pH

TDS – Total Dissolved Solid

COD- Chemical Oxygen Demand
BOD-Biochemical Oxygen Demand
TSS-Total Suspended Solids
VOC- Volatile Organic Chemicals
Filtration Ultrafiltration Reverse Osmosis
Type Membrane filtration Membrane filtration
Size Pore size of 0.002 to 0.1 microns Pore size of 0.0001 to 0.0005
microns
Target capable of removing bacteria, remove up to 99.9% of total
some viruses, suspended organic dissolved solids (TDS)
matter and a small amount of
minerals
Membrane Hallow fiber membrane-bigger Semipermeable membrane-
pore size smaller pore size
Discharge No waste water Produces constant waste water
while in operation
Installation Storage tank not required Almost requires a storage tank
for constant supply
Cost $150-$200 upfront installation cost $300-$600 upfront installation
cost
Maintenance Membrane replacement more Membrane replacement every 2
frequent year
Pros Retains healthy minerals (doesn’t Removes most contaminant,
filter out calcium, magnesium), makes water safe to drink, long-
removes microscopic term savings
contaminants, can operate with
low pressure
Cons Doesn’t remove viruses, can’t filter Can’t operate with a low water
out dissolved ions pressure, water could taste flat,

Summary Removes solid molecules while
retaining healthy mineral ions
produces wastewater
Thoroughness removal of
contaminants with added
benefits from extra filters (pre,
carbon, post)

Project: Tertiary Treatment Water System for Polo Brewery

Effluent Properties:
PH – 6.5-9.0
TDS – 1500 PPM MAX
COD – 100 PPM MAX
BOD – 50 PPM MAX
SILICA – 35 PPM MAX
CALCIUM AS ION – 21PPM
MAGNESIUM – 7 PPM
ALKALINITY AS CACO3 – 800 PPM
TSS – 100 PPM MAX

Targeted Filtrate Properties:

98% REMOVAL OF IONS

PH – 6-7
TOTAL HARDNESS 0 PPM
BACTERIA < 1
TASTELESS, ODORLESS AND CLEAR
COLIFORM – 0