The Clap Switch

A mini project
By

 Tanmay Bhave -7106

 Yash Bhavsar – 7107
 Atharva Bhopalbade – 7108
 Sanskruti Bhor – 7109
 Udit Chapaneria – 7110

 Introduction
This is a project on Clap Switch which can switch on/off any electrical circuit by the sound
of a clap. The operation of the circuit is simple. If we clap the lamp turns on and to switch it
off clap again. The condenser microphone picks up the sound of your claps, coughs, and the
sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is
amplified by the succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bi-stable
multi vibrator change state at each signal. One of these transistors drives a heavier transistor
which controls a lamp. This circuit can switch on and off a light, a fan or a radio etc by the
sound of a clap.
This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay,
transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns „ON‟ light for the first clap. The light turns ON till
the next clap. For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage.
Therefore a step-down transformer 12V/300mA is employed. This working of this circuit is
based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, relay as an
electronic switch. Basically, this is a Sound operated switch

Objectives / Need of the project

In the current revolution of digital world, people like convenience in using technology to
make their life more easy and comfortable. People feels to control their home appliances like
light, fan etc in more convenient way rather than by switch board as they must walk across
the room to either on or off such appliances. This motivated the researcher to develop such
devices which allows the user to control the electrical appliances wirelessly without using
conventional switch board. One of the way to control electrical appliances by using IR or RF
remote control unit. But, it is not convenient in the sense as user requires a little walk across
the room in order to retrieve the remote control unit and sometimes when remote control unit
is misplaced, it usually requires extra time and effort to find it. Therefore, it will be more
convenient if we use hand clap to control electrical appliance rather than using an extra
device like remote controller. Several such works has already been done by researcher This
objective of the project is to design a clap activated switch device that will serve well in
different phono-controlled applications, providing inexpensive key and at the same time free
from false triggering
A Clap Switch circuit uses a microphone within the circuit to detect noises to turn the LED
on. A clap switch circuit can be used in homes and businesses to turn on things such as:
lights, TVs, or whatever it is set up to the clap switch. In many cases you can snap your
fingers, clap your hands, or even speak to it. In fact, with modern technology, you can use
commands to activate a piece/pieces of technology to allow it to turn on/off from anywhere
within the room of the Clap Switch
Clap Switches can be installed into businesses and homes to allow individuals to turn lights and a
number of technology on or off by using claps, snaps, or his/her voice. Clap Switches gives
individuals the ability to remain seated or lying down to turn devices on or off. Also, this device is
important to industries because technology is growing at an extreme rate and with the component
within the Clap Switch it can help advance technology even more. In today’s world, we use voice
control within our mobile devices, as well as, devices like the Echo, Google Home, etc. Within these
devices that I previously listed, you can turn on a number of technologies by giving it simple voice
commands, which is something that a great number of companies are working on – on a daily basis.
The Clapper was released in the 1980s, allowing individuals to active appliances by using
claps all without having to get up to turn on an appliance manually. (i) The Clapper was only the
beginning of audio activation technology. Now, there are devices like the Google Home smart speaker
– which has similar functionalities like “The Clapper”, yet it is more advanced. For instance, you can
speak to the speaker and ask it to turn on any smart appliances, play music, and ask it to do whatever
you need it to do an electronic device that can control light appliances by users clap action is a clap
switch.it was invented by R Carlile ,Stevens, and E Dale Reamer on 20 th February 1996

Basic Principle :
The basic principle of this clap switch circuit is that it converts sound signal into electrical energy.
The input component is a transducer that receives clap sound as input and converts it to electrical
pulse. The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric microphone picks up the sound of your claps,
coughs, and the sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is
amplified by the succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bi-stable multi
vibrator change state at each signal. One of these transistors drives a heavier transistor which controls
a lamp.
This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay,
transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns „ON‟ light for the first clap. The light turns ON till the next
clap. For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage. Therefore a step-
down transformer 12V/300mA is employed.
This working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of
transistor, relay as an electronic switch .Basically, this is a Sound operated switch
Block diagram:

Description of Block Diagram

1.AUDIO AMPLIFIER: when we clap our hands , the sound is received by by AUDIO
AMPLIFIER.
Here the given sound signal is converted into electrical signal and then amplified by using
transistors.

2.FLIP FLOP CIRCUIT:

After amplifying the given input signal (sound of a clap) ,it is fed to flip flop
circuit. It consists of two transistors, one for the on position and the other for the off position.
For this reason it is also known as bi-stable multi vibrator.

3.CIRCUIT AMPLIFIER:
The signal after this process the outcome electric signal becomes very weak. So,
it is amplified using another transistor and given to relay, it acts as a mechanical switch
Circuit Diagram
PCB Layout
 List of Components

components diagram Specifications

IC CD4017 16 pin IC
3V to 15V supply voltage

BC547 NPN Transistor BC547,NPN transistor

Ic(max)=100mA

DC Condensor Mic Capsule Type Electric

Condensor
20Hz to 20KHz
2.5KOhm Impedence
100nf Capacitor 100nf Ceramic Capacitor

Resistor 220 Ohm

10k
270k
1M Carbon Film Resistor
1N4007 Diode Si Rectifier Diode for general
purpose
Imax= 1A
PIV=600V, Max power
rating=1W
 LED Red Colour led diameter=5mm
FBV=1.8V
Imax = 35mA
Pmax=100mW
SPDT Relay Trigger Voltage 12V Dc
Trigger Current 100mA

Working of Clap Switch

 At first, the clap sound sensed by the condenser mic.
 The condenser mic converts the sound into an electric pulse.
 Then the electric pulse amplified by the BC547 transistor.
 After that, the electrical pulse fed to the CLK pin of CD4017 IC.
 For each high pulse at CLK pin the state of the PIN 2 changes.
 When the PIN 2 becomes HIGH, the second transistor turns ON.
 If the second transistor turns ON the Relay also turns ON.
 Now when the condenser sense the second clap sound, the next high
pulse received at CLK PIN.
 The PIN 2 changed the state (becomes LOW), so the second transistor
turns OFF.
 So the Relay turns OFF and the load connected with the relay also turns
OFF
 CONCLUSION
The clap activated switching device function properly by responding to both hand claps at
about three to four meter away and finger tap sound at very close range, since both are low
frequency sounds and produce the same pulse wave features. The resulting device is
realizable, has good reliability and it’s relatively inexpensive. Assemble the circuit on a
general-purpose PCB and enclose it in a suitable box. This circuit is very useful in field of
electronic circuits. By using some modification it area of application can be extended in
various fields. It can be used to raised alarm in security system with a noise ,and also used at
the place where silence needed. The system has a unique advantage over other remote
controlled switch board application. Controlling home appliances by RF or IR remote is not
applicable for blind people. But, this hand clap based switch board can be useful for blind
people as they can control any load not seeing switchboard or remote control device. Another
advantage of this system is that user has no chance to get an electric shock as user is
completely isolated from switch board to control a load.

Costing
This experiment is quite low budget and cost upto 500 Rupees
Resulting 100 Rupees per person
COMPONENTS COSTING
Breadboard 100
Circuit components 100
IC 4017 20
Relay 20
Bulb 20
Battery 20
Ac Bulb 100
 References
1. www.scribd.com
2. www.electronicschematics.in
3. www.circuiteasy.com
4. www.kpsec.com