English 6

English – Grade 6
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Purpose and Text Structure of Informative/Factual Text
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Jaymar O. Millamena

Editor: Rosalina B. Mejorada
Reviewer: Rosalina B. Mejorada
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Marisol Aspuria Baguisi
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by the Department of Education – Schools Division of Pasig City
 English 6
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1
Purpose and Text Structure of
Informative/Factual Text
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the English 6 Self-Learning Module on Purpose and Text

Structure of Informative/Factual Text.

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st-century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the English 6 Self-Learning Module on Purpose and Text

Structure of Informative/Factual Text.

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-instructional module in English 6. All the activities

provided in this lesson you will help you learn and understand: Purpose and
Text Structure of Informative/Factual Text.

PRETEST

Directions: Read the selection below and identify its purpose whether it’s to
persuade, to entertain or to inform. Write the answer on the space before the
number.

1. How the Heart Works

The heart is at the center of the circulatory system, which is a
network of blood vessels that delivers blood to every part of the body.
Blood carries oxygen and other important nutrients that all body organs
need to stay healthy and to work properly. It is a muscle, and its job is
to pump blood throughout the circulatory system. It is divided into two
separate pumping systems, the right side and the left side. The right
side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from veins and pumps it to
your lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The
left side of the heart receives oxygen-rich blood from lungs and pumps
it through the arteries to the rest of the body. It has four separate
chambers that pump blood, two on the right side and two on the left.
Purpose: ______________________

2. Parts of the Heart

The heart is made up of four chambers: two upper chambers
known as the left atrium and right atrium and two lower chambers
called the left and right ventricles. It is also made up of four valves: the
tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral and aortic valves. The right atrium
 receives non-oxygenated blood from the body’s largest veins — superior
vena cava and inferior vena cava and pumps it through the tricuspid
valve to the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps the blood through
the pulmonary valve to the lungs, where it becomes oxygenated. The
left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it
through the mitral valve to the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps
oxygen-rich blood through the aortic valve to the aorta and the rest of
the body.
Purpose: ______________________

3. Experts Raise Public Awareness of Heart Attack

"A few of our advocacies is the 52100 campaign and it means five
servings of fruit and vegetables, two hours of screen time only for
children, two grams of salt in food, one hour of exercise daily or one-
minute movement every hour, and zero sugary beverages and zero
smoking. Our other advocacies include sneakers Friday, which
encourages people to wear sneakers on Fridays so they'll walk for at
least an hour, which is good for the heart. We also have the CPR
(cardiopulmonary resuscitation) hands only, which encourages
everybody even children one year and above to learn CPR and be able
to save lives.” -PHA Vice President Dr. Aurelia Leus
Purpose: ______________________

4. Love a Soft Person by Nikita Gill

Love a soft person. The kind whose heart breaks over puppies
and injured children. Someone who cries over sad endings to movies. A
human being who always has a kind smile for everyone, even when they
do not get a smile back in return.
Purpose: ______________________

5. If you want to form a strong relationship with your dog, try playing
fetch. It’s fun and easy to do, and if everything goes well your dog should
 do most of the fetching. Just find something that your dog wants to
retrieve, such as a stick, a thick rope tied in knots, or a squeaky toy.
Show it to your dog to get his or her interest. Shake it around in your
hand and call out the dog’s name. Once they are paying attention, throw
the object as far as you can. Be careful not to throw it anywhere that
you wouldn’t want your dog to go, like the middle of the road or under
a china cabinet. Hopefully your dog will bring the object back to you.
When he or she does, praise your dog and command him or her to drop
the object. Pick it up and repeat the process for the next 10 to 15 years.
Purpose: ______________________

RECAP

We have learned that text structure refers to the way an author

arranges information in his writing. Text structure enables authors to
organize their thoughts as they write. It also provides a structure in which
information can be found and understood while it is being read.
Some of these text structures are Enumeration, Cause and Effect,
Problem and Solution.

