) Employees can cultivate ways of working safely if employers are concerned about safety

and health at work.

c) Improve morale and increase the confidence level of employees to work in this company.

31
REFERENCES

32
7.0 REFERENCES

7.1 Book references :

1. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 1994 AND REGULATIONS

2. FACTORIES AND MACHINERY (BUILDING OPERATIONS AND WORKS OF

ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION) (SAFETY) REGULATIONS 1986

7.2 Website references :

1. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). HIRARCHY of

controls. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hierarchy/

2. A Guide to Managing Safety Piling Work and Foundation Engineering Sites Industry

Standard. http://afsolutions.com.au/wp-content/uploads/WorkSafe-Vic-piling-works-industry-

standard-Jan-2014.pdf

3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Welding, cutting and brazing.

https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/weldingcuttingbrazing/hazards.html

4. Department of Labor. Health and Safety in Welding.

http://www.worksafe.govt.nz/worksafe/ information-guidance/all-guidance-items/welding-

health-and-safety-in/welding-dol10157.pdf

5. Safety and Health the Official Magazine of the NSC Congress and Expo. Piling On Safety.

http://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/piling-on-safety-2

33
APPENDIX

34
 SAFETY TOOLBOX MEETING

Photo above shows the conducted of daily toolbox meeting

Monthly Grand Toolbox meeting conduct by IJM.

35
 SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING

Monthly Health, Safety and Environment meeting.

Internal HSE meeting conducted after HSE meeting IJM

36
 ON JOB TRAINING BASED ON JOB SEQUENCE

On Job Training for safe lifting operation.

On Job Training for inspection lifting gear use for lifting pile for joining.

37
 ON JOB TRAINING BASED ON JOB SEQUENCE

On Job Training for Safe Operation for Welding

Demonstrate on the safe and right position for welder while welding spun pile for jointing.

38
 INSPECTION OF PILING MACHINE

Inspector by third party do every 6 month, while Daily inspection, Weekly inspection and
monthly inspection done by Safety Officer.

Inspection of the lifting gear with certificate.

39
 LIFTING OF SPUN PILE AND INSERT INTO HAMMER CAP

Piling machine Nissha model DH508-105M are use.

“Double Wrap Choker Hitch” use for slinging wire rope method at spun pile for lifting.

40
 LIFTING OF PILE AND INSERT INTO HAMMER CAP

Photo above shows the liftings of spun pile

Lifting spun pile and insert into hammer cap. Falling spun pile can happen from failure lifting
gears.

41
 SPUN PILE LOCATED FOR JOINTING

Clean mud at the bottom spun pile before located and jointing spun pile

Adjustment spun pile for parallel position must do in teamwork.

42
 WELDING ACTIVITY FOR JOINTING SPUN PILE

Demonstrate to welder on how to use welding sheild correctly.

Photo above shows the welding activity on the spun pile

43
 Work Process : Jointing of spun pile
SAFETY HAZARD
1. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION LEGAL & 2. RISK ASSESSMENT 3. RISK CONTROL
No Work Hazard Effect OTHER Likelihood Severity Risk Recommendation
REQUIREMENT
activity (L) (S) (R=LxS)
1 Lifting of Falling of pile -Accident/ BOWEC1986, 4 3 12 -Only competent person can operate pile rig
pile and due to poor permanent or Reg machine.
insert into maintenance of temporary 125(Inspection) -Periodic inspection of lifting equipment by
hammer cap lifting gear. injured worker competent person.
-Death -Hold a briefing on piling machinery operators
-Property on the risks of their work before starting work.
damage -Constantly monitor and supervision during the
lifting work
-Marking the work area to avoid danger to
other workers from entering the area.
2 Joint Struck finger -First aid OSHA 1994, Sec 3 3 9 -Use a full leather gloves
extension between pile treatment are 15(1),Sec 24(1) -Work in group (Buddy Systems).
pile to due to lack of required BOWEC1986,
Reg128(Safe
another focusing -Cut off finger
Operation)
point. during work. -Fingers maybe
injured/ crush
3. Welding on Fire or -First aid 3 3 9 -Prepare employees to view and monitor the
the spun pile explosion treatment are welding work. Fire extinguisher must located
surface for during welding required during welding.
FMA 1967 Sec13
joining work -Burn on the -Ensures welding work area does not have
skin combustible materials such as wood, paint.
-Property -Do housekeeping each time after welding is
damage complete.

44
4 Welding on Electrical -First aid BOWEC 1986, 3 3 9 -Prepare employees to view and monitor the
the spun pile shock during treatment are Reg16(9) welding work. Make sure all equipment and
surface for welding work required (Electric) tools n dry condition.
joining -Burn on the -Do not work in bad weather (rain).
skin -Ensure the flow of earth wire is properly
-Property installed.
damage -Ensures welding work area does not have
combustible materials such as wood, paint.
-Do housekeeping each time after welding is
complete.

45
 Work Process : Jointing of spun pile
SAFETY HAZARD
1. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION LEGAL & 2. RISK ASSESSMENT 3. RISK CONTROL
No Work Hazard Effect OTHER Likelihood Severity Risk Recommendation
activity REQUIREMENT (L) (S) (R=LxS)
1 Welding on Prolonged -Potential to OSHA 1994, Sec 4 3 12 -Use appropriate respiratory protection with
the spun pile exposure with cause a lung 15(1),Sec 24(1) welding work (respirators).
surface for toxic fumes disease (asthma, -Do the job rotation
BOWEC 1986,
joining (heavy metal) Pneumonia) -Provide a proper ventilation during welding
Reg14
and gases due -Irritation of work
to poor throat and lung
ventilation
2 Lifting pile Noise hazard -Physical and EQA 1974, Sec 23 3 3 9 -Use appropriate ear protection (ear plug or ear
and insert into due to standing psychological muff)
hammer cap nearest with stress, reduce OSHA 1994, Sec -Do the job rotation
15(1),Sec 24(1)
piling rig productivity,
machine interfere with Factory and
communication Machinery
and Regulation (Sound
concentration Expose)5(1)
-Permanent
hearing loss

46