WHOLE BRAIN LEARNING SYSTEM

OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE

Understanding Culture, Society
and Politics 11/12

LEARNING QUARTER 2
MODULE WEEK 2

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 MODULE IN
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
SOCIETY, AND POLITICS

QUARTER 2
WEEK 2

EDUCATION
Development Team
Writers: Clarisse C. Raval Mac Alwin Z. Tacang
Editors/Reviewers: Rhonel S. Bandiola Roxy G. Gaoiran
Richard A. Hapa
Layout Artist: Brylle B. Atienza
Management Team: Vilma D. Eda Arnel S. Bandiola
Lourdes B. Arucan Juanito V. Labao
Imelda Fatima G. Hernaez

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module UCSP 11/12 1

 What I Need to Know

What this module is about?

This module is a SELF-PACED learning material for you to continue your

studies in the comfort and safety of your home.

This module presents knowledge about the functions and importance of

education in the society. It contains interesting discussion that will guide you in
understanding these concepts. Activities are found in every lesson to test your
understanding and to help you retain better what you have learned.

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Examine the functions and importance of education in the society.

What you are expected to learn?

After going through the module, you are expected to:

 describe the functions of formal, informal and non-formal education
 analyze and evaluate how education affect the lives of all the people in one
society
 promote primary education as a human right

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 What I Know

Pre-test: Multiple Choice

Direction: In any clean sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct answer.
1) Which of the following is included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
a. Everyone has the right to education.
b. Education has to be free.
c. Education is compulsory at least in the primary level.
d. All of the above
2) Primary and secondary educations in the country are regulated by _____________.
a. CHED c. DepEd
b. TESDA d. Private Institutions
3) Which of the following is a primary function of education?
a. Socialization c. Courtship
b. To work in group d. Finding a business partner
4) This usually takes place in a classroom setting under the guidance of trained
teaching and non-teaching staff.
a. Formal education c. Education
b. Non-formal education d. Informal education
5) What term explains a social institution that formally socializes members of society?
a. School c. Formal education
b. Non-formal education d. Education
6) It is a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires and accumulates
knowledge, skills, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, at work,
at play and from life itself.
a. Non-formal education c. Formal education
b. Informal education d. Education
7) It refers to the education of persons who are physically, mentally, emotionally,
socially or culturally different from so-called “normal” individuals.
a. Tertiary education c. Special education
b. Elementary education d. Vocational education
8) It is an organized educational activity that takes place outside a formal set up.
a. Informal education c. Formal education
b. School d. Non-formal education
9) It is a parallel learning system in the Philippines that provides a practical option to
the existing formal instruction.
a. DepEd c. SPED
b. ALS d. UNESCO
10) It refers to an idea that a citizen can create opportunities to become productive.
a. Productive Citizenry c. Self-Actualization
b. Self-Esteem d. Physiological Needs

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 EDUCATION

What’s In

Activity 1.1: Essay

Direction: Proper and good education is very important for all of us. In your
opinion, is education a right or a privilege? Explain why and write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

What’s New

Introduction
Education is the social institution that formally socializes members of the
society. It also refers to the process through which skills, knowledge, and values are
transmitted from the teachers to the learners.

Education in the Philippines

The education in the Philippines is
managed and regulated by the Department of
Education, commonly referred to as the DepEd.
DepEd controls the Philippine education
system, including the creation and
implementation of the curriculum and the
utilization of funds allotted by the central
government. It also manages the construction
of schools, acquisition of books and other
school materials, and the recruitment of
teachers and staff.
Source::https://www.unicef.org/philippines/education

From 1945 until 2011, the basic

education system was composed of six years of elementary education starting at the
age of seven (changed to six later), and four years of high school education starting
at the age of 12. In 2011, the country started to transition from its 10-year basic
educational system to a K to 12 educational system. The new 12-year system is now
compulsory, along with the adoption of new curriculum for all schools ( the K to 12
program). The transition period will end in the school year 2017-2018, which is the
graduation date for the first group of students who entered the new educational
system.

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 Source::https://www.slideshare.net/arangkadaph/state-of-education-in-the-philippines-2012

All public schools in the Philippines must start classes on the date mandated
by the Department of Education and must end after each school completes the
mandated 200-day school calendar prepared by the Department of Education.

Today, the government of the Philippines has been very active in tapping the
educational system for the country's development efforts. With the adoption of the K
to 12 program, it is hoped that Philippine Educational System is now responding to the
demands of the economy for national development.

