PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

11
QUARTER 2
WEEK 4 Quarter 2- Module 4
Competencies covered:
Discuss the
1.
concepts of civil
CIVIL SOCIETY AND
society and social SOCIAL
movements
(HUMSS_PG12-IIe- MOVEMENTS
-10)
2. Explain the
contributions of
civil society
organizations and
social movements
to Philippine
democracy
(HUMSS_PG12- IIe-
11)
3. Evaluate the
role of civil society
organizations and
social movements
(HUMSS
_PG12- IIe-12)
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
What I Need To Know

For the Learners

In the previous module you have learned that political parties serve as links between
the government and the people.
In this module you will be learning another concept of State-Society Interaction, that
is, the relationship between civil society, social movements and the Philippine
government.
Module Content
These are the competencies included in this module:
 Discuss the concepts of civil society and social movements (HUMSS_PG12-IIe-
-10)
 Explain the contributions of civil society organizations and social movements to
Philippine democracy (HUMSS_PG12- IIe-11)
 Evaluate the role of civil society organizations and social movements (HUMSS
_PG12- IIe-12)

What I Know (Pretest)

This activity will enable you to assess your prior knowledge from the topic that will
be discussed in this lesson. Select and write the correct answers from the given
choices below on a separate sheet of paper.
1. In 1942, HUKBALAHAP was established to address social issues in the
Philippine society during the American occupation.

2. Social accountability prizes transparency and honesty that makes sure

everyone--from the government officials to the local school children follows
the same rule.

3. The Katipunan was a revolutionary movement that marks the end of Spanish
colonization in the Philippines.

4. Civil society give voice to the disorganized, voiceless segments of the society.

5. Philippine Red Cross is a CSO committed to deliver services such as,

national blood services, disaster management, safety, health, welfare services,
and Red cross youth.

6.Social movements are not necessary for the democratization of the Philippines.

7. Social movements are organized group of people who wants to achieve a

particular goal, whether social or political.

8. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation focuses its campaign on worldwide issues
such as climate change.

9. Civil society organizations are government-controlled, nonprofit, and voluntary

organizations.

10. Social movements main goal is to disturb the government through violent
upheavals.
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
LESSON 1. CIVIL SOCIETY

What’s New
Activity 1. K-W-L (Know, Want to Know, Learned)
Fill in the column I know that and I want to know about civil societies. Write your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

I know that: I want to know: I learned that:

What Is It

What is Civil Society?

Civil society is the “third sector” of society, along with government and Economy. It
comprises civil society organizations and non-governmental organizations.

STATE MARKET

CIVIL SOCIETIES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2016_Philippine_ https://www.amaialand.com/locations/mandalu
State_of_the_Nation_Address.jpg yong/guide/greenhills-2/

The illustration above shows that the civil society is the space between the state
and the market. It is considered as a social sphere independent both of the state
and the market (Economy).
Civil society organizations (CSOs) refers to those nonstate, nonprofit, voluntary
organizations. CSOs include a wide array of organizations, networks, associations,
groups and movements which people come up with, to pursue their common interest
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
by means of collective action.
CSOs covers a range of non-governmental and non-profit groups which interacts
with the government and the market (economy). These groups include; Socio-civic
organizations, professional organizations, academe, media, churches,
people’s organizations (POs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and
cooperatives.

The role of civil society

Societies are always changing. They're shaped by world events, struggles, and
creative, technological and economic advances. Civil society provides a way to
engage productively in this process — to keep tabs on new developments and
partner with other organizations working for the common good.

Some of the most critical jobs involve:

Social accountability. Hold corporations, faith-based and other organizations

accountable for their actions (or inactions). Social accountability prizes transparency
and honesty and makes sure everyone — from government officials to local school
children — follows the same rules.
Empowering communities. Civil society organizations give voice to the
disorganized, voiceless segments of society. They raise awareness of social issues
and advocate for change, empowering local communities to develop new programs
to meet their own needs.
Ensuring good governance. Civil society works hand-in-hand with the government,
striving to develop policy and implement new strategies. Beyond that, civil society
builds so-called social capital by providing a way for participants to build relationships
and make connections based on their values, behaviors and beliefs.

