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1/3 manual extinguishers

Chapter Three

Chapter one

Manual extinguishers

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General terms 1/1/3

Manual extinguishers are easy-to-handle manual means of extinguishing a fire in its early stages. These conditions are for 3/1/1/1

identification and maintenance of extinguishers only and are not standard specifications.

Hand extinguishers are requested according to the type and number specified in the license, in any building or shop subject 3/1/1/2

to, and the conditions mentioned in Paragraph (3/1/6.)

authorities.
of the license from the competent

The hand extinguishers must be in accordance with the standard specifications and approved by an official certificate from the Ministry of Health 3/1/1/3

Competent authorities .

The owner of the building or the owner of the site must keep the hand extinguishers in a proper condition to keep them 3/1/1/4

usable when needed, by making the necessary arrangements to conduct the necessary inspection, periodic inspection and

maintenance by a licensed contractor, or by any specialized and approved technical body.

Types of extinguishers 2/1/3

Manual extinguishers are divided according to the type of extinguishing agent into the following main types:

Water extinguishers, 1/2/1/3

which are extinguishers in which water is used as a medium to extinguish fire, and they include the following types:

(a) Gas cylinder water extinguishers

It is a cylinder filled with water under normal pressure, inside which a cartridge containing carbon dioxide gas is

installed, and in the event of its operation, the head of the cartridge is pierced to release the compressed gas,

pushing the water strongly through the ejection nozzle.

(B) The stored pressure water extinguishers,

which is a cylinder filled with two-thirds of it with water, and the rest with air, or nitrogen gas at the required pressure.

When operating, the valve opens and the water comes out flowing by the pressure action of the stored gas, see (1-1/3)

Figure.

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Figure ( 3/ 1-1) The stored pressure water extinguisher

Foam extinguishers 2/2/1/3

They are the extinguishers that pump foamy liquid as a mediator to extinguish the fire, and they are of two

types, see figure (2-1/3).

(A) Chemical foam extinguishers,

which produce foam by means of a chemical reaction, and the foam is pushed by the pressure of the gas produced

about interaction.

(b) Mechanical foam extinguishers

It produces foam mechanically by mixing the foam generator liquid with water and air, and is pushed by

compressed carbon dioxide gas inside a cartridge.

Carbon dioxide extinguishers are 3/1/2/3

extinguishers in which carbon dioxide gas is used as an extinguishing medium, and they are in principle one

released when operating

type, differ
byinopening
differentthe
sizes
control
only,valve
and the
in the
gascylinder
is kept head,
undersee
pressure
figure in
( 3/1-3.(
the liquid state, and it is

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Figure ( 3/ 1-2) foam extinguisher (AFFF) or (FFFP) with stored pressure

Figure ( 3/1-3 ) carbon dioxide extinguisher

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Dry chemical powder extinguishers 3/1/2/4

are extinguishers in which dry chemical powder is used as a medium to extinguish fires, and there are two

types in terms of the method of operation:

(A) Extinguishers operated by

gas pressure, and the powder is pushed by the pressure of carbon dioxide gas kept in a small cylinder

(cartridge) under the required pressure.

(b) Extinguishers operated by stored pressure

Where the powder is pushed by air pressure or compressed nitrogen into the cylinder with the powder,

see Figure (4-1/3).

As for the powder in terms of chemical composition, it is of two types,

extinguish group “A”multi-component

and group “C” “group
powder.
the most
B” fires,
important
whichof
are
which
commonly
are: (A)used
chemical
in manual
powder
extinguishers.
used to (B)

(c) Powders intended for certain types of metal fires, which are used only in special cases

specified.

Figure ( 3/ 1-4) Extinguisher for dry chemical powder with stored pressure

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( 1211) BCF Halon extinguishers. 5/2/1/3

These extinguishers contain bromochlorodifluoromethane, compressed with nitrogen gas. They are used to

extinguish all types of fires except for metal fires. They are based on stopping the continuity of the chain of

chemical reaction to extinguish the fire. Based on the international agreements for the protection of the ozone

layer , dealing with these extinguishers has been limited, see Figure (5-1/3).

