Test Bank For Foundations of Behavioral Neuroscience, 9th Edition, CH13

CHAPTER 13: HUMAN COMMUNICATION
Topic Question Factual Con

Type
Speech Multiple 3-5,7-9,11,17,19,21-23,25-31,33,35,35,37,40,-42,44,46.4750,51,53-56 2,6,10,12-16

Production and Choice
Comprehension: 39,43
Brain
True-False 1-14
Mechanisms
Short-Answer 1-5
Essay
Essay 1-4
Disorders of Multiple 57,58,63-67,68,69,71,73-76,78 59,60-6

Reading and Choice
Writing
True-False 15-18
Short-Answer 6-8
Essay
Essay 5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

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CHAPTER 13: HUMAN COMMUNICATION
13.1 Multiple Choice
1) Imagine that you could interview Mr. S., the central character of the communication chapter prologue.
Which of the following would be true of his capacity to interact with you?
A) He would be unable to hear non-speech sounds.
B) He would be unable to answer verbal questions.
C) He would be unable to recall information he learned prior to his stroke.
D) His short-term memory would be impaired.
E) He could not answer written questions.
Answer: B
Rationale: If you could interview Mr. S., the central character of the communication chapter prologue, he
would be unable to answer verbal questions.
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 335 Objective: Applied
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
2) The key function of human verbal behavior is to

A) have behavioral effects on others.
B) allow us to protect our property from others.
C) allow us to hide our emotions..
D) convey information about our environment..
E) locate objects in space.
Answer: A
Rationale: The key function of human verbal behavior is to have behavioral effects on others.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 335 Objective: Conceptual
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
3) A key source of our knowledge about the physiology of language is studies of

A) blood flow to language areas in intact, normal people while they are talking.
B) non-human primates.
C) people who have suffered brain damage.
D) patients with brain tumors.
E) changes in verbal behavior after the consumption of drugs such as alcohol.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 335 Objective: Factual
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
4) ______ reflects a(n) ______ in the production or comprehension of speech.

A) Agraphia; deficit
B) Aphasia; enhancement
C) Alexia; enhancement
D) Alexia; enhancement
E) Aphasia; deficit
Answer: E
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
5) Which of the following is a primary disturbance in comprehension or production of speech that is often
caused by brain damage?

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A) alexia
B) dysgraphia
C) aphasia
D) agraphia
E) autism
Answer: C
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
6) Which of the following would not be considered to be an example of aphasia?

A) Speech production difficulty after brain damage.
B) A stroke involving the left hemisphere impairs speech production.
C) Impaired language comprehension after years of excessive alcohol consumption.
D) Impaired language comprehension in a college sophomore after a single night of drinking during
spring break. 술처먹고 언어능력 상실된건 aphasia가 아니다.
E) Speech difficulty produced by paralysis of the vocal cords.
Answer: D
Rationale: Impaired language comprehension in a college sophomore after a single night of
drinking during spring break is not an example of aphasia.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 335
Objective: Conceptual
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
7) The most recent source of information about the physiology of language is from
A) studies of autistic children.
B) functional imaging of brain activity during verbal behavior in normal subjects. 최근엔 뇌 이미지로.
C) studies of persons with stroke.
D) studies of verbal behavior in persons with brain lesions.
E) studies using electrical stimulation on verbal behavior in seizure patients.
Answer: B
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
8) Which of the following is a reliable means by which to determine which side of the brain is dominant
for speech?
A) Ask whether an individual is left-handed or right-handed.
B) Watch the direction of eye movement when a person thinks of a purely linguistic question.
C) Assess changes in cerebral blood flow during verbal behavior.
Cerebral blood flow 측정하면 어느쪽 반구가 speech인지 알 수 있다.
D) Administer a CT scan.
E) Note in which hand the person holds a book while reading aloud.
Answer: C
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
9) Which of the following is true of handedness and hemispheric speech dominance?

A) Over 90 percent of the population shows right-hemisphere dominance for speech.
B) Left-hemisphere speech dominance is noted in 50 percent of right-handed people.
C) Left-hemisphere speech dominance is noted in 50 percent of ambidextrous people.
D) Over 90 percent of the population shows left-hemisphere dominance for speech. 90%가 좌뇌 스피치
E) Right hemisphere damage does not alter speech in left-handed people.