Name of
Logo Project/Services Purpose
CSO
Humanitarian aid is
material and logistic
assistance to people
who need help. It is
National Blood Services, usually short-term help
Disaster Management until the long-term help
Services,Safety by the government and
Philippine
Services, Health other institutions
Red Cross
Services, Welfare replaces it. Among the
https://en.wikipedia.org/ Services and Red Cross people in need are the
wiki/Philippine_Red_Cr Youth. homeless, refugees,
oss#/media/File:Philippi
ne_Red_Cross_Emble and victims of natural
m.svg disasters, wars, and
famines.
Grameen A microfinance organizat Grameen Foundation's
Bank ion and community mission is, "To enable
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
development the poor, especially the
bank founded poorest, to create a
https://en.wikipedia.org/
in Bangladesh. It makes world without poverty."
wiki/Grameen_Bank#/m small loans (known
edia/File:Grameen_ban as microcredit) to the
k_logo.png
impoverished without
requiring collateral.
The primary goals of the Healthcare, Education,
foundation are, globally, Ending poverty
to enhance healthcare
Bill &
and reduce extreme
Melinda
https://en.wikipedia.org/ poverty, and, in the U.S.,
Gates wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_ to expand educational
Foundation Gates_Foundation#/me
dia/File:Bill_&_Melinda_ opportunities and access
Gates_Foundation_logo to information
.svg
technology.
Greenpeace states its  Stop the planet
goal is to "ensure the from warming
ability of the Earth to beyond 1.5º to
nurture life in all prevent the most
its diversity and focuses catastrophic
its campaigning on impacts of the
worldwide issues such climate breakdown.
as climate  Protect biodiversity
change, deforestation, o in all its forms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/ verfishing, commercial  Slow the volume of
Greenpeace wiki/Greenpeace#/medi
whaling, genetic hyper-consumption
International a/File:Greenpeace_logo
.svg engineering, and learn to live
and anti-nuclear issues. within our means.
It uses direct  Promote renewable
action, lobbying, researc energy as a
h, and ecotage to solution that can
achieve its goals. power the world.
 Nurture peace,
global
disarmament and
non-violence.
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
What I Have Learned
Activity 3.K-W-L (Know, Want to Know, Learned)
Fill in the column I learned that about civil societies. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

I know that: I want to know: I learned that:

What I Can Do
Activity 4.
Direction: Create your own civil society organization (CSO) addressing an important
issue in the society by completing the table below. Do this on a long bond paper. (This
will serve as your performance)

Name of your
Project/Program/Services Purpose
CSO
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
LESSON 2. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
What’s in
Activity 1. Let’s Review!
Complete the statement.

In the previous lesson I learned that

What’s New
Activity 2. Guess What?
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
What is it
What is social movement?
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to
achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. This may be to carry out,
resist or undo a social change. It is a type of group action and may involve
individuals, organizations or both. Social movements have been described as
"organizational structures and strategies that may empower oppressed populations
to mount effective challenges and resist the more powerful and advantaged
elites".They represent a method of social change from the bottom within nations.

Social Movements in the Philippines

Spanish Period to 1896 Philippine Revolution
The Spanish colonization of the Philippines
resulted to socioeconomic inequalities that
existed between the landed and the landless.
Spain’s biased arrangements and policies
resulted to peasants agitation.
A new type of resistance had emerged
during the 18th century in the form of priest-
led revolts and millenarian movements to
address people’s problems.
Another movement emerged through the
https://muntingnayon.com/104/104267/ principalia class who demanded for greater
social recognition which also meant political power. Aside from this movements, the
ilustrados- which includes the entrepreneurial class and the landed elites wanted to
create a Filipino identity. Another group is the Katipunan, an underground movement
that was revolutionary , mass-based and armed. This movement was known as the
1896 Philippine Revolution which marks the end of Spanish colonization in the
Philippines.

The American Occupation

American rule worsened the socioeconomic inequalities in the Philippines.
Because of the wide disparity between the rich and the poor, there transpired
resistances to the American rule similar to those during the Spanish period.
Socialism was one of the most popular context of movements during this time. Pedro
Abad Santos’s Socialist Party in 1929 attracted tenant farmers, farmer laborers, and
urban workers that led to the emergence of several organizations.

The Japanese Occupation and Post-independence Period

The strong influence of the socialist/communist movements led to the
establishment of the Hukbalahap (Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon) in March 1942.
This group had been attempting to address social issues in the Philippine society.

The Martial Law Period

The continuing upheavals and resistance led President
Ferdinand Marcos to declare Martial Law to put a
temporary halt to any forms of activism.
The Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) has strong
resistance on the Marcos administration. The issues on
ethnicity and religion served as the bases of the group’s
https://patentero.files.wordpress.
com/2014/09/km.jpg
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
mobilization.
During the Martial Law, military repression and restriction of political and civil
rights furthered the democratic struggle of the Filipinos. This led to the growth of
social movements and of their mass base.

