Standard Method of Test for Accelerated Polishing of Ageregates Using the British Wheel AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 279-91 (ASTM DESIGNATION: D 3316.83) score 3. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE periphery to form 2 continuous surface of aggrezate panicles, Phin. (445 mim) spemenetied describes a bora: 3.1 This test method simulates ne Sateet 16 in. (406.4 mun) in diameter, vera ale ct ae estimate may polishing action of vehicula athe bbe made of the exten to whi 5.1.2 A means of rotating the road “Mier coarse agrees uel so bituminous wheel about ts oun ater ec ae couse aggregates av palit weet yne's 12 “hs sands ay imotve na "35 Shotinvaneisgnemimags, ?e2zs ‘A meats of binging te sufice men Ti nan ence may be aed i at or ety cous of emake ae OE mm) Iain a oie ee PUTE FABER: frais tsp dane as eB) to address ali of the safeyprobiems Sanna fet ese on the agenesis secens moun associated wits we hive een om the surface of the road whee wiles bili of whoever ses ths sande : ltl oad 88 © 118 GOL. = aan nul and esdblish sopropnate suiety, ‘+ DEFINTHIUNS Toe re sal be weed, if mecere sd heath practices and determine tie spplicbilty’ of segulatory linitaions Por 10 use bean a me rig src The oo & fe tote shut of it us ees ‘hich shud be patel we ae a tod wheel The pane ose oe i te shal coil wit ef es shine ‘wheel. Before a new tire is used on a test, 22 Poluh te (2}—& measure % REFERENCED DOCUMENTS tie gue a th enc ante step Re contcedby « preninan HTesimen subjected to accelerated pol 7H" of © hours with = 1S0-grt silicon Tie ini Yin! Briush Pendulum Tesier readings on ‘he test specimens before they are pol ished in the accelezted polishing ma 21 AASHTO Sundar fb wng We maa eupmen, ‘le wig danny enor ps M261 Stand Tie for Hemant enid meted FU od whe Fovemen Fricional The measwemeatiaoie os eee san a mate Te No, 1—An i Prope Tes Serene rented Se dal 2 cma secu 7108 Compressive Suengiy ih Pendtlan Tees Tne a Mee ber i ve Cement inaceorance wih Tet Method Basta or (sng 2c) 5 gppaatis “he ure shal be intel tes peste oS te es of 43's 2 pu Gi0ae's Ini tbo . . S.1 Accelerated Polishing Ma- 22, ASTH Sundorde cane Acted NOTE 1th he teeny © 778 Specification for Stan. ine ait aseelerated polishing me. 7 chine ao kaon he Ber heeled ac ae bay : | Eititows oy oe a sere RINE we! dan hel ews a mer Feetfeeed bony Graal Dey ALL 2 Sey er ain. This machine shall be mounted on 1979. tris retained as an alternate in this test dud Sand D5 Practice for Sam. ling Agarepstes D 1415 Test for Rubber Prop. cry—inienaet meen inh eat eel bse The equip» pad forte a ae Hardness! ‘ment shall include the feowing 2 supply and inthe event thax Dunlop shosld E303. Method of Measuring sea indica! Wheel ereater —reeune mamaactnag h ne ae feferred to 35 the road wheel, and having 8 flat surtace periphery and of such size snd shape as to permit 14 specimens described below 10 be clanped onto the Surface Friction Propenies Using the British Pendulum S132 Altemate Tre No. 2—An in lostsl 2.80 X48 in. OD x 4 in 1D}, Tater 4 NUIS-4 ply, crsshatch pauerm uead hnnd-tavek tre (Note 2). The tire shall oe. c Goma tmnntsacan YS ifted toa presse of 38 Sat eran smi tne Cana argent We oa Pa) m2129 NOTE 2—When it became known tht he Dualop we (5.31) wae 09 longer being manufarred, te wecesiy of finding ae placement fo the test etn was evi Sent. A Sesc ad study by the Tene Sie Deparuneat of Highway and Pablc Tons pstaton culinated ia fining this tte. 3 Geunyen Indust Alt Weater Hand Tract ‘ig sie 280 % 4 (Goodyear Product Code 202-005.02), give Polish Vales sual o {hore obianed wi he Dunlop tee 8 su fable mente soch as Coodvear 6250-8 (Croduct Cove 19-010-70) v8 nesesiy ‘vag als ound necestary to oly the Fin heel