READING AND WRITING SKILLS

LAS 11

PRACTICE TASK 1:
1. C
2. A
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. B

PRACTICE TASK 2:
1. C
2. W
3. W
4. W
5. W
6. C
7. W
8. W
9. C
10. W

PRACTICE TASK 3:
ABSTRACT

This study’s aim to know the coping mechanism of students with low socio – economic
status and its effect to their academic performance among Grade 11 students. Students with low
socio – economic status usually work after school and do the homework early in the morning.
Along with this, socio – economic status is not a hindrance in education. In fact, the results show
that students we’re able to pass the activities and assessment in every subject with a few of
remedial. Time management is a key to balance work and studies.

GENERALIZATION:
1. For me, the part of the research report that requires more time to write is the Discussion
that includes the findings and conclusion. It is because you need to thoroughly study the
respondent’s answers before you come up to your discussion. You need to analyze and
interpret the data.
2. The most crucial part of research report is the Literature since the literature review
provides the background to your study and demonstrates the significance of the proposed
research.
Perception of Students
towards
Guidance
and Counseling

APIN

Researcher
 INTRODUCTION

Guidance and Counseling is a profession that involves the use of an integrated approach to
the development of a well – functioning individual primarily by helping an individual in
accordance with his/her abilities, interests and needs (RA 9258). This law basically states that
“No person shall engage in the practice of guidance and counseling without a valid
Certificate of Registration and a valid Professional Identification Card or a Special Permit”
and that “no corporation, partnership, association or entity shall operate a guidance and
counseling office.
Secondary school students and teachers have various attitudes regarding guidance and
counselling services. These impressions influence whether or not people seek guidance and
therapy services. Perceptions influence their behavior, academic performance, and daily lives.
According to the Kajiado District Students' Discipline Committee Report, the persistence of
indiscipline and many social ills in secondary schools in Ngong and Ongata Rongai Zones in
Kajiado County, Kenya, such as drug and substance abuse, strikes, teenage pregnancies, and
poor performance in national examinations, indicate that secondary school students are not
seeking guidance and counselling services (KDSDCR, 2008). It is the persistence of these social
ills, indiscipline and poor performance among students in these zones that led to this study to
establish the perceptions of both teachers and students towards the guidance and counselling
services.
The Comprehensive Guidance and Counseling Program is envisioned to produce holistic
learners who are well – rounded, empowered, and globally competitive, with strong sense of
values and who are also able to partake in and contribute to nation building (DepEd, 2020). A
teacher counselor's primary interest is the growth and development of all students. Students, and
will strive to cultivate whatever positive attributes exist in the individual. The counselor uses the
student-counselor connection to give an adult model for the development of self conceptions and
meaningful activities such as orientation, in which more mature student leaders can contribute to
the development of confidence and self-esteem. Self-confidence in others there are also specific
programs for the development of social skills. Offered to satisfy the needs typical of this stage of
adolescent development finally, the counselor uses the school society or culture to encourage
consistent attitudes. With respect to mental health practices (Bier, 1965). Both teachers,
according to Makinde (1994), and parents should be aware of it. It is when the needs of this age
group are not adequately provided for that the problems of indecision, uncertainty, delinquency,
ambiguity, conflicts, instability, unpredictability, alcoholism, career muddle and hindered
heterosexuality issues surface. Guidance and counselling services are provided to students to
help find solutions to their many problems. Makinde (1994) further argues that guidance helps in
giving direction to the achievement of developmental tasks of adolescents.
Counseling, on the other hand, aids in the prevention of frustration and the restoration of
self-understanding. And educate on the duties required for healthy adolescent development
Counseling is primarily focused with an individual's value, knowledge of numerous facets of
progress, and assisting an individual  comprehend himself or herself and his or her surroundings
As a result, it creates favorable conditions for  healthy growth and correction of unsuitable
behavior (Makinde, 1994).  Counseling services are thus required in secondary schools where the
adolescent stage is present.  Its peak Students must identify their aims and ideals at this stage, as
well as develop their relationships.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to Birichi and Rukunga (2009), guidance and counseling is a long-standing

practice. Long period and had been passed down from generation to generation the concepts of
guidance and counseling are intertwined. Distinct yet overlapping meanings they are inextricably
linked and cannot be separated from one another. Mutie and Ndambuki (2002) also observed that
the concept that humans are fundamentally self-determining creatures.  That is, they were born
with an innate yearning for independence and autonomy, as well as for Self-destruction meant
that humans had the potential to decide their own destiny and be entirely autonomous. They are
accountable for their actions. It was stated that students understand the role of guidance
counselor but not much on the service (Lee et al, 2019).
According to the Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004, counseling in the Philippines,
similar to how it is defined in the United States, is a “profession that involves the use of an
integrated approach to the development of a well-functioning individual primarily by helping
him/her to utilize his/her potentials to the fullest and plan his/her present and future in
accordance with his/her abilities, interests, and needs” (2004). The functions of a guidance
counselor enumerated in this law are counseling, psychological testing, learning and study
orientation, research, placement, referral and group processes, and teaching guidance and
counseling courses. With appropriate advocacy, communication, and collaboration with allied
professionals and the general public, using counseling services will become less stigmatized
(Tuason, et al. 2011).
According to Were (2006), guidance gained momentum in the twentieth century
especially in America as a reaction to change process in an industrialized society. However,
Oyaziwo, Adriana and Maureen (2005) quoting Odebunmi (1985) assert that counselling really
began in Africa contrary to the belief that counselling began in the United States of America. It
dates back to the origin of humans. They go on to say that this traditional “counselling” was
essentially based on the principles of “to guide, direct on a course, enlighten or assist”.

DISCUSSION

Among the Senior high school students 20 out 30 responded that the function of guidance
and counseling is only to discipline or provide sanctions to students who have done wrong but no
specific service was provided by respondents. Also, only 5 out of 30 responded that the guidance
provide several professional help for students who need psychological help.
 CONCLUSION

The following conclusions were drawn from the research questions

and the findings of the study: Both students and teacher counselors face the challenge of
inadequate time in accessing and offering services respectively. All the challenges that are faced
hinder the students from accessing the services besides preventing teacher counselors from
offering effective services. It needs further implementation and dissemination of information
with regards to counseling. Most of the students were not aware about counseling and if the
school offers it or not. Students must be inform about it and know their rights as student and
what could be benefits of it.

RECOMMENDATION

The following issues emerged from the research and were recommended for further studies:
1. The role of peer counselors in guidance and counseling programmes in secondary schools
2. The effectiveness of peer counselors in the guidance and counseling programmes
3. Ways of motivating teacher counselors.

REFERENCE

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2004/03/02/republic-act-no-9258/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
263731178_Counseling_in_the_Philippines_Past_Present_and_Future
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1102862.pdf