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Answer: D
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
10) Verbal behavior is said to be a lateralized function of the left hemisphere in that
A) most language problems are noted after damage to the right rather than the left hemisphere.
B) most language problems are noted after damage to the left rather than the right hemisphere.
C) right-handed persons are more likely to have their language center located within the right hemisphere.
D) electrical stimulation of the left hemisphere has a smaller effect on language than does similar
stimulation of the right hemisphere.
E) most persons show a greater movement of the lips on the right side of their mouth during speech.
Answer: B
Rationale: Verbal behavior is said to be a lateralized function of the left hemisphere in that most
language problems are noted after damage to the left rather than the right hemisphere.
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
11) In the study of handedness and hemispheric speech lateralization, what measure was used to
determine hemispheric dominance?
A) changes in cerebral blood flow
B) accumulation of radioactive 2-DG in neurons
C) PET scans of brain activity
D) MRI scans of brain activity
E) EEG studies of brain activity
Answer: A
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
12) The left hemisphere is better than the right hemisphere at

A) recognizing the emotional tone in a voice.
B) assembling a narrative of what we want to say. C) perceiving spatial relationships.
D) production and analysis of speech. 좌뇌는 언어능력
E) controlling speech sounds that comprise prosody.
Answer: D
Rationale: The left hemisphere is better than the right hemisphere at production and analysis of speech.
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
13) Damage to the right hemisphere would likely interfere with which function? 우뇌는 공간지각
A) moving the right hand
B) understanding speech
C) producing speech
D) reading complex written instructions
E) reading a map
Answer: E
Rationale: Damage to the right hemisphere would likely interfere with reading a map.
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
14) Damage to the right hemisphere would likely interfere with which function?

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A) producing speech
B) understanding speech
C) moving the right hand
D) reading complex written instructions
E) using prosody cues(운율) in speech to communicate your emotional state to others
Answer: E
Rationale: Damage to the right hemisphere would likely interfere with using prosody cues in speech to
communicate your emotional state to others.
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
15) A person with damage to the right hemisphere would have the most difficulty in 우뇌 – 감정 이해
A) reading complex written instructions.
B) understanding the emotional state of a speaker.
C) producing speech.
D) moving the right hand and the right leg.
E) spelling complicated technical words.
Answer: B
Rationale: A person with damage to the right hemisphere would have the most difficulty in
understanding the emotional state of a speaker.
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
16) Speech starts with decisions as to what will be said and can involve our current or past perceptions.
The brain regions that are responsible for having something to say would be those located
A) in the primary motor cortex.
B) distal to the hippocampus.
C) in the posterior portions of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes.
D) on either side of the corpus callosum.
E) in the anterior portions of the cerebral hemispheres.
Answer: C
Rationale: The brain regions that are responsible for having something to say would be those located in
the posterior portions of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes.
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
17) People with Broca's aphasia have difficulty

A) writing words on paper.
B) spelling simple words.
C) understanding speech.
D) producing speech.
E) recognizing the emotional content of speech.
Answer: D
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
18) ________ are examples of function words, while ________ are examples of content words.
A) "Some" and "the"; "apple" and "fail"
B) "Throw" and "heave"; "some" and "the"
C) "Apple" and "fail"; "some" and "the"

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D) "Person" and "difficult"; "a" and "in"
E) "Some" and "the"; "a" and "in"
Answer: A
Rationale: "Some" and "the" are examples of function words, while "apple" and "fail"are examples of
content words.
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
19) A person suffering from Broca's aphasia would be expected to

A) show great difficulty in articulating(articulate:표현하다) words.
B) easily articulate words like "cigarette."
C) show fluent, articulate speech.
D) be unable to answer yes or no questions about object functions.
E) be unable to read.
Answer: A
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
20) People with Broca's aphasia would have the most difficulty
A) spelling content words.
B) saying function words.
C) reading a map.
D) recognizing complex geometrical forms.
E) saying content words.
Answer: B
Rationale: People with Broca's aphasia would have the most difficulty saying function words.
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
21) The KE family is remarkable in that their speech disorder has been linked to
A) a single gene on chromosome 7.
B) abnormal neural development of the posterior association cortex.
C) abnormal neural development of the right frontal cortex.
D) the use of recreational drugs such as cocaine and alcohol.
E) a single gene on chromosome 21.
Answer: A
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
22) The key brain regions involved in Broca's aphasia is/are

A) portions of the planum temporale.
B) left posterior cerebral cortex.
C) the arcuate fasciculus.
D) inferior right frontal lobe.
E) inferior left frontal lobe. 일플
Answer: E
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
23) Which of the following is a central feature of aphasia?