LESSON

Today, let us talk about the Purpose of an Informational Text: using

enumeration as its structure.
Enumeration is a process by which the writer is listing details or
mentioning words or phrases. It is a technique used by an author in writing.
Whenever an author writes a text, paragraph or line, he has many
reasons. There are three main purposes. These are to persuade, to inform
and to entertain.
 1. The author writes to persuade because he wants you to believe on what
you read.
Examples of texts written to persuade include essays and ads.
2. The author writes to inform because he wants to give an information of
a topic.
Examples of texts written to inform include encyclopedia and
textbooks.
3. The author writes to entertain because he wants you to enjoy what you
are reading.
Examples of text written to entertain include stories, poems, and
dramas.

Here is a good example of a paragraph that uses Enumeration as a

technique in organizing the author’s ideas. Read the selection below and tell
its purpose.

If you want to form a strong relationship with your dog, try playing
fetch. It’s fun and easy to do, and if everything goes well your dog should do
most of the fetching. Just find something that your dog wants to retrieve, such
as a stick, a thick rope tied in knots, or a squeaky toy. Show it to your dog to
get his or her interest. Shake it around in your hand and call out the dog’s
name. Once they are paying attention, throw the object as far as you can. Be
careful not to throw it anywhere that you wouldn’t want your dog to go, like
the middle of the road or under a china cabinet. Hopefully your dog will bring
the object back to you. When he or she does, praise your dog and command
him or her to drop the object. Pick it up and repeat the process for the next
10 to 15 years.
Purpose: __________________

Guided Practice
Directions: Read the following paragraphs and identify the purpose of each
text.
1. The ability of a building to withstand the stress of an earthquake
depends upon its type of construction, shape, mass distribution, and
rigidity. Different combinations are used. To reduce stress, first, the
building's ground floor must be flexible. One method is to support the
ground floor with extremely rigid, hollow columns, while the rest of the
building is supported by flexible columns located inside the hollow
columns. A different method is to use rollers or rubber pads to separate
the base columns from the ground, allowing the columns to shake
parallel during an earthquake. Next, the outdoor walls should be made
with stronger and more reinforced materials such as steel or reinforced
concrete. Then, to help prevent collapsing, the roof should be made out
of light-weight materials.
Purpose: __________________

2. I Have a Dream (by Martin Luther King)

“When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every
village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able
to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white
men, Jews and Gentiles, protestants and Catholics, will be able to join
hands and sing in the words of ole Negro spiritual, Free at last! Free at
last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!
Purpose: ___________________

3. Buddhist worship takes the form of meditation, devotion to the Buddha

and Bodhisattvas, and living with moral purity in one’s thoughts,
words, and actions. It has a wide variety of manifestations. Mahayana
Buddhists may sit on the floor barefoot, facing an image of the Buddha,
listen to monks chanting from religious texts, and take part in prayers
to elicit a spiritual experience. The Theravada tradition emphasizes
religious practice for monks but minimizes its importance for the laity.
In Tibetan Buddhist communities, it is common to use prayer beads,
wheels, and flags to assist in prayer (mantras) with the goal of becoming
a buddha oneself. Zen is a form of Buddhist meditation that rejects both
 theoretical knowledge and the study of religious texts in favor of direct,
experiential realization through meditation. At home, Buddhists often
designate a room as a shrine where they utilize a statue of Buddha,
candles, and an incense burner in their ritual practice.
Purpose: __________________

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1
Read and classify the following informational/factual text according to
purpose. Write the letter of each text under their classification in the table.

To Persuade To Inform To Entertain

A. The skeleton, like the body it supports, have three principal parts-the
head, the trunk and the limbs. The bones of the head are joined
together to form the skull. In the trunk or the middle section of the
body framework are the backbone or spinal column, the ribs, and the
breastbone. The bones of the arms and the legs form the limbs. The
limbs have bones of different lengths and sizes

B. According to “Healthline”, a website that focuses on health issues, we

should stay hydrated for various reasons.
Here are 7 evidence-based health benefits of drinking plenty of water.
 Helps maximize physical performance
 Significantly affects energy levels and brain function
 May help prevent and treat headaches.
 May help relieve constipation
 May help treat kidney stones
  Helps prevent hangovers
 Can aid weight loss
These reasons are more than enough for you to drink eight glasses of
water every day.

