EXPERIMENT #3:

SPOTTING EFFECT,
SOLUBILITY, TEST
FOR SATURATION,
AND ACROLEIN TEST
Presented By: GROUP 3
POINTS TO BE DISCUSSED:
• Introduction to Lipids.
• Objectives of the Experiment.
• Procedures of the Experiment.
• Results of the Experiment.
• Discussion of the Results.

GROUP 3
PRESENTERS
OF THE
GROUP
GROUP 3
 PRESENTERS

FERRER, Maria GERVACIO,

Valerie P. Trine Nichole A.

GROUP 3
 PRESENTERS

GOMEZ, Jana GRUSPE,

Ellena D. Jennielyn T.

GROUP 3
 PRESENTERS

IÑIGO, Kean JIMENEZ, Jissele

Kate P. Christine D.

GROUP 3
PRESENTERS

WEE, Ayanna
Shea M.

GROUP 3
INTRODUCTION
TO LIPIDS
Presented By: JIMENEZ, Jissele

GROUP 3
 INTRODUCTION TO LIPIDS
WHAT ARE LIPIDS?
- Lipids are one of the most occurring
biomolecules that are insoluble in water
solvents and soluble in nonpolar solvents like
alcohol and acetone, which are composed of
hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon.

JIMENEZ, Jissele
 INTRODUCTION TO LIPIDS
2 MAIN CLASSIFICATION OF LIPIDS:
1. SAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS
- These are the lipids that undergo hydrolysis to
yield two or more smaller products.

2. NONSAPONIFIABLE LIPIDS
- These are the lipids that do not undergo
hydrolysis in a basic solution.
JIMENEZ, Jissele
 INTRODUCTION TO LIPIDS
WHERE DO LIPIDS OCCUR?

- Lipids can also occur in many specific

types: fatty acids, precursor and derived
lipids, complex lipids, and simple lipids
(BYJU’s, 2022).

JIMENEZ, Jissele
 INTRODUCTION TO LIPIDS
VITAL ROLE OF LIPIDS IN ORGANISMS:

1. PROTECTION AND INSULATION

2. MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

3. REGULATE SOME OTHER PROCESSES IN THE BODY

4. STORAGE OF ENERGY FOR LATER USE

JIMENEZ, Jissele
OBJECTIVES
OF THE
EXPERIMENT
Presented By: GERVACIO, Trine

GROUP 3
 OBJECTIVES OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT:
-To detect the presence of lipids in lipid-like materials or
samples based from the result in the form of grease and
translucent spots.

B. SOLUBILITY:
-To determine the solubility of lipids in various solvents to
check whether it is miscible or immiscible in polar or
nonpolar solvents.

GERVACIO, Trine
 OBJECTIVES OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST):
-To indicate the amount of double bonds present
in lipid samples.
-To identify the alkene and alkane functional
groups that are present in the compound.
D. ACROLEIN TEST:
-To detect the presence of fats or glycerin in
lipid samples
GERVACIO, Trine
 PROCEDURES,
RESULTS, AND
DISCUSSION OF
THE
EXPERIMENT

GROUP 3
 A.
SPOTTING
EFFECT
Presented By: GOMEZ, Jana
&
GRUSPE, Jennielyn
PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT:
1. Obtain a piece of filter paper from the counter. With a
pencil, draw five circles and write the names of your
samples beside each circle.

2. Place a drop of vegetable oil and the 4 other suspected

lipid-like materials (solid samples must be dissolved in 1.0
mL methylene chloride before being tested) within each of
the labeled circular areas.

GRUSPE, Jennielyn
PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT:

3. Allow the spots to dry. When dry, hold the

filter paper against the light and note the
presence of translucent spots. Record your
observations.

GRUSPE, Jennielyn
 A. SPOTTING EFFECT
WHAT ARE THE EXPECTED RESULTS IN TEST?
• POSITIVE RESULT – a translucent spot or grease is
evident in the used filter paper sheet.

• NEGATIVE RESULT – no translucent spot or grease is

evident in the used filter paper sheet.

GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 1):

GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 2):

BEFORE AFTER
GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 3):

BEFORE AFTER
GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 4):

GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 5):

GOMEZ, Jana
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
A. SPOTTING EFFECT (GROUP 6):

GOMEZ, Jana
 A. SPOTTING EFFECT
SAMPLES USED IN THE TEST:
• ALOE VERA GEL • PETROLEUM JELLY
• CREAM • SUNSCREEN
• LECITHIN CAPSULE • VEGETABLE OIL
• LIP BALM • WAX
• LOTION

GOMEZ, Jana
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
A. SPOTTING EFFECT:

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6

- CREAM - VEGETABLE - VEGETABLE - VEGETABLE - VEGETABLE -LOTION

- PETROLEUM OIL OIL OIL OIL - ALOE VERA
JELLY - LIP BALM - PETROLEUM - LOTION - HAIR WAX GEL
Positive - HAIR WAX - LOTION JELLY - HAIR WAX - HAIR WAX
Result (+) - VEGETABLE
OIL
- SUNSCREEN
- HAIR WAX
- LOTION
- CREAM
- CREAM
PERFECTOR
- VEGETABLE
OIL
- CAR WAX - LECITHIN
CAPSULE

Negative - LOTION
-CREAM
CORRECTOR
- SUNSCREEN
- LOTION
Result (-) - DAY CREAM
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
A. SPOTTING EFFECT:
Based upon the learning material produced by BYJU’s
(2022), it stated that the expected results fall under a
positive and a negative side. Wherein, the positive side
indicates that the presence of lipids in the provided
sample is confirmed by the formation of a transparent
spot. On the negative side, the presence of lipids does not
exist when a transparent spot is not formed within the
filter paper sheet utilized.
GRUSPE, Jennielyn
 B.
SOLUBILITY
Presented By: GERVACIO, Trine
&
JIMENEZ, Jissele
 PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY:
1. Prepare 4 clean and dry test tubes. Label as
“water,” “methylene chloride,” “ether,” and
“toluene” accordingly.

2. Place 1.0 mL of these solvents into their

respective containers.

3. In each tube, add 3 drops of vegetable oil and

mix thoroughly.
JIMENEZ, Jissele
 PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY:

4. Compare the solubility of vegetable oil in the

different solvents.
5. Repeat the above procedure using an drop of
lecithin from a soft gel capsule instead. Pierce
the gel capsule with a pointed object, e.g., a
needle or copper wire.
JIMENEZ, Jissele
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 1):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 2):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 3):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 4):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 5):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
B. SOLUBILITY (GROUP 6):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
B. SOLUBILITY:

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6

VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:
VEGETABLE OIL:
NOT MIXED NOT MIXED NOT MIXED NOT MIXED NOT MIXED
NOT MIXED
WATER LECITHIN: NOT
LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT
MIXED MIXED MIXED MIXED MIXED
MIXED

VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:

VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:
METHYLENE MIXED MIXED
NOT MIXED NOT MIXED MIXED
MIXED
LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT LECITHIN: NOT
CHLORIDE LECITHIN:
MIXED
LECITHIN: MIXED
MIXED MIXED MIXED
LECITHIN: MIXED

VEGETABLE OIL:
VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:
NOT MIXED
MIXED MIXED MIXED NOT MIXED MIXED
ETHER LECITHIN: LECITHIN: MIXED
LECITHIN: NOT
LECITHIN: MIXED LECITHIN: MIXED LECITHIN: MIXED
MIXED
MIXED

VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:

VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL: VEGETABLE OIL:
MIXED NOT MIXED
NOT MIXED MIXED NOT MIXED MIXED
TOLUENE LECITHIN:
LECITHIN: MIXED LECITHIN: MIXED
LECITHIN: NOT
LECITHIN: MIXED LECITHIN: MIXED
MIXED MIXED
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
B. SOLUBILITY:
According to Biology Reader (2022), the expected
positive result in the Solubility Test is a homogenous
mixture of lipid and the given solvent. Hence, this proves
the presence of lipid in the solution, and the solvent is
nonpolar. However, if the result shows a separation or
division with the given solvents. It is considered as
negative and portrays that the given solvents consists of
lipids, and polar solvents.
GERVACIO, Trine
 C. TEST FOR
UNSATURATION
(BROMINE
WATER TEST)
Presented By: FERRER, Maria Valerie
&
WEE, Ayanna
PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST):
1. Prepare 2 clean and dry test tubes. To 1 of the
tubes, place 1.0 mL of vegetable oil and in the
other, the contents of a lecithin soft gel capsule
dissolved in 1.0 mL of methylene chloride.
Pierce the gel capsule with a pointed object,
e.g., a needle or copper wire.