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A) averbia
B) speech comprehension difficulties
C) difficulty in using action words
D) anomia 실어증
E) spelling disorder
Answer: D
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
24) A person who has difficulties in the use of word order, use of function words, and selection of
appropriate word endings would be said to have
A) averbia.
B) anosmia.
C) agrammatism. 실문법증
D) articulation disorder.
E) anomia.
Answer: C
Rationale: A person who has difficulties in the use of word order, use of function words, and selection of
appropriate word endings would be said to have agrammatism.
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
25) Which of the following speech deficits is a common feature of all forms of aphasia?
A) agrammatism
B) articulation difficulties
C) dysgraphia
D) anomia (명칭)실어증은 모든 실어증의 특징
E) Averbia
Answer: D
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
26) People who have Broca's aphasia

A) have difficulty comprehending speech meaning using word order.
B) seem unaware of their difficulties.
C) have sustained damage to their right frontal lobe.
D) can pronounce words correctly, but slowly.
E) produce fluent, but meaningless speech.
Answer: A
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
27) Anomia refers to

A) a difficulty in choosing the right word in a sentence. 명칭 실어증
B) the primary symptom of Broca's, but not Wernicke's, aphasia.
C) a difficulty in pronunciation of words in a sentence.
D) poor word comprehension.
E) an impairment in the spelling of words.
Answer: A

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LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
28) A primary characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia is

A) effortless production of meaningless speech. / Wernicke = Wabajack!
B) fumbling for the right word.
C) labored and nonfluent speech.
D) unemotional speech.
E) mutism.
Answer: A
LO: 13.2 APA: 1.1
29) An individual with Wernicke's aphasia

A) is aware of her or his deficits in speech.
B) has major difficulty in understanding speech. 이해할 수 없는 와바잭
C) cannot use function words.
D) cannot use prepositions.
E) cannot convey emotion via prosody.
Answer: B
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
30) Wernicke's aphasia is caused by damage to

A) the frontal association cortex of the right hemisphere.
B) Broca's area and the caudate nucleus.
C) the superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere. 쉐오고라스의 수피리어함
D) the inferior occipital gyrus of the right hemisphere.
E) the left parietal lobe.
Answer: C
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
31) Damage to portions of the left temporal lobe produces a problem in

A) hearing.
B) recognizing non-speech sounds.
C) reading lips.
D) speaking.
E) understanding speech.
Answer: E
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
32) An example of a receptive aphasia is 와바잭이라는 셉터를 받음

A) Broca's aphasia.
B) apraxia.
C) alexia.
D) Wernicke's aphasia.
E) orthographic dysgraphia.
Answer: D
Rationale: An example of a receptive aphasia is Wernicke's aphasia.

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LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
33) A person with pure word deafness can do all of the following except
A) read lips.
B) understand the emotion expressed in speech.
C) read and write.
D) recognize nonspeech sounds such as a dog barking.
E) comprehend speech. 청각은 정상인데 이해만 안되는 것. 순수하게 Word만 deaf한.
Answer: E
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
34) The formal name for the disorder suffered by Mr. S. in the chapter prologue was
A) Broca's aphasia.
B) pure word deafness.
C) alexia.
D) Wernicke's aphasia.
E) orthographic dysgraphia.
Answer: B
Rationale: The formal name for the disorder suffered by Mr. S. in the chapter prologue was pure word
deafness.
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
35) A person with pure word deafness is unable to

A) comprehend speech.
B) read lips.
C) speak.
D) understand non-speech sounds.
E) hear.
Answer: A
LO: 13.3 APA: 1.1
36) Damage to the ________ causes transcortical sensory aphasia.

A) posterior language area 포스트 시대로 트랜스가 일어난다고 외우자
B) prefrontal cortex
C) primary auditory cortex
D) Broca's area
E) Wernicke's area
Answer: A
LO: 13.4 APA: 1.1
37) Someone who has transcortical sensory aphasia would be

A) unable to understand speech.
B) able to repeat what someone else said. 과거를 답습하는 포스트
C) able to produce his or her own spontaneous speech.
D) unable to answer questions.