tomished wh he Accelerates Poi Machin ofaeiiae mounting he Geodyent ‘te. Approximately 010 im should be re= ‘oved from the wheel dimer and leger ole provice forthe valve sem This id non lest mounting and wee ofthe Duslop ite SA A means to feed the 130-grt silicon carbide abrasive a the rate given jn Secton 8.5. The grit shall be fed oatinuously and with a uniform diste bution across the width ofthe specimens The grit shall be applied directly onto ‘he road wheel surface ahead ofthe point of commact with the rubberized whee! 5.5 A means 10 feed the water at the rate given sn Section 8.5 ia such a vay thatthe water ie spread continvously and uaiformly over the surface of the oad wheet ahead of te point of contact, the rubbecired whee. Meral Holds—A number of 26 curaiely machined metal molds for pre- paring specimens. The specimen formes 18 35 by 1.75 by 0.6) in. (88.9 by 48.5 by 160 mm) and shall be curved to fit fon 2 sorface having an S-nch (203.2 rum) radius of curvature, 53. Bnuish Pendulum Tester—A {ction measuring device. The Bats Pendulum Tester used shall conform :o Method T 278, S31 The slider contact path shall be 3 = yin. 162 = 1.6 mim. 532. The slider width shall be 1%, in. G18 eam, 533. The rubber that i¢ bonded (0 the slider shall be J, by 1 by Ti (64 by 25.4 by 31.8 mm S34 The rubber shall mest the se- qwirements of Specification M261 535 The zero adjustment shall be METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING checked before and ater testing the spe tens and as often az the operator eens necessity 5.6 The calibration procedures of ‘1278 shall be used. However, after ca bation the small sider shall be inserted MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 6.1 Water—S supply of tap water for use whete water i requted for any purpose in this method, 62 Fine Sand—~A supply of fine sand fr sifting into the interaices ofthe aggregate poor 9 placing of the bonding matenal. Standard sand conforming to the requirements of ASTM C778 has ‘been found suitable for this purpose 63 Mold Release Agent™The use fof @ mold celease agent is optional. A mold release agsat may be used 19 pie- ‘ent bonding between the mold and the bonding material. Silicon release agent and paste wax as used for automobiies and Alors has been found suitable. The ser should use care wo prevent this agent fom being abserbed by the aggcegate a3 it could affet she measured polish value Get Silicon Carbide Grit—A supply of silicon easbide git (130-get size) 10 be used a5 she polishing agent, Grit should be checked for gradation using No, 100(150 wun), 150, and 200,75 pan sieves and separated and recombined if fsszessary (0 maintain 2 uniform sad tion ter all esting 65 Bonding Agen—A_ supply of polyester sesin and catalyst (or another Suitable bonding, materia, such as. an epoxy ces) having a pot fife of 20 19 530 minutes and a curing time of 3 10 hours. This bonding agent thall at be so flid as to flow trough the fine sand. G51 An optional bonding agent may be used 10 eliminate use of the fine sand. This booing agent must be quite viscous so that it will not flow com- pletely around the aggregate particles tnd become pat ofthe surace of the test, specimen, Examples of esitable materials we given at the Appendix, 65.2 Tollow the manufacturer's pre sautlons conceming storage and wie of resia and catalyst 66 Coarse Aggregate —Approxi- aiately a, 8 (0014 me) supply of Bi coarse aggregate to he tested and sat pled in scordance with T2, The agate te shal be normal plant a but abors Tory-erushed material may be tested if so identified, 7. ‘TEST AND CONTROL SPECIMENS TAL At least Five test specimens for ach coarse aggregate shall be tested, See Section 103, 12. Laboratories evaluating only 2 few coarse aggregates