AF4. Teoria de aislamiento anti-vibratorio y ejemplos.

Aeroelasticity Class
Cesar Eduardo Perez Betancourt 1884251 Lab 108

ABSTRACT. –
This paper introduces the application and studies from isolation manufacturers.

INTRODUCTION
Vibration is an oscillatory motion. Any body with mass and elasticity can vibrate. The simplest type of vibrating
system is called a single-degree-of-freedom spring-mass system. The spring is characterized by its spring rate, K,
and a mass, M.

Figure 1: Simple Mass Spring System

This system is called a single-degree-of-freedom system because motion can occur in only one direction. Spring
rate defines the force required to induce a unit deflection of a spring. A steel spring has a linear relationship
between force and deflection. Elastomeric springs may or may not be linear depending on the amount and
direction of the load. Nonlinearity can be designed into elastomeric springs to achieve certain results. Elastomeric
springs also differ from steel springs in that their stiffness is sensitive to the rate or speed of deflection. If a rubber
spring is deflected quickly, it appears stiffer than if it is deflected slowly.

Vibration isolation refers to the use of resilient mountings and mounting structures to reduce vibration propagation
from one point to the next. Vibration isolation is the separation, or isolation, of the vibratory forces or motion of
one entity from that of another. To do this, a versatile material is often placed between the driving target and the
driven object.

Such materials can only pass a limited portion of the vibrational forces to the driven part if they are extremely
flexible.
Vibration isolators with damping will significantly minimize vibration transmission at higher frequencies while also
allowing a significant amount of vibration transmission at the system's resonant level.

Figure 2: Simple Spring Damper System

CONTENT
Vibration Isolation can be accomplished by changing the stiffness and damping between the cause of vibration and
the unit to be shielded from the vibrations using heavily damped, compatible materials such as rubber. The problem
of isolating a device from a source of vibration is investigated in terms of minimizing vibration displacement
transmitted by base motion.

The problem of isolating a device from a source of vibration is investigated in terms of minimizing vibration
displacement transmitted by base motion. Experimental techniques must be used to define the unit parameters
(mass, stiffness, and damping), as well as modeling the system dynamics, to overcome a vibration problem.
Preventing a vibration phenomenon from occurring in the first place is the simplest solution. It is much more costly
to create a decent design and then attempt to fix it later than it is to build a bad design and then try to fix it later.

Applications
Applications for vibration isolation can be split into two classes. The first is designed to prevent vibration from
transferring from a piece of machinery to the frame it is placed on. In reciprocating engines, large fans, electric
motors, among other uses, this vibration isolation system is used. Optocouplers and optical isolators are two of the
most common methods used to achieve electrical isolation. Optical isolators have a range of benefits over traditional
optocouplers, including cost savings, decreased component count, and improved longevity.

Vibration velocity or amplitude transmission to sensitive equipment installed on the floor or another structural
member is minimized in the second type of vibration isolation application. The mounting of an optical bench on a
large table backed by large vibration isolators is part of this application form.

Fabricants
• Parker (LORD)
• Equipnet
• Newport
• VibroDynamics
• Texas Instruments
• Kinetics Noise Control

Because the issue of vibration isolation against harmonic forces for large (heavy) devices quickly becomes that of
static deflection, which can result in accidents, ensuring a trustworthy service provider is essential. Coiled springs
are often used in machines that need extreme isolation to provide the substantial static deflection needed at low
frequencies.

Shock Isolation

A soft reactive spring, such as those used for vibration isolation, will let a large portion of a shock wave penetrate
the member we are trying to shield. Shock insulation devices are designed by looking at the shock spectrum. In
terms of technology and hardware, shock isolation varies from vibration isolation.

REFERENCES

[1] Vibration Isolation Theory. (2018, 19 julio). LORD Corp. https://www.lord.com/products-and-

solutions/vibration-and-motion-control/industrial/isolators/vibration-isolation-theory

[2] Vibration Isolators - Vibration Isolator. (s. f.). Https://Www.Newport.Com/c/Vibration-

Isolators. Recuperado 16 de mayo de 2021, de https://www.newport.com/c/vibration-

isolators