Figure ( 5-1/3 ) Halon extinguisher

Clean media extinguishers. 6/2/1/3

These extinguishers contain halogen , which is compressed with nitrogen gas, and is used to extinguish all

types of fires except for metal fires, see Figure (6-1/3).

Figure ( 3/ 1-6) extinguishing clean media (halogen) with stored pressure

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fire ratings 3/1/3

A A
: a
1/3/1/3

(a) Group “A” fires are fires

that break out in flammable materials such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, etc.

. A

(b) Group B fires

Flammable liquids and petroleum gases Fires in flammable liquids, tar, petroleum, petroleum paints,

solvents, varnishes, alcohol and fast gases

ignition.

(C) Group “C” fires, fires in

electrically. equipment

(d) Group “D” fires: fires in

flammable metals such as magnesium , titanium , zirconium , sodium , lithium and potassium.

( ) E Group fires " "E

b containing flammable cooking materials m! oils Fires in animal or vegetable

matter and fats.

the letter denoting the group of fire that c) & a # y%, preceded by a rating number
The fire
forrating
(Group
$# yt
A and
should
Group
contain
B) 3/1/3/2

only, indicating the relative effectiveness of the extinguishing.

Fire rated for use in Group C or Group D fire hazard situations 3/1/3/3

Group "e" does not have to be preceded by a number before the classification letter.

Extinguishers classification 4/3/1/3

labels The extinguisher labels are classified according to the classification of fires mentioned in Paragraph

(1/3/3/3), which is shown in (3/1-7).

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Group A fires

Group A fires Group B fires

Group B fires Group C fires

"

A group fires B group fires Group C fires

Group fires " "e

Figure (3/ 1-7) Classification of extinguisher labels

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operating method 4/1/3

In selecting the appropriate type of manual extinguishers in terms of the method of operation, the following aspects are taken into account:

Extinguishers in one location, operated in one way so that there is no confusion or confusion when using them in case of 3/1/4/1

fire.

In sites that require control of the throwing angle, hose extinguishers are used . 3/1/4/2

Suitable extinguishers must be chosen in terms of ejection distance or ease of use, to suit individuals 3/1/4/3

authorized to use it.

distribution 5/1/3

Extinguishers shall be distributed in appropriate places recommended by the competent authority, taking into account the following: 3/1/5/1

The extinguisher must be kept in a cabinet, or a cavity in the wall with a door, as in Figure (8-1/3), in order to protect it 3/1/5/2

from weather conditions and from tampering with it. It is permissible to hang it on the walls in some cases approved by

the competent authority, as there is no fear of the aforementioned caveats.

The location of the extinguishers must be suitable and easily accessible so that it is: 3/1/5/3

(a) Not close to the dangerous areas.

.Raj (b) As close as possible to the exits and the father's house

(c) Along the corridors, so that they are clearly visible.

(d) It shall not be obscured by any goods, furniture or obstructions.

(e) They are not more than 30 meters apart from each other. M

m from ground level. (f) The height of the extinguisher base should be 0.1

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m 0.8
powder Water

9.0
Chemical
Liter
dry

m 0.25
m 0.4

Figure ( 8-1/3 ) Shape and dimensions of the extinguisher box

Determine the type and number 3/1/6

The number of extinguishers required shall be determined according to the following general rules or license conditions:

For group “A” fires, the following shall be used: one 3/1/6/1
2
Applied area, and one chemical powder extinguisher m water extinguisher with a capacity of 0.9 liters per 200 liters of water.

K of 5.4 gm. M
2 per 200 dry, capacity

2
of the expected surface area of the liquid m Group B fires The number of extinguishers needed to cover is estimated at 5.0 3/1/6/2

Its spillage is as

follows: (a) One foam extinguisher with a capacity of 0.9 liters.

K
(B) or one extinguisher of dry chemical powder 0.1 mg

K
(C) or one carbon dioxide extinguisher 0.3 mg

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Group “C” fires, and the following will be used for them: 3/1/6/3

perimeter of the building. For every 20

(A) Dry chemical powder extinguisher 2.3 kg m from the

.
If only the place was closed 2 per 0.1 ÿm (b)KCarbon dioxide extinguisher 5.4 c

Group "D" fires A special powder is used for each type of combustible metals for this group of fires. The competent authority 3/1/6/4

must be consulted when selecting the appropriate type of extinguishers for metal fires.