Functions of Education in a Society:

1) Giving training in specific skills or the basic general education literacy

2) Prepare people for occupation to the next
3) Preserving the culture from one generation to the next
4) Encouraging democratic participation by teaching verbal skills
5) Developing the person’s ability to think rationally and independently
6) Enriching life by enabling the student to expand his/her intellectual and
aesthetic horizons
7) Improving personal adjustment through personal counselling and such
courses as applied psychology, sex education, family living and drug abuse
8) Improving the health of the nation’s youth by providing physical exercise and
courses in hygiene
9) Producing patriotic citizens through lessons illustrating the country’s glory
10) Building character
The two most important goals of education for the individual and society are
productive citizenry and self-actualization. Productive citizenry refers to an idea
that a citizen can create opportunities to become productive. Self-actualization refers
to a desire for self-fulfillment. If an individual’s self-fulfillment is through achieving his

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dreams and aspirations in life, once these are achieved, he reaches the level of self-
actualization.
Primary Education as a Human Right
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has the right
to education. Education has to be free and compulsory at least in the primary level,
higher education and technical-vocational education should be made generally
available.
In the statement of United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO), education is a fundamental human right and essential for
the exercise of all other human rights. It promotes individual freedom and
empowerment and yields important development benefits.
Education is a powerful tool by which economically and socially marginalized
adults and children can lift themselves out of poverty and participate fully as citizens.
Hence in the Philippines, primary education is considered a right of a child. It is
enshrined in the 1987 Philippine Constitution.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Activity 1.2: Checking for understanding

From what you have learned, we can say that education is indeed a powerful
tool to success. Education gives us a knowledge of the world around us and changes
it into something better. Give five (5) reasons and explain why education is important
in your life.

1) _________________________________________________________________
2) _________________________________________________________________
3) _________________________________________________________________
4) _________________________________________________________________
5) _________________________________________________________________

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 FORMAL EDUCATION

What is It

Formal education refers to the

systematic and deliberate process of
hierarchically structured and sequential
learning corresponding to the general
concept of elementary and secondary
level of schooling. It usually takes place
in a classroom setting and provided by
trained teaching and non-teaching staff.

Formal education shall correspond to the following levels in basic education:

 Pre-school education aims to develop children in all aspects (physical,

social, emotional, and cognitive) so that they will be better prepared to
adjust and cope with life situations and the demands of formal schooling.
 Elementary education is the first part of the educational system, and it
includes the first six years of compulsory education from grade1 to grade
6.
 Secondary education is continuing basic education from the elementary
level to four years of junior high school and two years of senior high school.
 Tertiary education is offered by private and public colleges and
universities. Most higher education institutions offer four-year degree
programs with two (2) semesters per year.
 Vocational education is an accredited institution offer technical and
vocational education. Programs offered vary in duration from a few weeks
to two years.
 Special education (SPED) refers to the education of persons who are
physically, mentally, emotionally, socially or culturally different from so-
called “normal” individuals, such that they require modification of school
practices to develop their potential.

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 What’s More

Activity 2:
Write down five (5) things that you normally learn from the classroom:
1) _________________________________________________________________
2) _________________________________________________________________
3) _________________________________________________________________
4) _________________________________________________________________
5) _________________________________________________________________

INFORMAL EDUCATION

What’s In

Activity 3:
Direction: What are the first words that comes in your mind when you hear the
word “Informal Education”? Copy the diagram below in any clean sheet of paper. Write
the first words that come in your mind in the boxes.

Informal
Education

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 What’s New

It is a lifelong process of learning by

which every person acquires and
accumulates knowledge, skills, attitudes and
insights from daily experiences at home, at
work, at play and from life itself. A child in a
traditional formal educational system can
also have an informal education. Informal
learning can come from a licensed teacher if
they teach you something outside of the
curriculum, but under informal education,
anyone can be a teacher regardless of
credentials or whether or not they have a
teaching license. In fact, it’s most likely that
your first informal teachers are your parents and the people you lived with growing up.

And unlike formal education which stops at a certain age or until you graduate
or decide to leave an educational institution, it is possible for you to continue learning
informally. Even fully-grown middle-aged adults can continue to benefit from informal
learning as long as they are willing to learn for their own benefit.

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

What’s New

It is an organized educational activity that

takes placed outside a formal set up or
outside the framework of the formal system
to provide selected types of learning to a
segment of the population. It has no age-
limit, even adults can take part in a non-
formal education program. One example
for this is the Alternative Learning System
Source:http://www.cavite.info/article/non-formal-education-in-
(ALS) of the Department of Education.
the-philippines.html

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 Alternative Learning System (ALS) is a parallel learning system in the
Philippines that provides a practical option to the existing formal instruction. When one
does not have or cannot access formal education in schools, ALS is an alternate or
substitute. ALS includes both the non-formal and informal sources of knowledge and
skills.
Many Filipinos do not have a chance to attend and finish formal basic education
due to many reasons. Some drop out from schools while some do not have schools in
their communities. Since every Filipino has a right to free basic education, non-formal
education are established to provide all Filipinos the chance to have access to and
complete basic education in a mode that fits their distinct situations and needs.

