Telegram @neetquestio er OTAMoneol toner Neat” TOP Apical meristem. Intercalary meristem Lateral meristem @ (b) Position of meristems : (a) Longitudinal view (b) Cross-section Various theories have been proposed to explain the organisation of both root and shoot apical meristems. (RAM and SAM) respectively. ‘The important theories among these are discussed here. Chief Theories related to SAM and RAM Tunica-Corpus Theory Apical Cell Theory (Schmidt, 1924) (Hotmeister, 1857) sae hatter. Shoot Apical Meristom It states that a single apical cellis the structural and shoot apices-tunica (outer) |__ (SAM) Theories functional unit of apical ‘and corpus (inne), meristems and it regulates T the whole process of Histogen Theory primary growth (Hanstein, 1870) According to this, there are three distinct meristernatic, layers called as dermatogen, periblem and plerome ‘Quiescent Cell Theory (Frederick, 1953) He observed cytogenerative centre which is the region of an apical meristem from which all future cells are derived. Itis a group of cells, up to 1,000 in number, in the form of hemisphere, with the flat face toward the root tip. Korper-Kappe Theory Apical Cell Theory (Schuepp, 1917) (Nagel, 1858) According to this, the oot He observed a single apices divide in two planes Root Apical Meristem | _tetrahedtal apical cell in he Fist a cel dvides transversally (RAM) Theories root apices ofa numberof then two daughter cells diide vascular eryptogams Ike longitudinally. This sequence T algae, bryophytes, et. is termed as Tdvision, Histogen Theory (Hanstein, 1870) Itis similar to histogen theory of SAM. Each of the following three layers has a specific purpose (@) Dermatogen—Epidermis (b) Periblem—Cortex (6) Plerome—Vascular cylinder