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E) able to follow verbal commands.
Answer: B
LO: 13.4 APA: 1.1
38) One way to think about Wernicke's aphasia is that this syndrome is
A) a mixture of transcortical sensory aphasia less pure word deafness.
B) a mixture of Broca's disorder and alexia.
C) a mixture of pure word deafness and transcortical sensory aphasia. 와바잭을 합성함
D) a mixture of pure word deafness and alexia.
E) produced by damage to the connections of the posterior language area.
Answer: C
Rationale: One way to think about Wernicke's aphasia is that this syndrome is a mixture of pure word
deafness and transcortical sensory aphasia.
LO: 13.4 APA: 1.1
39) Which of the following is an important implication of transcortical sensory aphasia?

A) Speech recognition comes after speech comprehension.
B) The lateral temporal lobe is key for speech repetition.
C) The periaqueductal gray matter is not important for speech repetition.
D) Speech recognition and comprehension are different processes. 다른 과정이죠
E) Speech articulation and spelling words share a similar set of circuits in brain.
Answer: D
Rationale: An important implication of transcortical sensory aphasia is that speech recognition and
comprehension are different processes.
LO: 13.4 APA: 1.1
40) Which of the following can be used to test speech comprehension in Wernicke’s aphasia?
A) Ask the person to use content words.
B) Ask the person to use function words.
C) Ask the person about his or her childhood memories.
D) Ask the person to read a book.
E) Ask the person to point to an object on a table. 와바잭을 오브젝트에 사용
Answer: E
LO: 13.4 APA: 2.1
41) The meanings of words are most likely stored in
A) the association cortex.
B) Wernicke's area.
C) the primary auditory cortex.
D) Broca's area.
E) the lateral temporal cortex.
Answer: A
LO: 13.4 APA: 1.1
42) A direct neural connection between Broca's area and Wernicke's area is provided by the
A) stria teminalis.

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B) anterior commissure.
C) corpus callosum.
D) fornix.
E) arcuate fasciculus. 연결을 arcuate 시켜주는.
Answer: E
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1
43) A person who sustains damage to the ________ will be unable to ________.
A) arcuate fasciculus; repeat nonwords
B) posterior commissure; name objects
C) arcuate fasciculus; comprehend speech
D) right temporal pole; produce fluent spontaneous speech
E) right temporal pole; name objects
Answer: A
Rationale: A person who sustains damage to the arcuate fasciculus will be unable to repeat nonwords.
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1

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44) Someone with conduction aphasia is unable to
A) name proper nouns.
B) repeat nonwords.
C) repeat words that have familiar meanings.
D) name objects.
E) produce fluent spontaneous speech.
Answer: B
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1
45) Studies of patients with conduction aphasia have led to which of the following conclusions about the
neural control of language?
A) The parietal lobe analyzes the sounds of words.
B) Wernicke's aphasia is not a form of receptive aphasia.
C) There are different neural paths for sounds and for meanings of words. Path를 따라 컨덕션 되니까
D) The meanings of words are stored in the right parietal cortex.
E) The arcuate fasciculus sends information about the meaning of words to the frontal lobes.
Answer: C
Rationale: Studies of patients with conduction aphasia suggest there are different neural paths for sounds
and for meanings of words.
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1
46) Patients with pure anomia aphasia have difficulty in

A) repeating words.
B) producing fluent speech.
C) comprehension.
D) choosing the correct words to express an idea. 명칭실어증이니까 correct word를 못찾는거
E) repeating nonwords.
Answer: D
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1
47) The inability to remember the name for a particular action is

A) alexia.
B) dysgraphia.
C) aphasia.
D) dyslexia.
E) averbia.
Answer: E
LO: 13.5 APA: 1.1
48) A person who sustains damage to the ________ would be expected to show ________.
A) insular cortex; averbia
B) occipital cortex; hemiparesis
C) frontal cortex; anomia
D) frontal cortex near Broca's area; averbia
E) right posterior parietal cortex; anomia
Answer: D

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Rationale: Damage to the frontal cortex near Broca's area would be expected to induce averbia.
LO: 13.5 APA:

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49) A person who is viewing and imitating sign language would be expected to show activation of
A) Wernicke's area.
B) the arcuate fasciculus.
C) the hippocampus.
D) Broca's area.
E) the fornix.
Answer: D
Rationale: A person who is viewing and imitating sign language would be expected to show activation of
Broca's area.
LO: 13.6 APA: 2.1
50) The normal rhythm and stress found in speech is called

A) prosody.
B) aural intonation.
C) circumlocution.
D) syntax.
E) grammatical flow.
Answer: A
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
51) Which of the following is NOT an example of prosody?