each year shal include standard laboratory eontol spec: imeng in each run. Two sete of five test Specimens wil allow the inclusion of four contol specimens. With an accumu lation of Polish Value history. the conto specimens may be eliminated. This wl allow an incHease ia the number ofthe coarse aggregate test specimens forthe 73 The aggregate to be ested shall ass the Yin, (12.7-mm) seve and shall. be retained on a in (9S-mm) sieve. NOTE 3 aggregate gradation may te arid tomes ite nee thew eeponed idk the text rena. However egrets ger Dan "fm. (127 mm) may not Se sscommodned by Ue mold and apgregies smaller than "fia. 195 rm) may no be Meguately bonded in we specimen maling Process © be tetained forthe duration of ‘bets TA Thoroughly wash and dey the aggregate to be tested at 100 to 110°C {o essentially constant weight, 75. Coat the mold with mide: lease agent 7.6 Each specimen shall conain 3 single layer of dy aggregate placed by brand a5 densely a posuble with 3 fst surtace down to cover the boom 35 by 15 in, (88:9 by 44.45 mun) surface of the mold NOTE +P selects shoal ep reeewaive of the maternal to be ealed Fla elongate, or unusually shaped partes a enue difcly i placement and bond. ‘ng. Misleading pleh valves can ret om intdeqeateserace aca for pluton 7.7 Fill te suerces betwcen ine site withthe he nd, JexetedBe in Section 6.2 above. fom one-fourth to oneshalf of the aggregate depth 7.7.1 “An oponal method eliminates lhe sand by using a viscous polyester fesn. This material is described in Sec- tion 6. 7.8 Prepare the bonding agent de scribed in Seeton 6.5 and in accordance ‘with the manufacorer's instructions, The consistency ofthe bonding agent should bbe such that it will flow freely between the aggregate panicles but not so thin 48 10 impregnate the sand oF 10 bond this sand 0 the specimen surface later preventing its removal. Aa ideal consi. lency would be such that the bonding agent must be forced into the voids be. tween the ageregate panicles by gentle band pressure wich » epanula, 78.1 The optional bonding agent ‘uites a heavier consistency such that it will not flow except with the aid of 2 spatula, 7.9. Fill he prepazed mold to over flowing with the bending material NOTE 5 Care shuld be used to ensure ‘hatte boning agent tr allowed to pene late near te aggregate uric to be polished im such a-way tat De rier slider may 740 When the honding material has stiffened suffices, suike off the excess ‘material even withthe curved sides of the mold 7.41 When the bonding material has cured properly (3 10 6 hows) remove, the specimen fon the mold 742 If sand wat used, remove all fee and excess sand from the face of the specimen 713 If warping prevents proper placement on the road wheel, des the bottom of the test specimens with 3 snnding wheel or belt sander to ensute Proper fit. Respitatore should be used to Drevent breathing the dust. 8. PROCEDURE 81 Determine the initia! fiction Yale of each prepared test specimen in accordance with T 278 ‘sing the sider specified in Section $.3 above, Take all Feadings from the permanent scale, 82° Clamp 18 epecimens around the Detiphery ofthe road wheel (using rbber METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING O-rings near the ede of the specimens) to form a continous stip of particles ‘upon which the pheumatictired. whee! hal ride freely without bumping or sip ping 8.3. Maintain the temperature of the specimens, water, ad apparatus a 75 = SPF (23.9 2 28°C) during he emsire me ofthe tes S84 Bring the road wheel to a speed (320 + 5pm, and bring the pneumatic tired whee! to bear on te surface of the fpecimen with a tia) load of 88 =] Ibf G91.4¢ = 4.45 Ny, 85 Feed the No. 150 silicon carbide gmt al a rie of 6 = 2 gimin for the Sesired testing