2. Add 1.0 mL of bromine water to both tubes

and mix thoroughly.
WEE, Ayanna
PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST):

3. Compare the change in color of the bromine

water. With vegetable oil, bromine water forms
the upper layer while with methylene chloride,
bromine water forms the lower layer.

4. Record your observations.

WEE, Ayanna
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 1):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 2):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 3):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 4):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 5):

VEGETABLE OIL LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST) (GROUP 6):

VEGETABLE OIL & LECITHIN

FERRER, Ma. Valerie
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST):

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6

- Light yellow color

into almost clear - Clear color of
- Light yellow color
VEGETABLE - Colorless
- No change - No change in color - Yellow to colorless
water
- Vegetable oil
on top
bromine with a bit
of blurriness
OIL occurred stayed on the lower
- A clear part with
jelly substance
- Bromine stayed on
layer, while Bromine top
stayed on the top.

- Bromine water is
blurry white
- Yellow to dark - Bromine turned
- Upper layer has - No changed -Clear and Lecithin became
yellow light yellow because
light color occurred transparent at top cloudy but cleared
LECITHIN - Somehow
- Lower layer has - Orange color
of the lecithin
- Blurry white up
turning into - Lecithin stayed on
dark brown color remained viscous at top - Bromine stayed up
brown top
and bromine water
stayed down
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
C. TEST FOR UNSATURATION (BROMINE WATER TEST):

As mentioned by Unacademy (2022), bromine water test

determines whether a chemical being tested for the
experiments contains an alkene or alkane functional
group, in contrast to, negative result indicates a saturated
solution with no color shifts, positive result indicates an
unsaturated solution with a colorless appearance.
 D.
ACROLEIN
TEST
Presented By: GERVACIO, Trine
&
IÑIGO, Kean Kate
 PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST:
1. Prepare 3 clean and dry test tubes. To the 1st
tube, add a drop of glycerol; to the 2nd tube,
add a drop of cooking oil; and to the 3rd tube,
add a drop of lecithin from the soft gel capsule.
Pierce the gel capsule with a pointed object,
e.g., a needle or copper wire.

2. Mix a pinch-sized amount of powdered

potassium bisulfate to all the tubes.
IÑIGO, Kean Kate
 PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST:

3. Heat the mixture gently over a small flame.

Note the odor of the vapor and record your
observations.

IÑIGO, Kean Kate

 D. ACROLEIN TEST
SAMPLES USED IN THE TEST:
The sample that are used in this test are Cooking Oil, Glycerol,
and Lecithin, wherein Cooking Oil and Lecithin are the only
substances that contain glycerin or fats. While Glycerol is
defined as “Glycerol is a simple trihydric alcohol in the form of
clear, odorless viscous liquid which has a sweet taste. It is also
hygroscopic in nature (Wernke, 2014).

GERVACIO, Trine
 D. ACROLEIN TEST
SAMPLES USED IN THE TEST:
According to an article published by BYJU’S (2022), “Fats are
soluble in organic solvents like Chloroform, Alcohol, etc. It is
insoluble in water. So, if the given sample forms an oily layer
above the surface of the water then fat is present. Partially
soluble in alcohol and fully soluble in Chloroform than the
presence of fat is confirmed.

GERVACIO, Trine
 D. ACROLEIN TEST
WHAT ARE THE EXPECTED RESULTS IN TEST?