What is It

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

(Source: https://ezinearticles.com/?Non-Formal-Education-in-the-Philippines&id=4760423)

Non-formal Education is one of the means to spread literacy and employable skills to the
people and it covers a much larger audience than the formal system. The NFE in Philippines
is designed to assist the out-of-school youth and adults who have been deprived of formal
education. There may be varying reasons for this. It may include the economic, social and
geographical limitations which have hindered the path of literacy and employable skills.
The mission of the NFE program in Philippines is to empower the people with "desirable
knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values that will enable him/her to think critically and
creatively, act innovatively and humanely in improving the quality of his/her life and that
of his/her family, community and country."
The main objective of NFE in Philippines is to reduce the number of illiterates in the country
and provide them with need-based literacy programmes and also develop basic
employable skills. Activities like vocational training, adult reading classes, family planning
sessions as well as leadership workshops for community leaders.
The main thrust of NFE is on the acquisition of skills needed for earning livelihood and to
survive the competitiveness in the labor market. The horizons of non-formal education are
far wider as compared to the formal system.
NFE reaches out to a greater audience irrespective of demographic characteristics, socio-
economic conditions and varied general interests. In a few words, this system reaches out
to all those people who might otherwise never get a chance to have any sort of education.

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 What’s More

Activity 4:
Direction: You have learned the different types of education. Now, you are to fill in the
needed data in the table below based on what you have acquired from the lessons.

Formal Education Informal Education Non-formal

Education

Different Types of
Education

Definition

Objectives

Source of
Acquiring
Knowledge

Advantages

Disadvantages

Now that your through with the module, CONGRATULATIONS!!! You are ready for the
posttest. Answer the posttest and find out how well you have gone through the module.
Compare your score with that of the pretest. If you got higher, that means that you have
learned something. GOOD LUCK!

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 Assessment

Post-test: Multiple Choice

Direction: In any clean sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct answer.

1) It refers to the education of persons who are physically, mentally, emotionally,

socially or culturally different from so-called “normal” individuals.
a. Tertiary education c. Special education
b. Elementary education d. Vocational education
2) Which of the following is a primary function of education?
a. Socialization c. Courtship
b. To work in group d. Finding a business partner
3) Which of the following is included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
a. Everyone has the right to education.
b. Education has to be free.
c. Education is compulsory at least in the primary level.
d. a, b, c
4) It is a parallel learning system in the Philippines that provides a practical option to
the existing formal instruction.
a. DepEd c. SPED
b. ALS d. UNESCO
5) It usually takes placed in a classroom setting and provided by trained teaching
and non-teaching staff.
a. Formal education c. Education
b. Non-formal education d. Informal education
6) Primary and secondary education is regulated by
a. CHED c. DepEd
b. TESDA d. Private Institutions
7) It is an organized educational activity that takes placed outside a formal set up.
a. Informal education c. Formal education
b. School d. Non-formal education
8) It is a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires and accumulates
knowledge, skills, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, at work,
at play and from life itself.
a. Non-formal education c. Formal education
b. Informal education d. Education
9) Refers to an idea that a citizen can create opportunities to become productive.
a. Productive Citizenry c. Self-Actualization
b. Self-Esteem d. Physiological Needs
10) What term explains a social institution that formally socializes members of society?
a. School c. Formal education
b. Non-formal education d. Education

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13 UCSP 11/12 Self-Learning Module MELC-Aligned WBLS-OBE
What’s In Pre-test :
(Activity 1.1) 1. d
Answers may vary
Assessment: 2. c
What I Have Learned
1. c 3. a
(Activity 1.2)
2. a Answers may vary 4. a
3. d 5. a
What’s More
4. b (Activity 2) 6. b
Answers may vary
5. a 7. c
6. c What’s In 8. d
(Activity 3)
7. d 9. b
Answers may vary
8. b 10. a
What’s More
9. a (Activity 4)
10. a
Answers may vary
Answer Key
References
Baleṅa, Ederlina et. al. (2016) Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics (pp. 106-111).
Quezon City: Educational Resources Corporation

OTHER SOURCES:

https://infed.org/mobi/informal-non-formal-and-formal-education-a-brief-overview-of-some-
different-approaches/

https://sirdenzmodules.blogspot.com/2019/07/uscp-55-to-7-educationreligion-and.html'

https://www.througheducation.com/the-different-types-of-education/

https://medium.com/@yurivanetik/what-are-the-three-types-of-education-and-how-do-they-
differ-ad421092b6ee

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Laoag City

Curriculum Implementation Division
Brgy. 23 San Matias, Laoag City, 2900
Contact Number: (077)-771-3678
Email Address: laoag.city@deped.gov.ph

WBLS-OBE MELC-Aligned Self-Learning Module UCSP 11/12