9 Important civil Concrete Test, Types of Concrete tests with

Procedure

Various Types of concrete tests

Concrete consists of hard inorganic materials called aggregate such as
gravel, sand, crushed stone, slag, etc. Basically, it is a mixture of
aggregate and cement- water paste role to bind the aggregate to form a
strong rock-like mass after hardening as a chemical reaction between
cement and sand. High compressive strength and is usually more
economical than steel. Some tests are used for concrete.

Types of concrete tests

Various methods are available to gauge the workability of fresh
concrete.

Slump test concrete test

This test is most commonly used, due to the simplicity of the
apparatus and the test procedure. Concrete is filled is the standard
slump cone which consists of a vessel in the shape of a frustum of a
hollow cone.

Test procedure of slump cone test

 The inner surface of the mould is cleaned thoroughly.
 The mould is placed on a smooth horizontal dry surface.
 Concrete is filled in the slump cone in a layer of 80 mm
thickness.
 Each layer is compacted with 25 strokes using a rod 600 mm
long and 16mm in diameter.
  After filling the mould with concrete, the concrete struck off
to level using a trowel.
 Any mortar leaked out between the mould and base plate is
wiped out.
 Now the mould is carefully lifted upward vertically leaving
the concrete.

Slump cone test, Procedure, types of concrete tests

Limitations of slumps test

1. There exists no direct relation between workability and the

slump value.
 2. The tests is unsuitable for concrete whose maximum size of
coarse aggregate exceed 40mm.
3. At times slump in many shapes and it may not be possible to
find the correct value of the slump.

Vee-bee consistency test

This test is specifically suitable for stiff concrete mixes of low or very
low workability. This test has the advantage that the concrete
subjected to the test receives similar treatment as in actual practice.

Apparatus

 Vibrating table
 Hollow frustum of a metal cone.
 Cylindrical container.
 Rod glass plate

Procedure

 The slump mold is filled with concrete in three layers.

 The glass plate rider is brought to the level so as to just touch
the top of the cone when swung. Vertical scale reading at this
level is noted.
 The cone is lifted up and the slump of concrete is found
noting 4he reading in the vertical scale as the glass plate rider
is brought in level with the top of slumped concrete.
 The vibrating table is set to motion and the vibration is
continued until the whole concrete spread out in the
cylindrical container.
 The interval of time taken for the concrete to spread out fully
is noted.
Compaction factor test –
Compaction of concrete is the process of removal of air bubbles,
which are entrapped in the concrete, to gives maximum density to the
concrete. This test is developed to estimate the workability of
concrete. There is a three-vessel in this instrument. One is the
cylindrical vessel, while the others are hopper type.

These are arranged one above the other like that, hopper B is placed
below hopper A cylindrical vessel C is placed below hopper B. Vessel
A is filled with a sample of concrete.

The hinged door which is provided at the bottom of vessel A is

opened out so that, the concrete falls into hopper B after this hinged
door of vessel B is opened so that the concrete will fall into the
cylinder.

Compaction factor = W1/W2

Water Permeability test

A water permeability test determines the durability of concrete. Three
cubes determine the durability of concrete. Three cubes shall be taken
from fresh concrete and tested in accordance with 28 days test Age.
This kind of test shall be ten form substructure concrete elements like
foundation, concrete water tank, retaining wall, etc. The frequency of
the water permeability found.

Rapid chloride ion penetration test

Like the water permeability test, this is also one of the tests to
determine the durability of concrete. Three cubes shall be taken from
fresh concrete delivered on-site and tested at 28 days’ age.
Also, Read:- Gradient on Roads and 6 Types of Road Gradient in
Highway engineering

Water Absorption test

The water absorption test determines the durability of concrete. The
three cube samples shall be taken from the tank for 28 days 24 hours
the concrete sample would be demoulded and it will be sent directly
to the approved third-party laboratory to ensure its curing. The size of
the cube sample is 150 mm.

Initial surface Absorption test

The water permeability test, Rapid chloride ion Penetration test.
Water absorption test, and the initial surface absorption test to
determine the durability of concrete. To determine its ability to resist
weathering action, Chemical attack, and any process of deterioration.

Aslo Read:- Hirakud Dam In India Information, Advantages,

Accident

Requirements of good concrete

 The aggregate should be hard and durable.

 The aggregate shall be properly graded in size from fine to
coarse.
 Cement should be of sufficient quantity to produce the
required water- tightness and strength.
 The water used while mixing shall be free from organic
material or any deleterious minerals.
 The quantity of water should be such as to produce the needed
consistency.
 Mixing should be done thoroughly so as to produce
homogeneity. (Types of concrete tests)
Grades of Types of concrete tests
In construction certain standard mixes alone are used. A set of the mix
for concrete should be well defined either in terms of the proportion
of cement, fine, and coarse aggregate in terms of the 28 days
compressive strength requirements.

1:3:6 mix – for mass concrete dam

1:2:4 mix – for general RCC work

1:1.5:3 mix  for front faces of dam water work column

1:1:2 mix for piles (Types of concrete tests)

Shearing strength of concrete

Ec= 5000 fck n/ mm2

Flexural strength

Fcr = 0.6 fck n/mm2

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Grouting and…
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 Types of concrete test| civil concrete tests
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