LAB ACTIVITY 6

By the method of least squares, fit a line 𝑦 ̂=𝑎+𝑏𝑥 to the points

𝑥 -1 0 2 3 5
𝑦 -1 2 9 10 14

Given: n= 5

𝐿𝑒𝑡:𝑦=𝑎+𝑏𝑥
𝑛 = 5 Linear Equations

at (-1,-1)
−𝟏=𝒂−𝒃 𝑖 𝑎_𝑖 + 𝑏𝑥_𝑖 = 𝑦_𝑖
-1 = 1 + -1 b
+ =
1 1 -1 -1
at (0,2)
+ =
𝟐=𝒂 2 1 0 2
2 = 1 + 0 b
+ =
at(2,9) 3 1 2 9
𝟗=𝒂+𝟐𝒃
+ =
9 = 1 + 2 b 4 1 3 10
at (3,10)
+ =
𝟏𝟎=𝒂+𝟑𝒃 5 1 5 14
10 = 1 + 3 b
at (5,14)
𝟏𝟒=𝒂+𝟓𝒃
𝑚 = 2 Linear Equations
14 = 1 + 5 b 1^𝑠𝑡 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑛𝑎+𝑏∑24_(𝑖=1)^𝑛▒ 〖𝑥 _𝑖=∑24_(𝑖=1)^𝑛▒𝑦_𝑖 〗

𝑏∑24_(𝑖=1)^5▒𝑥_𝑖 ∑24_(𝑖=1)^5▒𝑦_𝑖
𝑛𝑎
+
5 𝑎 + 9 𝑏 = 34

2^𝑛𝑑 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:

𝑎∑24_(𝑖=1)^𝑛▒ 〖𝑥 _𝑖+𝑏∑24_(𝑖=1)^𝑛▒ 〖𝑥 _𝑖^2=∑24_(𝑖=1)^𝑛▒ 〖𝑥 _𝑖 𝑦_𝑖 〗〗〗

𝑎∑24_(𝑖 𝑏∑24_(𝑖=1)^5▒𝑥_𝑖^2 ∑24_(𝑖=1)^5▒ 〖𝑥 _𝑖 𝑦_𝑖 〗

=1)^5▒
𝑥_𝑖 =
9 𝑎 + 39 𝑏 = 119

by Gauss Seidel Iteration when:

𝑖 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎=0 𝑏=0
0 0 0
1 6.8 1.482051
2 4.132308 2.097673
3 3.024189 2.353392 Answer:
4 2.563894 2.459614
5 2.372694 2.503737 𝑦 ̂= 2.237 + 2.535 𝑥
6 2.293273 2.522065
7 2.260283 2.529678
8 2.246579 2.532841
9 2.240887 2.534154
10 2.238522 2.5347
11 2.23754 2.534927
12 2.237132 2.535021
13 2.236963 2.53506
14 2.236892 2.535076
15 2.236863 2.535083
16 2.236851 2.535086
17 2.236846 2.535087
18 2.236844 2.535087
19 2.236843 2.535088
20 2.236842 2.535088
21 2.236842 2.535088
22 2.236842 2.535088
23 2.236842 2.535088
24 2.236842 2.535088
25 2.236842 2.535088
26 2.236842 2.535088
27 2.236842 2.535088
28 2.236842 2.535088
29 2.236842 2.535088
30 2.236842 2.535088
31 2.236842 2.535088
32 2.236842 2.535088
33 2.236842 2.535088
34 2.236842 2.535088
35 2.236842 2.535088