Post-1986 Period
Poverty, underdevelopment, social injustice, and socioeconomic inequalities led
to the persistence of social movements in the Philippines after Marcos regime. This
time, these issues were put into the context of democratization and return to
constitutionalism.
For the first time since 1946, the independent left (leftist forces) which includes
social democrats, democratic socialist, environmentalists, left-leaning nationalists,
and religious activist participated in the electoral politics. Thus, electoral politics was
seen as an avenue for the participation and intervention of social movements in
government’s policy making.
Social movements during this time targeted as beneficiaries the vulnerable and
marginalized groups in the society, which includes, women, peasants, and workers.

What’s More
Activity 3. Let’s Think!

Based from your understanding of the text you have read above, what are the
common/unifying grounds for these movements in the different periods of the
Philippines? Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

What I Have Learned

Activity 4. Let’s Reflect
Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Are social movements necessary for the democratization of the Philippines?

Why or why not.

2. What do you think propels an individual to join a social movement for certain
causes?
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
What I Can Do
Activity 5. Picture Analysis
Compare and Contrast the two pictures below.

Picture A Picture B

Guide Questions

1. What have you observe in the pictures above?

2. Which picture/scenario do you think is more effective in airing out their concerns
to the Philippine government? Explain.

3. What are the things that you have learned from the pictures and how will you
apply these learnings to you as a student?
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
Post Assessment

Direction:
Direction: Write T if the statement is TRUE and Write F if the statement is FALSE.
Please do write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Civil society organizations are government-controlled, nonprofit, and voluntary

organizations.

2. Social movements are organized group of people who wants to achieve a

particular goal, whether social or political.

3. The Katipunan was a revolutionary movement that marks the end of Spanish
colonization in the Philippines.

4. Social accountability prizes transparency and honesty that makes sure

everyone--from the government officials to the local school children follows
the same rule.

5. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation focuses its campaign on worldwide issues
such as climate change.

6.In 1942, HUKBALAHAP was established to address social issues in the

Philippine society during the American occupation.

7. Civil society give voice to the disorganized, voiceless segments of the society.

8. Social movements main goal is to disturb the government through violent

upheavals.

9.Social movements are not necessary for the democratization of the Philippines.

10. Philippine Red Cross is a CSO committed to deliver services such as,
national blood services, disaster management, safety, health, welfare services,
and Red cross youth.
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11

References

DepEd. Philippine Politics and Governance. July 9, 2020. https://www.deped.gov.ph

/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Philippine-Politics-and-Governance.pdf.

United Nations. Peace, Dignity and Equality on a Healthy Planet. July 13, 2020.https
://www.un.org/en/sections/resources-different-audiences/civil-society/index.html.

Kendra Shaw.Social Change: What's the Role of Civil Society?. July 13, 2020.https:
//www.missionbox.com/article/418/social-change-whats-the-role-of-civil-society.

Wikipedia. Philippine Red Cross. July 14, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip

pine_Red_Cross.

Wikipedia. Grameen Foundation. July 14, 2020.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram

een_Foundation.

Wikipedia. Grameen Bank. July 14, 2020.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grameen_

Bank.

Wikipedia. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. July 15, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation.

Wikipedia. Greenpeace. July 16, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenpeace.

Wikipedia. Social Movement. July 17, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_

movement.

Illustrations:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2016_Philippine_State_of_the_Nation_Address.jpg

https://www.amaialand.com/locations/mandalu yong/guide/greenhills-2/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Red_Cross#/media/File:Philippine_Red_Cro
ss_Emblem.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grameen_Bank#/media/File:Grameen_bank_logo.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation#/media/File:Bill_
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
11
&_Melinda_Gates_Foundation_logo.svg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenpeace#/media/File:Greenpeace_logo.svg

https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-image.php?image=7945&picture=taxi
-in-movement

https://www.flickr.com/photos/stockholm-environment-
institute/7341193382/https://www.needpix.com/photo/926586/movement-effect-scanning

https://ph.asiatatler.com/society/an-act-of-faith

https://muntingnayon.com/104/104267/

https://patentero.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/km.jpg

https://retroscope.ph/2017/06/02/the-philippines-during-the-martial-law-era/

https://hronlineph.com/2019/06/08/statement-groups-criticize-the-decision-of-the-phil
ippine-government-not-to-participate-in-international-climate-talks/#jp-carousel-23