A) changes in speech rhythm
B) variation in the loudness of speech
C) using a hand gesture to make a point while talking 제스쳐는 리듬이 아니죠
D) variation in the voice tone
E) variation of voice pitch
Answer: C
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
52) Damage to the right hemisphere impairs the production of prosody in that
A) prosody involves spatial perception.
B) the right hemisphere controls the vocal cords.
C) prosody uses spatial cues to communicate meaning.
D) prosody resembles singing and communicates emotion.
E) the right hemisphere is specialized for the analysis of word meaning.
Answer: D
Rationale: Damage to the right hemisphere impairs the production of prosody in that prosody resembles
singing and communicates emotion.
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
53) The inability to recognize the voice of another person is termed

A) categorical aphasia.
B) prosopagnosia.
C) phonagnosia. 보이스는 phon에서 들리니까
D) somatopagnosia.

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E) autotopagnosia.
Answer: C
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1

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54) The inability to recognize the face of another person is termed
A) categorical aphasia.
B) prosopagnosia. (얼굴의 리듬을 알수없는 prosopagnosia)
C) anomia.
D) somatopagnosia.
E) autotopagnosia.
Answer: B
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
55) Damage to which of the following brain regions produces an inability to recognize the voice of
another person??
A) left frontal lobe
B) left parietal lobe
C) primary visual cortex
D) posterior language area
E) right anterior superior temporal cortex
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref:347 Objective: Factual
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
56) Which of the following is true of stuttering? (말더듬는)

A) Stuttering is more common in women.
B) Damage to speech motor programs produces stuttering.
C) Stuttering affects 1 in 1000 people.
D) Stuttering may involve faulty feedback of speech sounds on the auditory system. (faulty feedback탓에
더듬게되는)
E) Stuttering is influenced by environmental factors.
Answer: D
LO: 13.7 APA: 1.1
57) A person who has pure alexia (순수실독) 읽지만 못하는거.

A) cannot read, but can recognize words spelled aloud.
B) is unable to write.
C) would also have agraphia.
D) is usually unable to choose appropriate words.
E) suffers from a pure form of aphasia.
Answer: A
LO: 13.8 APA: 1.1
58) Pure alexia refers to

A) the inability to write.
B) the inability to perceive words.
C) word deafness.
D) difficulties in spelling.
E) pure word blindness.

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Answer: B
LO: 13.1 APA: 1.1
59) Pure alexia is most similar to

A) Wernicke's aphasia.
B) direct dyslexia.
C) pure word deafness.
D) Broca's aphasia.
E) surface dyslexia.
Answer: C
Rationale: Pure alexia is most similar to pure word deafness.
LO: 13.8 APA: 1.1
60) Impairment of reading in pure alexia results from damage to the ________ and the ________.
A) posterior corpus callosum; right frontal cortex
B) right visual cortex; anterior fornix
C) left visual cortex; posterior corpus callosum 실독이니까 비주얼.. 레프트라는게 함정이네
D) right visual cortex; anterior corpus callosum
E) amygdala; hippocampus
Answer: C
LO: 13.8 APA: 1.1

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61) Reading a word aloud requires
A) that auditory input project to the right frontal lobe.
B) that visual input project to the right frontal lobe.
C) that visual input project though the anterior corpus callosum to the posterior right hemisphere.
D) that visual input travel from the posterior corpus callosum to the posterior left hemisphere. 인풋이
travel해서 움직여야 인식이 되니까.
E) crossover of visual information at the corpus callosum.
Answer: D
Rationale: Reading a word aloud requires that visual input travel from the posterior corpus callosum to
the posterior left hemisphere.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 350-351 Objective: Conceptual
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
62) A key difference between visual agnosia and pure alexia(순수실독. 못읽음.) is that
A) a person with visual agnosia can still read.
B) alexia disrupts spelling but not reading.
C) pure alexia impairs the ability to recognize objects.
D) a person with visual agnosia is unable to read.
E) pure alexia impairs the ability to name objects.
Answer: A
Rationale: A key difference between visual agnosia and pure alexia is that a person with visual agnosia
can still read.
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
63) Pure alexia is produced by damage to pathways that carry ________ information to ________.
A) auditory; Broca's area
B) visual; the right extrastriate cortex
C) visual; the left extrastriate cortex
D) auditory; the right striate cortex
E) auditory; Wernicke's area
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 350-351 Objective: Factual
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
64) Dyslexia(난독증) refers to

