BÀI TẬP LÀM THÊM TỪ VỰNG

TUẦN 10
Compiled by Mrs Trang Anh
Facebook: Mrstranganh87

Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse
change.
A. harmful B. unhelpful C. favorable D. undesirable
2. The burning of coal and wood made the cities the primary sources of pollution.
A. produce B. cause C. affect D. bring
3. It was the Industrial Revolution that gave birth to environmental pollution as we know it today.
A. manufactured B. construct C. produced D. fabricated
4. Pollution issues escalated as population growth far exceeded viability of neighborhoods to
handle their waste problem.
A. climbed B. improved C. worsened D. increased
5. Manufacturing activities that cause air pollution impose health and clean-up costs on the whole
of society.
A. domineer B. enforce C. levy D. enact
6. Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made sources.
A. artificial B. synthetical C. mock D. unnatural
7. Adverse air quality can kill many organisms including humans.
A. entities B. creatures C. animals D. plants
8. Pollution control means the control of emissions and effluents into air, water or soil.
A. conquer B. domineer C. check D. examine
9. Water pollution occurred due to contamination of drinking water by untreated sewage in
developing countries.
A. corruption B. detoxification C. pollution D. infection
10. Carbon dioxide is sometimes referred to as pollution, because raised levels of the gas in the
atmosphere are affecting the Earth's climate.
A. involving B. altering C. modifying D. influencing
11. There are various locations, activities or factors which are responsible for releasing pollutants
into the atmosphere.
A. accountable to B. answerable for C. blame of D. liable for
12. Air pollution risk is a function of the hazard of the pollutant and the exposure to that
pollutant.
 A. risky contaminants B. unsafe toxins
C. perilous impurities D. precarious chemicals
13. A lack of ventilation indoors concentrates air pollution where people often spend the majority
of their time.
A. A shortage of B. An absence from C. A plenty of D. A profusion of
14. Air pollution costs the world economy $5 trillion per year as a result of productivity losses
and degraded quality of life.
A. An effect of B. An outcome for C. A conclusion of D. a consequence of
15. One out of ten deaths in 2013 was caused by diseases associated with air pollution and the
problem is getting worse.
A. connected to B. linked with C. separated from D. related to
16. Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise is the propagation of noise with harmful
impact on the activity of human or animal life.
A. proliferation B. spread C. transmission D. circulation
17. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and
propagation systems.
A. beginning B. basis C. origin D. foundation
18. Side-by-side industrial and residential buildings can result in noise pollution in the residential
areas.
A. nearby B. adjacent C. distant D. neighboring
19. High noise levels can contribute to cardiovascular effects in humans and an increased
incidence of coronary artery disease.
A. have a part in B. donate to C. have a say D. subsidize to
20. Noise exposure in the workplace can also contribute to noise-induced hearing loss and other
health issues.
A. congenital hearing impairment
B. deafening issue
C. hearing impairing due to traffic accident
D. hearing impairment resulting from exposure to loud sound
21. Litter consists of waste products that have been disposed of improperly, without consent, at
an undesirable location.
A. argument B. misunderstanding C. quarrel D. disagreement
22. In addition to intentional littering, almost half of litter on U.S. roadways is now accidental or
unintentional litter.
A. anyway B. besides C. likewise D. in the same way
23. Population levels, traffic density and proximity to waste disposal sites are factors known to
correlate with higher litter rates.
A. connect to B. link with C. associate with D. join with
24. The ignorance of the laws that regulate the proper disposal of hazardous waste may cause
improper disposal.
A. control B. correct C. change D. adjust
25. Organic litter in large amounts can cause water pollution and lead to algal blooms.
 A. bring out B. impede C. instigate D. trigger off
Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
26. The reduction of these fuels can reduce air pollution drastically.
A. relegate B. diminish C. augment D. amplify
27. A number of credible studies have shown that fast food packaging is one of the most common
forms of litter.
A. scarce B. singular C. unusual D. collective
28. Some litter that is collected can be recycled, however degraded litter cannot be recycled and
eventually degrades to sludge, often toxic.
A. waste is not recycled B. usable waste
C. raw waste D. toxic waste
29. Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air that are detrimental to human
health and the planet as a whole.
A. harmful to B. beneficial to C. valuable in D. damaging to
30. Air pollution impacts on human health in the short term and is directly linked to the deaths of
elderly people.
A. temporary B. everlasting C. interim D. transient
31. Living in a pollution-free environment signifies a better quality of life.
A. unpolluted B. sterilized C. contaminated D. tainted
32. Air pollution has now emerged in developing countries as a result of industrial activities.
A. surfaced B. occurred C. faded D. disappeared
33. The Ozone layer considered crucial for the existence of the ecosystems on the planet is
depleting due to increased pollution.
A. available B. refreshed C. vacant D. exhausted
34. Pollution emitting from vehicles including trucks, jeeps, cars, trains, airplanes cause an
immense amount of pollution.
A. vast B. tiny C. massive D. colossal
35. Their overuse is killing our environment as dangerous gases are polluting the environment.
A. corrupting B. purifying C. spoiling D. disinfecting
36. Ammonia is a very common byproduct from agriculture-related activities and is one of the
most hazardous gases in the atmosphere.
A. Ammonia is the most lethal fume B. Ammonia is the riskiest fume
C. Ammonia is the most perilous air D. Ammonia is the most harmless gas
37. They emit harmful chemicals into the air and can also cause water pollution.
A. absorb B. spread C. collect D. scatter
38. The effects of air pollution are alarming.
A. starling B. alert C. average D. ordinary
39. Just like humans, animals also face some devastating effects of air pollution.
A. advantageous B. strategic C. destructive D. ruinous
40. Ozone exists in the Earth’s stratosphere and is responsible for protecting humans from
harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays.
 A. guarding B. neglecting C. defending D. abandoning
41. As the ozone layer will go thin, it will emit harmful rays back on earth and can cause skin and
eye related problems.
A. be slender B. be slight C. be dense D. be thick

