Completion Technology

➢Basic completion components,

➢Completion types.
Completion phase:-well development prepared for production after drilling is
completed.
Temporary completion:- (DST) well temporarily produced to gain reservoir data for
future development of the field.
Completion types evolving with drilling methodology (horizontal wells / multi-lateral).

Completion factors:
❖temperature,
❖pressure,
❖effluent type/characteristics,
❖reservoir type/characteristics,
❖expected productivity and so on.
Completion impacts well productivity potential

Eruptive wells:- sufficient bottom hole pressure(BHP) to provide energy

required to transmit effluent to surface.

Possibility for wells to become non-eruptive/depleted taken into account.

Non-eruptive wells require “artificial lift” methods to give extra energy to drive
the effluent to surface( “nodding donkey pump”/sucker-rod pump /gas lift/
electrical submerged pumps: need specialized equipment ).
Completion Components
➢ Production Tubular
➢ Packers
➢ Flow Control
➢ Subsurface Safety Systems
➢ Ancillary Components.

Completion components = F(well eruptive/nonerupti ve).

Production Tubular
Production tubing:- tubing type depends on :-
➢ Reservoir Fluid
➢ Presence of corrosive agents – H2S, CO2 etc.
➢ Well Deliverability
➢ Pressure/Temperature.
1. Steel grade.
2. Tubing size
3. Pressure seal/Connection
Production Packers
o Seal between production tubing and casing
o Isolate casing from corrosive reservoir fluids
o Enable selective production (several producing zones).
Types
➢ Permanent.
o High pressure differential
o Extreme environments.
➢ Retrievable (Hydraulic)
➢ Tension set,
➢ Compression set,
Flow Control (strategically placed within tubing string).
➢ Landing Nipples
o No-Go (non-selective)
o Selective (universal).
➢ Sliding Side Door
· Circulating well to kill it (workover)/circulating completion fluids.
· Selective testing/treating in a single string multi-zone well.
· Gas lifting in the absence of proper gas lift mandrels.
· Multi-string completions for selective production.

➢ Subsurface Safety Systems

o Subsurface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valves - (SSCSSV)
o Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valves - (SCSSV)
❑ Wireline Retrievable
❑ Tubing Retrievable.
➢ Ancillary Components
Wireline Entry Guide: {placed at the bottom of tubing string (assist
entry back into tubing (slickline/wireline tools)}
Blast Joint;- Multiple string completions(extra thick joint of tubing
designed to withstand the external erosion forces or blast from
adjacent perforations.
Flow Couplings : placed above and below safety valves or restrictions
within the tubing(extra thick short joints of tubing to withstand internal
erosion created by turbulent flow from restrictions).
Completion string
➢ Single string (single packer).
Simplicity (reliability /Less components )
(Several packers isolating hydrocarbon zones to
selectively produced through SSD).
➢ Dual string completion
Two production tubing strings run(one
string producing a lower zone and other, an
upper zone with a packer isolating the two).
➢ Concentric string completions,
➢ Triple string completions, etc.
➢ Variety of combinations can be
tailored to each reservoir.

➢ Completion Techniques
➢ Openhole Completions.
· No possibility for selectively producing or treating different zones.
· Limited control of water or gas encroachment.

➢ Casedhole Completions.
Completion Types
· Natural (perforated).
· Stimulated(“acid frac”).
o Hydraulic Fracturing.
o Acidizing.
· Sand Control.
➢ Hydraulic Fracturing
· Pre-fracturing treatment.
· Fracture initiation and breakdown
· Fracture extension.
· Proppant injection.
· Cleanout and production.
❖ Acidizing: repair formation damage
caused by drilling/ perforating operation.
❖ Acid frac jobs:- Expense of acid fluids
and non uniform leak-off resulting in
“wormholes.”
performed on carbonate reservoirs.

Extreme Overbalance Perforating (EOP) :

Stimulate formation in wellbore region.
1. Build up very high pressures in wellbore by
pressuring up with nitrogen in tubing-much
higher than formation breakdown pressure.
2. Desired pressure reached, formation
exposed to this pressure by perforating
casing.
3. Compressed nitrogen drives stimulation fluid
across perforations into formation.
 COMPLETION TYPES
OPEN HOLE CASING PRODUCTION LINER PRODUCTION GRAVEL PACKED
PRODUCTION PRODUCTION

No downhole flow Producing zone(s)

Similar to casing Dictated by
control or isolation hydraulically isolated
production but with formation type,
possible by casing cement savings associated selectivity of
Unsupported producing More options for with shorter casing treatment and
formation selective treatment string and smaller subsequent
and isolation hole diameter isolation difficult
through reservoir
 OPEN ENDED PACKER WITH NIPPLES,
PACKER WITH PERFORATED SLIDING SLEEVE AND
(SUSPENDED) TUBING BASIC PACKER
TAIL PIPE SAFETY VALVE
PRODUCTION PRODUCTION

Production
safety valve

Downhole
Isolation
(plug)

Downhole
Instrumentation
(gauges)

Well kill capability but no Well kill capability when Downhole Isolation (plugs)
control of annular fluid packer is released above and below packer
level and possible Circulate through sliding sleeve
exposure to corrosion without packer release

Casing string protected from corrosion and production stresses by inhibited packer fluid
 INTERVAL SEGREGATION
MULTIPLE
ZONE

CONCENTRIC STRINGS
NUMBER OF ZONES COMPLETED

MULTIPLE STRING
TWIN STRING DUAL COMPLETION
SINGLE STRING DUAL COMPLETION
SINGLE ZONE

INTERVAL CO-MINGLING
STANDARD
ELECTRIC SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
COMPLETION CONSIDERATIONS

PLUNGER LIFT
ARTIFICIAL
LIFT

GAS LIFT
MODE OF PRODUCTION

HYDRAULIC PUMP
ROD
HIGH RATE LINER
FLOWING (SINGLE
STRING)

HIGH PRESSURE
TEMPORARY,SIMPLE LOW COST
TUBINGLESS

PERFORATED
INTERFACE BETWEEN WELLBORE

INTERNAL GRAVEL PACK

CASING
PERFORATED
AND RESERVOIR STANDARD

LINER
EXTERNAL GRAVEL PACK

UNCEMENTED
RESIN INJECTION

LINER
WIRE WRAPPED SCREEN

OPEN
HOLE
SLOTTED PIPE