A) faulty reading.
B) a speech impediment.
C) an inability to communicate via sign language.
D) word blindness.
E) poor penmanship.
Answer: A
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1

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65) Acquired dyslexia refers to a reading difficulty that (후천적 난독증)
A) develops in utero.
B) is caused by nutritional deficits.
C) results from brain damage after the person has learned to read.
D) involves genetic changes in brain circuitry.
E) is produced by unsupportive and abusive parents.
Answer: C
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
66) Individuals with surface dyslexia

A) cannot read.
B) have a deficit in whole-word reading.
C) cannot understand the meaning of words.
D) cannot recognize individual letters.
E) cannot sound out words.
Answer: B
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
67) Individuals with phonological dyslexia have difficulty

A) reading for comprehension.
B) in silent reading.
C) reading unfamiliar words.
D) reading aloud.
E) in whole word reading, but can sound out familiar words.
Answer: C
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
68) Which of the following is true of the Japanese language?

A) Kanji symbols follow precise pronunciation rules.
B) Kana symbols are a visual representation of a concept.
C) Kanji symbols are a visual representation of a vowel or syllable.
D) Kanji symbols are a visual representation of a concept.
E) Difficulty in reading kana symbols is analogous to surface dyslexia.
Answer: D
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
69) Whole-word reading involves activation of the ________ leading to the ________.
A) dorsal stream; region of Broca's area
B) ventral stream; fusiform gyrus / whole-하게 읽는거니까 fusiform이라고 생각하자. 퍼지한 덩어리
C) ventral stream; region of Broca's area
D) dorsal stream; fusiform gyrus
E) right frontal lobe; corpus callosum
Answer: B
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1

19
70) A Japanese person who suffers from surface dyslexia would be expected to
A) have difficulty in reading kanji symbols.
B) be unable to name familiar objects.
C) be unable to read at all.
D) have difficulty in reading kana symbols.
E) be unable to use prosody in their speech.
Answer: A
Rationale: A Japanese person who suffers from surface dyslexia would be expected to have difficulty in
reading kanji symbols.
LO: 13.9 APA: 2.1
71) Patients with ________ dyslexia are able to read aloud, but do not understand what they are reading.
A) spelling
B) direct
C) surface
D) genetic
E) whole-sentence
Answer: B
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
72) Direct dyslexia is similar to ________, but involving ________.

A) transcortical sensory aphasia; spoken words
B) Broca's aphasia; spoken words
C) transcortical sensory aphasia; written words
D) Broca's aphasia; sounds
E) Wernicke's aphasia; written words
Answer: C
Rationale: Direct dyslexia is similar to transcortical sensory aphasia, but involving written words.
LO: 13.9 APA: 3.1
73) The motor aspects of writing are controlled by the

A) ventral parietal lobe.
B) dorsal parietal lobe. 모터 dor아간다.
C) orbiofrontal cortex.
D) insular cortex.
E) inferior temporal cortex.
Answer: B
LO: 13.9 APA: 1.1
74) The general term used to refer to an impairment of writing is

A) dysgraphia. (서자 착오)
B) dystypia.
C) orthographia.
D) dyslexia.
E) alexia.

20
Answer: A
LO: 13.10 APA: 1.1

21
75) ________ refers to a deficit in ________.
A) Direct dysgraphia; phonetically based reading
B) Direct dyslexia; phonetically based reading
C) Phonological dysgraphia; visually based writing
D) Semantic dysgraphia; symbol recognition
E) Orthographic dysgraphia; visually based writing
Answer: E
LO: 13.10 APA: 1.1
76) Developmental dyslexia involves

A) a genetic disorder.
B) a difficulty in acquiring language skills.
C) decreases in gray matter in many brain areas.
D) a loss of cells in the magnocellular visual system.
E) All of the above are correct.
Answer: E
LO: 13.10 APA: 1.1
77) The information conveyed in a spoken word resides in its 프로소디가 아니라 타이밍이야.
뭐지이거
A) timing.
B) pitch.
C) emphasis.
D) tempo.
E) prosody.
Answer: A
Rationale: The information conveyed in a spoken word resides in its timing.
LO: 13.10 APA: 1.1
78) The key aspect of sound that allows a person to recognize a word resides in
A) the pitch of the voice.
B) the short-duration starts and stops of speech sounds.
C) slow changes in speech rhythm.
D) tone of the speech.
E) prosody cues.
Answer: B
LO: 13.10 APA: 1.1
13.2 True-False
1) A key function of language is the communication of knowledge from one generation to another.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 335
2) Speech is lateralized in the right hemisphere in the majority of left-handed people.

