The Mabini Academy

Senior High School Department

Balintawak, Lipa City, Batangas

Name: Mervea Nina Librea

Grade Level and Section: 12 STEM E
Date: November 15, 2022
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS
First Semester
Academic Year 2021-2022
FINAL TERM
Activity No. 01: Philippine Contemporary Issues
Module 07: Forms and Functions of State and Non-state Institutions
A. Directions: Read and analyze the short article below.
PHILIPPINESS: Drug War Killings Rise during the Pandemic
(Manila, January 13, 2021) – The Philippine government’s “drug war” killings intensified
during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, as did unnecessary arrests during lockdowns, Human
Rights Watch said today in its World Report 2021. Attacks by the police, military, and
unidentified gunmen on leftist activists, community and Indigenous leaders, human rights
defenders, and journalists also increased during the year.
“The Duterte administration appeared to take advantage of Covid-19 curfews in 2020 to
expand its gruesome and bloody ‘war on drugs,’” said Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director at
Human Rights Watch. “At the same time, government ‘red-baiting’ of leftist activists, rights
defenders, and others have put them at greater risk of deadly attack.”
In the 761-page World Report 2021, its 31st edition, Human Rights Watch reviews
human rights practices in more than 100 countries. In his introductory essay, Executive Director
Kenneth Roth argues that the incoming United States administration should embed respect for
human rights in its domestic and foreign policy, in a way that is more likely to survive future US
administrations that might be less committed to human rights. Roth emphasizes that even as the
Trump administration mostly abandoned the protection of human rights, other governments
stepped forward to champion rights. The Biden administration should seek to join, not supplant,
this new collective effort.
The rights situation in the Philippines worsened during the pandemic, as the government
imposed strict lockdown measures that resulted in the arrest and incarceration of tens of
thousands of Filipinos, in conditions that greatly increased their health risk. In the early days of
the lockdown, police subjected curfew violators – including children – to abusive treatment.
Reference: https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/01/13/philippines-drug-war-killings-rise-during-
pandemic

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 The Mabini Academy
Senior High School Department
Balintawak, Lipa City, Batangas
Drug addiction has long been a problem in the Philippines, and the world. We see reports
on television and social media about people getting arrested accused of using or pushing drugs.
Focus on your locality. Do you have problems related to drugs as well? Does your local
government have programs to fight drug addiction in your area? What about non-government
organizations? Do you have any idea how they counter drug addiction?
Here it is important to stress the significance of the roles of concerned state and non-state
institutions in a society. Remember that the manner they perform their role determines the
resolution of related issues in the society.

B. Directions: IT IS TIME TO EXPLORE! CAN YOU IDENTIFY ISSUES IN YOUR

LOCALITY?
When you look around you, you will see problems or issues that are present in your
locality. Let us see how observant you are! Name at least five issues or problems in your
locality. Encode your answers on the space provided below.
1. – Cat Calling
2. – Stray cats and dogs
3. – Unregistered tricycle
4. – Garbage Disposal
5. – Sexual Discrimination

C. Directions: Based on the five issues you earlier identified, choose one that concerns you
the most. Identify the specific state and non-state institutions involved in it. How
significant are the roles of state and non-state institutions in addressing the issue that you
have chosen? Focus and expound on the significance of their roles. Write a simple
expository essay composing of eight (8) to ten (10) sentences only about it. Encode your
essay on the space provided below.
Encode your essay here:
Sexual discrimination can occur in either a state or non-state institution, such as a state
institution. Similarly, to when online classes first began, many students had the freedom to
express themselves without fear of violating school rules. Some dyed their hair to express their
creativity, while others waited for it to grow longer to express their sexuality. However, as face-
to-face classes continue, transsexual students face discrimination simply because of their hair.
Certainly, the schools' intention in grooming students is to teach discipline, but hair has nothing
to do with learning at school, and students must be able to feel accepted and freely express
themselves inside campus as long as their studies are not jeopardized. A recent incident in a non-
state institution, for example, involved a transwoman who simply wanted to buy clothes and try
them on, but the staff refused and told them that the men's fitting room was upstairs. The
customer stated that they are not men, but transwomen, but the staff still refuses to accommodate
them. So, the complaint was received by the manager, who is a member of the LGBTQIA+

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 The Mabini Academy
Senior High School Department
Balintawak, Lipa City, Batangas
community. The customer expected the manager to reprimand their employees, but the manager
chose to ignore the situation.

Focus Question: How significant is the role of different institutions and organizations in
society?
Answer: Because they are the ones who govern, they have a lot of power, so if it's the law, the
people should follow it.

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