Examination and testing 3/1/7

Manual extinguishers shall be subject to periodic inspection and inspection in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and conditions 3/1/7/1

the following year:

(a) Monthly

Fire extinguishers should be checked once they are initially put into service and thereafter at intervals of approximately 30

days. Fire extinguishers should be checked manually at shorter intervals when conditions require.

(b) Semi-annual,

outward examination to ensure that the extinguishers and their contents are fit for use.

(C) An annual

examination of all extinguishers and contents to ensure the validity of operating tools.

(d) Three years of

comprehensive examination at the manufacturer or the specialized workshop for all parts of the extinguisher, along with checking

the body’s tolerance of the required pressure.

(e) After each fire or the use of extinguishers, an examination is carried out like the annual examination.

(f) Note: The entity that performs the above-mentioned examination of extinguishers must be specified.

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procedures 3/1/7/2

The periodic fire inspection should include a test of:

of the.
(a) Location and venue a

(b) There are no barriers to accessing or seeing extinguishers.

Y. R A >;: (c) There are clear operating instructions

Ensure that the safety plugs are not broken or lost . ) Dr(

by weight or b. ( ) e fullness of # ÿ, and v

# y , rust , leak , or ; Adding nozzles (f) detecting obvious damage a @ b>;:

slander.

(g) Touch pressure.

(h) The condition of the tyres, wheels, bearing , hose and firing nozzle (for wheeled units ).

3/1/7/3
Corrective action If

the examination of any fire extinguisher reveals a deficiency in any of the points listed in Paragraph 2/7/1/3 above,

corrective action must be taken immediately.

Examination results recording

3/1/7/4

(a) The results shall be recorded for all fire extinguishers examined, including the extinguishers you need

to corrective measures.

(b) The date of conducting the examination and the name of the person who conducted it must be recorded, at least monthly.

(c) The record must be kept in a card attached to the fire extinguisher.

(d) Cabinets containing fire extinguishers should not be closed, with the exception of cases in which the extinguishers

are subject to misuse, as the cabinets must contain means that enable access to extinguishers in an emergency.

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(e) Fire extinguishers should not be obstructed or seen clearly. In locations where it is not possible to completely

obstruct vision, means must be provided to indicate the location of the fire extinguisher.

(f) Portable fire extinguishers - with the exception of wheeled extinguishers - should be installed on a carrier, or in

a support provided by the manufacturer, or in a support registered and approved for this purpose, or placed in

cabinets or recesses in the walls of walls. As for wheeled extinguishers, they should be placed in places

Dedicated.

(g) Fire extinguishers that are installed in places where they are subject to movement should be installed with belt

supports produced by the manufacturer of the extinguisher and specially designed to overcome this problem.

(h) Fire extinguishers that are installed in a position where they are exposed to physical damage from shocks or accidents

Vibrations or environmental factors, for example, should be adequately protected.

(i) Fire extinguishers whose total weight does not exceed 20 kg should be installed so that their top is not above

the ground. As for the fire extinguishers whose total weight of the extinguisher exceeds
wheeled
5.1 20extinguishers),
kg (except for they

should be installed so that they are not The top of the extinguisher shall be higher than 1 m above the ground, and

0.1
in no case should the distance between the bottom of the extinguisher and the ground surface be less than 100

meters.
millimeter

(j) The operating instructions shall be placed on the front of the fire extinguisher and shall be clearly visible. The

maintenance sticker every six years and the hydrostatic test sticker or other stickers shall not be placed on the

front of the extinguisher. Excluded from these requirements are the original manufacturer’s stickers or those

specifically related to the operation of the extinguisher or with the specific fire ratings or stock control labels for

this extinguisher.

(k) Fire extinguishers that are installed in cabinets or in wall recesses that must be placed so that they are instructed

Turn on the extinguisher at the front. The location of these extinguishers should also be clearly marked.

(l) Fire extinguishers must not be exposed to temperatures outside the range recorded on the extinguisher label

fire.

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