22
Answer: FALSE 스피치는 left hemisphere이다.
3) Over 90 percent of the population shows left-hemisphere dominance for speech.

Answer: True
4) Damage to the left hemisphere can impair the ability to use a map.
Answer: FALSE 맵 읽는건 right hemisphere다.
5) The right hemisphere is specialized for the recognition of emotion in the tone of voice.
Answer: TRUE
6) A person with Broca's aphasia is more likely to use content words than function words.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 336-337
7) Wernicke's aphasia is characterized by fluent, meaningless speech.

Answer: TRUE
8) Anomia is a primary symptom of all forms of aphasia.

Answer: TRUE
9) People with pure word deafness are deaf and therefore cannot understand language.
Answer: FALSE : pure word deafness는 comprehend speech만 못함.
10) Conduction aphasia is characterized by fluent, meaningful speech.

Answer: TRUE
11) Prosody in speech appears to be primarily a left hemisphere function.

Answer: FALSE : 언어는 좌뇌지만, prosody는 우뇌임.
12) The ability to use prosody in perceiving the emotional state of another speaker is a talent of the right
hemisphere.
Answer: TRUE
13). Stuttering is characterized by frequent pauses in speech.

Answer: TRUE
14). Stuttering is characterized by frequent pauses in speech.

23
Answer: TRUE
15) A person with pure alexia can write but not read.
Answer: TRUE
16 ) Pure alexia involves the loss of the ability to read.

Answer: TRUE
17) A person who suffers from pure alexia also suffers from visual agnosia.
Answer: FALSE : 두 가지는 서로 다름.
18) Japanese kanji are a visual representation of a concept.

Answer: TRUE
13.3 Short-Answer Essay
1) Explain why verbal behavior is considered to be lateralized( 편재) within the brain.
Answer: Impairment of language abilitity result from damage to the left hemisphere rather than the right
hemisphere. 좌뇌 다치면 언어 장애. 우뇌는 별 영향없어.
2) Describe the changes in speech production that accompany Broca's aphasia.

Answer: Broca's aphasia causes agrammatism, anomia, and difficulty in articulating words.
브로카는 3A를 촉발시킴 anomia(기본), articulating words, and agrammatism.
3) Define aphasia and explain why anomia(명칭실어증) is a key symptom of all forms of aphasia.
Answer: Aphasia is a general hindrance of production and comprehension of speech. Anomia refers to a
difficulty in choosing words or using the wrong words. All forms of aphasia include varying degrees of
anomia.
4) Define transcortical sensory aphasia and explain how this syndrome differs from that of Wernicke's
aphasia.
Answer: Damage to posterior language area leads to transcortical sensory aphasia. Wernicke’s aphasia
causes meaningless speech, repetition of words, and inability to comprehend speech. Transcortical
sensory aphasia causes inability to comprehend and produce speech.
5) Explain how the emotional content of a verbal message is conveyed to a listener.

Answer: Longer duration of sound, melody, and pitch conveys emotional content.

24
6) Define what is meant by pure alexia(실독) and explain how this syndrome relates to pure word
deafness.
Answer: Pure alexia involves inability to read, but the patient can still understand words pronounced.
Pure alexia is similar to pure word deafness that both cause inability to recognize words conveyed
auditorily.
7) Differentiate between whole-word and phonetic reading.