C. Monique is an honest child. When she receives an amount exceeds

her actual change, she returns it. When she boards a jeep, and the
driver gives her an excess change for her fare, she gives it back.
Whenever she finds something in the classroom that doesn’t belong to
her, she gives it to the rightful owner. That is why her parents are very
proud of her.

D. Despite its rapid spread, Islam is not a religion for those who are
casual about regulations. On the contrary, adhering to the rules of
Islam takes effort and discipline. One must rise before dawn to
observe the first of five prayers required daily, none of which can take
place without first cleansing oneself according to an established ritual
or ceremony. Sleep, work, and recreational activities take second place
to prayer. Fasting for the month of Ramadan, undertaking the
pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime, paying tax for relief of
the Muslim poor, and accepting Islam’s creed require a serious and an
energetic commitment. On the whole, the vast majority of Muslims
worldwide do observe those tenets.

E. Birds are the only animals with feathers. They all have wings and most
can fly. Birds are vertebrates. They are warm-blooded, which means
their bodies stay at about the same temperature, whatever the
weather. Young birds hatch from eggs, and adult birds often build a
nest to keep the the eggs and babies safe. Birds live in every part of
the world- in forests, deserts, cities, oceans, marshlands and on
mountaintops.
Activity 2
Read the following paragraphs and identify the author’s purpose. Write your
answer on the blank.

1. Eyebrows are part of the face which serve two purposes- for beauty
and protection. Eyebrows make the face more beautiful by calling
the attention to the eyes. They make the eyes look healthier and
brighter.
Eyebrows do not only beautify the face but also protect the eyes from
sweat. Without the eyebrows, drops of sweat may run into the eyes
and blur the sight. Sweat itself is a waste product and should be rid
of. _____________________

2. Old clothes, scraps of cloth, old newspapers and magazines, worn-

out stockings, and many discarded things can be made useful. They
can be made into toys, placemats, potholders, pillow slip covers or
even flowers.
When properly made, these articles can be given away as gifts, or
used at home for household purposes, or be sold to earn money.
One doesn’t have to buy new materials to produce something new.
Next time you want to throw, “used old things”, stop a while. You
may be able to make something new out of them.
_____________________

3. It was Wednesday morning, Mother prepared some nice dishes while

Ariel cleaned the house. Armin arranged the furniture and Cecile
changed the curtains. They helped each other cheerfully. They
wanted to surprise their youngest brother, Rolando, who’s
celebrating his eleventh birthday.
In the afternoon, they all waited at the porch. Soon Rolando’s friends
started to arrive. _____________________
 WRAP-UP

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the three purposes of the author?
2. What is the purpose if the authors wanted you to believe on a certain
idea? if he wanted to give information? and if he wanted you to enjoy
what you are reading?

VALUING

We all have differences in faith. Some of us are Buddhists, some are

Christians, Islam and many other religions. We may have different religious
practices but there is one thing that unites us all, it is faith in God. When
there is faith, there is hope. It serves as an encouragement when we,
sometimes, feel weak in battling against our enemies in many different forms.
So, keep your faith in God.

POSTTEST

Directions: Read the selections and then answer the questions that follow.
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line before the number.

“People Who Need People”