42. We are seeing a series of innovations and experiments aimed at alternate and unconventional
options to reduce pollutants.
A. conservative B. progressive C. eccentric D. common
43. Major factors of water scarcity include pollution and overuse of water, drought, and
governmental control.
A. shortage B. inadequacy C. abundance D. wealth
44. Water infrastructure is a very important element of water management and control.
A. significant B. marginal C. inconsequential D. influential
45. Pollution also plays a major role in global warming which is one of the major threats to our
planet today.
A. warnings B. reassurance C. menaces D. encouragement
46. Drought is a slow and gradual process which can be mitigated with proper preparation and
with the right techniques.
A. aggravated B. palliated C. augmented D. diminished
47. About 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water and 3% of it is actually freshwater
that is fit for human consumption.
A. inappropriate B. suitable C. apt D. relevant
48. Corn production in Italy is constrained by unreliable and expensive water supply.
A. loyal B. changeable C. variable D. dependable
49. Most people ignore the fact that a large part of the globe does not have access to clean water.
A. retreat B. approach C. depart D. leave
50. One of the biggest contaminators of the world's water is plastic due to its non-biodegradable
nature and being almost indestructible.
A. preserved B. immortal C. perishable D. perpetual
Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
51. Pollution can take the form of chemical _________________ or energy, such as noise, heat or light.
A. materials B. elements C. ingredients D. substances
52. The components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally
occurring _____________________.
A. impurities B. contaminants C. toxins D. chemicals
53. Air pollution has always ___________________ civilizations.
A. accompanied B. escorted C. convoyed D. gone
54. The Industrial Revolution ___________________ an infusion of untreated chemicals and wastes
into local streams that served as the water supply.
A. took B. carried C. got D. brought
55. Growing evidence of local and global pollution have given rise to ________________________ and the
environmental movement.
 A. environment B. environmentalist C. environmentalism D. environmental
56. A ___________________ is a waste material that pollutes air, water, or soil.
A. pollutant B. pollution C. polluting D. polluted
57. A manufacturing activity that ________________ air pollution is an example of a negative
externality in production.
A. impedes B. causes C. bring D. make
58. Pollution can also create costs for the firms _________________ the pollution.
A. produce B. produced C. produces D. producing
59. In 2005 _______________________ abatement capital expenditures and operating costs in the US
amounted to nearly $27 billion.
A. pollution B. polluting C. polluted D. pollutant
60. Globally ____________________ pollutants from combustion, construction, agriculture and warfare
are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.
A. natural B. fake C. human-made D. imitation
61. Motor vehicle _________________ are one of the leading causes of air pollution.
A. emissaries B. emissive C. emitting D. emissions
62. ____________________ air pollution comes from contemporary practices which include clear felling
and burning of natural vegetation, …
A. Agriculture B. Agricultural C. Agriculturalist D. Agriculturally
63. _________________ pollution can cause respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, throat
inflammation, chest pain, and congestion.
A. Ozone B. Ozocerite C. Ozonometry D. Ozoniferous