Answer: In whole-word reading, the brain perceives the word as a unit. In phonetic reading, a person uses
knowledge of the individual letters to sound out a new word.
8) Compare the difficulties in writing that appear in persons with phonological dysgraphia versus
orthographic dysgraphia.
Answer: Dysgraphia refers to a difficulty in writing. Phonological dysgraphia refers to a difficulty in
sounding out and writing new words. Such a person, however, can imagine and write familiar words. In
contrast, in orthographic dysgraphia, the person can sound out a word but has difficulty with visually
based writing.
13.4 Essay
1) What sources of information have formed the basis for our understanding of the physiology of
language?
Answer: Giving electrical stimulus and imaging people’s brains who have suffered brain damage.
2) Compare and contrast the symptoms noted in Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia.
Answer: Broca's aphasia causes agrammatism, anomia, and difficulty in articulating words.
A person suffering from Broca’s aphasia is able to comprehend speech than to produce speech. In
contrast, Wernicke's aphasia causes meaningless speech, and inability to comprehend speech.
브로카는 말 못한다. 베르니케는 잘 하긴 하는데 의미없고 반복하고 이해못함
3) Describe pure word deafness and transcortical sensory aphasia. How are they related to Wernicke's
aphasia?
Answer: Pure word deafness (PWD) is a syndrome produced by damage to the left temporal lobe in
which a person can hear but is unable to recognize/understand the words that are heard. A PWD patient
can read and write and is able to recognize the emotional content of speech even if he or she cannot
understand the meaning of the words. Damage to the posterior language area only produces poor speech
comprehension and poor speech production. Damage to Wernicke's area and to the posterior language
area produces an aphasia syndrome that includes poor speech comprehension, poor repetition, and the
production of fluent but meaningless speech. In short, Wernicke's syndrome is a combination of the two
syndromes.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 339-341
4) Define the elements of prosody and cite evidence which suggests that prosody is a function of the right
hemisphere.

25
Answer: Prosody refers to the rhythm and melody of speech conveys emotional information. Damage to
the right hemisphere impairs recognition and production of prosody.
5) Describe three types of acquired dyslexias.

Answer:
Surface dyslexia refers to the inability in whole-word reading, 서피스는 whole word 못함.
Phonological dyslexia involves the inability to sound out words while retaining the ability to read whole
words. 포놀로지컬은 홀 월드는 가능하지만 sound out을 못함.
Direct dyslexia involves the ability to read aloud, not understanding its meaning. 다이렉트는 읽을순
있는데 뜻을 모름.

26

Test Bank For Foundations of Behavioral Neuroscience, 9th Edition, CH13

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CHAPTER 13: HUMAN COMMUNICATION

Topic Question Factual Con

Speech Multiple 3-5,7-9,11,17,19,21-23,25-31,33,35,35,37,40,-42,44,46.4750,51,53-56 2,6,10,12-16

Disorders of Multiple 57,58,63-67,68,69,71,73-76,78 59,60-6

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13.1 Multiple Choice

2) The key function of human verbal behavior is to

3) A key source of our knowledge about the physiology of language is studies of

4) ______ reflects a(n) ______ in the production or comprehension of speech.

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6) Which of the following would not be considered to be an example of aphasia?

9) Which of the following is true of handedness and hemispheric speech dominance?

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12) The left hemisphere is better than the right hemisphere at

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17) People with Broca's aphasia have difficulty

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19) A person suffering from Broca's aphasia would be expected to

22) The key brain regions involved in Broca's aphasia is/are

23) Which of the following is a central feature of aphasia?

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26) People who have Broca's aphasia

27) Anomia refers to

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28) A primary characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia is

29) An individual with Wernicke's aphasia

30) Wernicke's aphasia is caused by damage to

31) Damage to portions of the left temporal lobe produces a problem in

32) An example of a receptive aphasia is 와바잭이라는 셉터를 받음

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35) A person with pure word deafness is unable to

36) Damage to the ________ causes transcortical sensory aphasia.

37) Someone who has transcortical sensory aphasia would be

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39) Which of the following is an important implication of transcortical sensory aphasia?

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46) Patients with pure anomia aphasia have difficulty in

47) The inability to remember the name for a particular action is

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50) The normal rhythm and stress found in speech is called

51) Which of the following is NOT an example of prosody?

53) The inability to recognize the voice of another person is termed

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56) Which of the following is true of stuttering? (말더듬는)

57) A person who has pure alexia (순수실독) 읽지만 못하는거.

58) Pure alexia refers to

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59) Pure alexia is most similar to

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64) Dyslexia(난독증) refers to

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66) Individuals with surface dyslexia

67) Individuals with phonological dyslexia have difficulty

68) Which of the following is true of the Japanese language?

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72) Direct dyslexia is similar to ________, but involving ________.

73) The motor aspects of writing are controlled by the

74) The general term used to refer to an impairment of writing is

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Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

4) reflects a(n) in the production or comprehension of speech.

72) Direct dyslexia is similar to , but involving .