Everyone needs help sometime. Humans depend on one another. That's
why communities everywhere have special people to lend a helping hand to
anyone who needs it.
For example, what would our citizens do without a community fire
department? If a home catches on fire, it might be destroyed and the
inhabitants hurt . . . or worse. We're so fortunate to have trained firefighters
to come to the rescue and put out the fire, safely.
And what about our local police who protect our families, our homes,
and our belongings? The police have helped so many families this past year,
especially rescuing people and pets and protecting our property after the
flood.
Think about all the other service workers we have in this community.
We have sanitation workers who collect trash and keep our community clean.
We have road workers who put up and repair traffic signs and fix potholes in
the streets to protect not just us, but the tires on our cars! And where would
this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors, nurses,
and technicians in our community clinics?
We benefit so much from all these tireless workers who keep our
community running. But these services are expensive. As citizens, we pay
taxes, it's true, and some of the taxes go toward buying the services we need.
But today, there's just not enough money. Times are hard and the economy
has slowed. Plants are closing and people are losing their jobs and homes.
But citizens still need services!
Many service workers are thinking of leaving and going to other
communities where they'll be paid a better wage, one that allows them to
support their families. They can't afford to live here anymore and we can't
afford to let them leave.
We need these people in the community. So join with us today as we
petition for changes to our tax system that will allow our community to keep
more of the tax dollars to invest in service workers who live right here in the
community.
Please sign our petition now, and be sure to vote for Proposition 6X1 on
Election Day!

_____ 1. What is the author’s most important purpose for writing the
selection?
A. to inform readers about what firefighters do
B. to persuade readers to sign a petition about taxes
 C. to teach readers how to use the new voting machines
D. to entertain readers with an exciting story about a flood

_____ 2. Which question could best help someone figure out this author’s
purpose?
A. Did the author make me laugh?
B. Did the author want me to do something?
C. Did the author teach me what to do in case of fire?
D. Did the author inform me about how to become a teacher?

_____ 3. If the last paragraph had NOT been written, what do you think the
author’s purpose would have been?
A. to thank citizens for paying taxes
B. to inform readers about the dangers of potholes
C. to explain to citizens what community services are
D. to remind citizens about the many services they have available

_____ 4. Why do you think the author believes that the readers will sign the
petition?
A. because they have cars
B. because they like firefighters
C. because they need STOP signs
D. because they are members of the community

_____ 5. How does the first sentence give a clue about the author's purpose?
A. It signals that the selection is fiction.
B. It signals that the author is not an American.
C. It signals that the author is talking about math.
D. It signals that the author may ask readers to do something to
help others.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. D To inform 5.
4. D To entertain 4.
3. D To entertain To entertain – C To persuade 3.
2. B To persuade To inform – A, D, E To inform 2.
1. B To inform To persuade - B To inform 1.
Posttest Activity 2 Activity 1 Pretest

References
Birds. Aquino, Analie F., Essential Language Skill book 4, Cultural Publisher p.47
EyeBrows. Capili et al, Developing Reading Power 5, St. Mary’s Publishing, p. 2
Islam. Adapted from Jan Goodwin, Price of Honor, Plume Books, 2002 p.29
How the Heart Works. Children’s Reference: The Human Body. 2011.WS
PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS, INC, Manila, Philippines
Parts of the Heart. Children’s Reference: The Human Body. 2011.WS
PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS, INC, Manila, Philippines
Rolando’s Birthday. Capili et al, Developing Reading Power 5, St. Mary’s
Publishing,180
Skeleton. Talosig, Lea G, All Around English, (Cultural Publisher) p.67
Used Old Things. Capili et al, Developing Reading Power 5, St. Mary’s Publishing,
p.180
Buddhist Worship. July 4, 2020.
https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/buddhist-practices
Experts Raise Public Awareness of Heart Attack. July 4, 2020
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1061706?fbclid=IwAR3zyypPfi1oGix2HKStwS2p
Htiuok0zrvCGYy4xxZMfHFPq2znlL2fHcKE
Healthline. July 4,2020 (Leech Joe - MS “7 Science-Based Health Benefits of
Drinking Enough Water” https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/7-health-benefits-
of-water
I Have a Dream (by Martin Luther King). July 4, 2020
https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
Love a Soft Person by Nikita Gill. July 4, 2020
https://thoughtcatalog.com/nikitagill/2016/02/love-a-soft-person/
“People Who Need People”. July 4, 2020
https://resources.finalsite.net/images/v1585076983/chinaspringisdnet/i3vs8hov
6tvijgyadjxl/8thGradeHighTechAuthorPurposePractice.pdf
Text in Pretest, No. 5. July 4, 2020. https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-
structure/text- structure-worksheets/
Text in Guided Practice No. 1. https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-
structure/text- structure-worksheets/