64. Oil _________________ can cause skin irritations and rashes.

A. tumbles B. spilling C. stumble D. spills
65. An air pollutant is a material in the air that can have _________________ effects on humans and the
ecosystem.
A. favorable B. adverse C. positive D. oppositional
66. _________________ pollutants are usually produced by processes such as ash from a volcanic
eruption.
A. First B. Secondary C. Primary D. Foremost
67. In 2012, air pollution caused _________________ deaths on average of 1 year in Europe.
A. premature B. overdue C. hasty D. rash
68. The world's worst short-term civilian pollution ______________ was the 1984 Bhopal Disaster in
India.
A. emergency B. catastrophe C. devastation D. crisis
69. Various air pollution control technologies and strategies are __________________ to reduce air
pollution.
A. obtainable B. accessible C. vacant D. available
70. In most developed countries, land-use planning is an ________________ part of social policy.
A. insignificant B. important C. imperative D. eminent
71. A large share of air pollution is caused by __________________ of fossil fuels such as coal and oil.
 A. combustion B. incineration C. emission D. wasting
72. In Canada, air pollution and associated health risks are __________________ with the Air Quality
Health Index or (AQHI).
A. computed B. evaluated C. measured D. appraised
73. While air pollution hotspots ____________________ a variety of populations, some groups are more
likely to be located in hotspots.
A. effect B. alter C. altercate D. affect
74. Hazardous land uses tend to be located where property values and income levels are
_______________.
A. high B. low C. reasonable D. affordable
75. ________________ pollution affects both health and behavior.
A. Noisette B. Noise C. Noisy D. Noisiness
76. Noise can have a __________________ effect on animals, increasing the risk of death by changing
the delicate balance in predator or prey detection.
A. detrimental B. beneficial C. useful D. destructive
77. Litter is a human impact on the environment and remains a ______________________
environmental issue in many countries.
A. thoughtful B. solemn C. momentous D. serious
78. Cigarette butts are the most littered item in the world, with 4.5 trillion ________________
annually.
A. rejected B. abandoned C. discarded D. disposed
79. Tires are the most often dumped ______________________ waste.
A. threatening B. hazardous C. lethal D. menacing
80. Animals may get trapped or ___________________ with litter in their habitats.
A. poisoned B. destroyed C. injured D. harmed
81. Street bins are provided by local authorities to be used as a ___________________ place for the
disposal and collection of litter.
A. adjacent B. convenient C. suitable D. expedient
82. However, the chemical structure of most plastics renders them resistant to many natural
processes of ___________________.
A. dilapidation B. deprivation C. ruin D. degradation
83. Plastic pollution can __________________ on land, waterways and oceans.
A. effect B. impact C. control D. bear
84. Air pollution is a major concern of new civilized world, which has a serious ___________________
impact on human health and the environment.
A. toxic B. toxin C. toxicological D. toxicology
85. It has a number of different emission sources, but motor vehicles and industrial processes
________________ the major part of air pollution.
A. contribute B. donate C. subsidize D. provide

86. Air pollution can further be _________________ into two sections- visible air pollution and
invisible air pollution.
 A. ranked B. rated C. classified D. arranged
87. A classic example of a primary pollutant would be the sulfur-dioxide _________________ from
factories.
A. emitted B. emitting C. emits D. emit
88. Secondary pollutants are the ones that are caused by the intermingling and ________________ of
primary pollutants.
A. reactivations B. reactions C. reactants D. reactivities
89. Petroleum refineries also release hydrocarbons and various other chemicals that
_____________________ the air and also cause land pollution.
A. poison B. spoil C. infect D. pollute
90. _________________ cleaning products, painting supplies emit toxic chemicals in the air and cause
air pollution.
A. Houseguest B. Houseboat C. Household D. Housebreak
91. Children in areas exposed to air pollutants are said to commonly ______________ from
pneumonia and asthma.
A. suffer B. ache C. agonize D. hurt
92. Another direct effect is the ___________________ alterations that the world is witnessing due to
global warming.
A. distant B. immediate C. speedy D. urgent
93. When it rains, the water droplets _____________________ with these air pollutants, becomes acidic
and then falls on the ground in the form of acid rain.
A. unit B. conjoin C. merge D. combine
94. Toxic chemicals present in the air can __________________ wildlife species to move to a new place
and change their habitat.
A. push B. press C. force D. make
95. The toxic pollutants _______________ over the surface of the water and can also affect sea
animals.
A. deposit B. drop C. dump D. put

96. Encouraging people to use more and more public modes of transportation to ___________________
pollution.
A. slash B. reduce C. demote D. relegate
97. _________________ fans and lights when you are going out.
A. Turn on B. Switch off C. Put on D. Snuff out
98. You can _________________ the environment from degradation by reducing the number of fossil
fuels to be burned.
A. save B. rescue C. revive D. abandon
99. Governments of various countries have been ___________________ grants to consumers who are
interested in installing solar panels for their home.
A. endowing B. providing C. imparting D. furnishing
100. Air pollution is one of the larger mirrors of man’s follies, and a challenge we need to
_______________ to see a tomorrow.
A. overpower B. overwhelm C. overcome D. overawe