SAMPLES RESULT

Glycerol Negative Result

Cooking Oil Positive Result
Lecithin Positive Result
GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 1):

BEFORE AFTER
GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 2):

VEGETABLE OIL GLYCEROL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 3):

VEGETABLE OIL GLYCEROL LECITHIN

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 4):

GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 5):

BEFORE AFTER
GERVACIO, Trine
 RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT
D. ACROLEIN TEST (GROUP 6):

BEFORE AFTER
GERVACIO, Trine
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
D. ACROLEIN TEST:

GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6

THE SMELL IS STRONGER

COOKING LIKE AN OIL BURNT PLASTIC BURNING
FISHY ODOR
BURNT RUBBER
NO ODOR
OIL THAT IS USED ODOR RUBBER BAND
TO FRY A FISH SMELL

GLYCEROL WAS
THE MOST
IT STILL HAS AN
PRODUCED A BEARABLE FISHY AND
ODOR, BUT IT IS MILD BURNT MILD FOUL
GLYCEROL NEITHER GOOD
CHLORINE OR
ODOR
ODOR. IT HAS OVERSTOCKED
ODOR
ZONROX SMELL. BURNT OIL ODOR
NOR BAD
COOKING
GREASE ODOR

THE ODOR WAS THE MOST

LIKE A ROTTEN SMELL OF DRIED UNPLEASANT HEATED GLUE
LECITHIN FISH THAT HAS FISH
BURNT ODOR
SMELL. IT HAS STICK
FOUL ODOR
BEEN FRIED A FISHY SMELL
 DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS
D. ACROLEIN TEST:
In an article published by Devs (2021), Acrolein test is a
method to detect the presence of glycerin or fats. In this
test, the samples are heated using a dehydrating agent,
specifically potassium bisulfate resulting in a formation of
Acrolein as molecule’s glycerol dehydrates which then
produces a foul odor that can be described as a “burning
smell.” The said foul odor marks a positive result in this
certain test
 REFERENCES
Bell-Young, L. 2021. What is Methylene Chloride? | The Chemistry
Blog. Retrieved from https://www.chemicals.co.uk/blog/what-is-
methylene-
chloride#:~:text=Methylene%20chloride%20is%20a%20polar,is%20
not%20miscible%20with%20water

Biology Reader. 2022. Qualitative Analysis of Lipids. Retrieved

from: https://biologyreader.com/qualitative-analysis-of-lipids.html

BYJU’S. 2022. What are Lipids? - Definition, Structure, and

Classification of Lipids. Retrieved from:
https://byjus.com/biology/lipids/
 REFERENCES
BYJU’S. 2022. Test of Oils and Fats (b) Translucent Spot Test -
Chemistry Practicals. Retrieved from:
https://byjus.com/chemistry/tests-of-oils-and
fats/#:~:text=(b)%20Translucent%20Spot%20Test%3A,presence%2
0of%20fats%20is%20confirmed

PSIBERG Team. 2022. Polar vs. Nonpolar Solvents: Identifications

and Examples - PSIBERG. Retrieved from:
https://psiberg.com/polar-vs-nonpolar-solvents/

Unacademy. 2022. Bromine Water Test (Saturation Test). Retrieved

from: https://unacademy.com/content/jee/study-
material/chemistry/bromine-water-test-saturation-test/
 REFERENCES
White, S. 2022. Why is Consuming Too Many Lipids Bad For You?
Retrieved from: https://healthfully.com/why-is-consuming-too-many-
lipids-bad-for-you-6645813.html

Devs, B. 2021. What is Acrolein?. Retrieved from:

https://www.chemservice.com/news/what-is-
acrolein/#:~:text=In%20this%20method%2C%20a%20sample,similar
%20to%20burnt%20cooking%20oil.

Shrestha, B. 2021. Physical Properties of Ether. Retrieved from:

https://www.vedantu.com/chemistry/properties-of-ether
 REFERENCES

McLaughlin, A. 2018. Side Effects of Eating Fatty Foods. Retrieved

from: https://healthfully.com/side-effects-of-eating-fatty-foods-
5957768.html

Werkne, M.J. 2014. Glycerol. Retrieved from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-
sciences/glycerol
THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR LISTENING!