ime (Note 6). Feed the Water at the rae of SO t0 75 mL per NOTE €—Agzrepwes shouldbe subjected 'o 2 polishing acuor of 1 hours tress ‘axiom polish is achevedin shore ine Maxim poli achieved when change 48 detected on succesive measurements 8.6. Remove the specimens from the oad whee! and wash thoroughly tore move grit 87 After cleaning, test each speci- ‘men to determine the Polish Value in accordance with T 278 using the slide! Specified in Section $3 above. Take all readings ftom the permanent sale 88 UF contol specimens are used, Setermine adjusimenis tothe polish value by comparing the polish value obtained for contol specimens to the established value for the consol aggregate as fol Jove PV adjusted PY Conol (Standard) PY Conucl (run) ~ PY Specimen (run) 89° the rate of polish is desired, repeat the procedure in Sections 8.2 10 8.7 at regular intervals of machine time such a5 1, 2, 4, 6, and 1D hours. 9. REPORT 8.4 The repon shall contain the fol lowing information asi appropriate to he needs of the user 9.11 Tdentification of the coarse ag sgrepate tested (and the contol aggregate it used) including gradation of aggregate 7279 9.12 Initial friction value for speci- ‘mens containing aggregates tobe evalu sted and for convel specimens if used, 9.1.3. Polish values for specimens containing aggregates evalusted and for conttl specimen if used, 9.14 Length of time and interim pol- ih value of specimens tested for rate oF polish determination, 9.15 Temperature during testing pe fod BAG Dates of esting period 10. PRECISION AND BIAS 10.1 The only measurement in this method which may be evaluated for pe- cision and bias isthe polish value. Refer to Section 7, Precision and Bias of Method T 278 for information on prec- sion and number of tests, 102 If no conal specimens are Used it is recommended thx seven spect mens ofthe aggregate tobe evaluates be tested in order to redvce random testing ‘rors and to increate the confidence level of the tes, APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) XJ. SUITABLE BONDING AGENT, X11 The formulation in the table enutled “Polyester Bonding Agent is polyester bonding agent that bas been found to sucessfully eliminate the need for sand as described in Section 7. 2 Prepare the grout as follows: X1.2.1 Add the Wollastonite NYAD 400 to the polyester resia and disperse with a laboratory model Cowles Dis- erst or similar equipment which will [give 2 good, uniform mix. Then the San- tocel Z or Cab-O-Sil M3 and grind in With the Cowles Dispenser until good gel is obiained. The ammount of gelling ‘gent may be varied depending upon he stiffness desited. The thinowopy or gel fan also be increased by sting i 3 ‘maximum of 0.1 par by weight glycerinePateues Boning Azer Pans by ‘Weight omgorene ____—_ Suva 100 —-Peipiae 32773 Plyener Res ieisthed Chemie! Co 0 Wolsonse VAD 00 Exener Pigment? tnerpace Com” 5108 Samocel Z Sica Aeronet™ Mostar Chee Co ‘Aeros 200° 7 C0 i Degas Ine MCS Coit Sea! ater € Cae, te 05 6% Cobalt Nphienae Solan" Recthold Chemeal Co following dispersal of the gelling agent. imately 0.7 weighe percent of 60 pescent Stir in the Cobalt Napithenote methyl ethyl ketone perorie eatlyst 19 X1.22-Tust prior o use, acd approx: whe base polyester grout and stir well, METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING el ‘The amount of eatalyst may aso be var Jed depending upon the pot life or work ing time and the speed of cure desired, XA3. The working time of 3 200-2 batch of the catalyzed material is 15 0 20 minutes at 77°F, The cast specisnens will cure adequately in 12 hours t 77°F to perform the accelerate polish tet NOTE X1.1 Other ormulaions may ao be suite and easly obained ley One ich matenal ib Prece, Gold Label, Now Suaging Rein sod Powdect