TRIAC Docx-1

I.
OBJECTIVE :
After completing and performing the laboratory experiment, you will able to:
1. Define and discuss the important electrical parameters of triac.

2. Discuss the equivalent circuit and bias conditions.
3. Show how to test a TRIAC for conduction in both directions.
4. Demonstrate how the TRIAC conducts in both directions, and how it can be triggered with
positive and negative.
5. Explain the characteristic curve.
INTRODUCTION:
II. MATERIALS NEEDED
1 15-V dual power supply
1 Standard or digital voltmeter
1 2N5754 TRIAC or equivalent
1 100-Ω resistor at 0.5 W (RL)
1 1-k Ω resistors at 0.5 W (RA and RB)
1 10-k Ω resistor at 0.5 W (RG)
1 TPST switch (S1) (a single wire may be used)
1 DPST switch (S2)
1 Breadboard for constructing circuit
III. PROCEDURE:
PART I: TESTING A TRIAC WITH AN OHMETER

1. Set the ohmmeter to the low-range scale.
2. Connect the ohmmeter to the TRIAC as shown in figure 8.1a and record
the meter reading in table 8.1
3. Connect the clip lead as shown in figure 8.1b and record the reading.
4. Remove the clip lead as shown in figure 8.1c and record the reading.
5. Connect the ohmmeter to the TRAIC as shown in figure 8.1d and record
the meter reading.
6. Connect the clip lead as shown in figure 8.1e and record the reading.
7. Remover the clip lead as shown in figure 8.1f and record the reading.
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Figure 8.1 Testing a TRIAC with an ohmmeter: (a) Without clip lead; (b) with lead; (c)
again without clip lead; (d) without clip lead;
(e) with clip lead; (f) again without clip lead
PART II: TRIGGERING MODES OF A TRIAC

1. Construct the circuit shown in figure 8.2.
2. Open and close S2 to make sure that the TRIAC is off.
3. Measure and record VG and VT2 in the first line of the data table 8.2.
4. Indicate on the same line of the data table if the TRIAC is on or off.
5. Move S1 to position B. Measure and record the data on the second line as
done in steps 3 and 4.
6. Move S1 to position A and again measure and record the data on the third
line of the data table.
7. Move S2 to position B and then back to position A. Measure and record
on the fourth line of the data table.
8. Move S1 to position C. Measure and record data on the fifth line of the
data table.
9. Move S1 to position A. Measure and record the data on the sixth line of
the data table.
10.Move S2 to position B and then back to position A. Measure and record
the data on the seventh line of the data table.
11.Reverse the power supply voltages as shown in figure 8.3 to test the
TRIAC for conduction in other direction.
12.Repeat the steps 1 through 10, but record the data in table 8.3.
TRIAC
Experiment VIII
Group No._______ DOP:_______________
Section: ______________ Time: _____________ Day ________Room______
Name:_______________________________ Signature_______________
Instructor:___________________________
DATA SHEET:
PART I : TESTING A TRIAC WITH AN OHMMETER
Table 8.1: Ohmmeter Reading
Figure 8.1 Reading ( H or L)

Circuit (a)
HIGH
Circuit (b)
HIGH
Circuit (c)
HIGH
Circuit (d)
HIGH
Circuit (e)
HIGH
Circuit (f)
HIGH
FILL-IN QUESTIONS:
1. A TRIAC will have high resistance in either direction before being triggered.
2. A TRIAC will have low resistance in either direction after being triggered.
3. A TRIAC is being tested with an ohmmeter. When the clip lead is removed, the meter
indicates high resistance. This does not prove that the TRIAC is defective, but that the
power source of the meter is not sufficient to produce the necessary gate voltage and
current for triggering through the device.
4. If the ohmmeter shows low resistance before the TRIAC is triggered, this
indicates that the TRIAC is switch off.
5. If the ohmmeter shows infinite resistance after the TRIAC is triggered,
this indicates that TRIAC is switch on.
PART II: TRIGGERING MODES OF A TRIAC
Table 8.2
S1 S2 VG VT2 Condition of
condition condition TRIAC (on or
off)
A A OFF
VG= 0V VT2= 15V

B A ON
VG= 13.636 V VT2= 1.515mV

A A VG= 0V VT2= 15V OFF
A A-B-A VG= 0 V VT2= 15 V OFF
C A ON
VG= -13.636 V VT2= 1.515mV

A A VG= 0V VT2= 15V OFF
A A-B-A OFF
VG= 0 V VT2= 15 V
Table 8.3
S1 S2 VG VT2 Condition of
condition condition TRIAC (on or
off)
A A OFF
B A ON
A A OFF

C A VG= -13.636 V VT2= 1.515mV ON
A A OFF
FILL-IN QUESTIONS:
1. Before the TRIAC is triggered on, the voltage across its main terminals is
equal to the source voltage.
2. When the TRIAC is triggered on, the voltage across its main terminals is about 15V.
3. Once the TRIAC is conducting, the gate loses control and the
current starts to flow through the TRIAC.
4. The TRIAC can be turned off by reducing the current through it below its holding
current.
5. The TRIAC can have positive or negative terminal voltage and be triggered on by
positive or negative or voltage applied to the gate.
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS:
The triac can only be turned on when it is triggered by a certain voltage (VGT). It is
triggered when it is short circuited to the source given. The voltage varies with the
polarity of the voltage across its terminals, nonetheless, it still conducts. When the triac is
triggered, it introduces voltage drop at VT2. It does not conduct with an open circuit. The
triac is non-conducting when IA drops below IH. The only way to turn off the triac is to
reduce the current to a sufficiently low level.
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:
1. What is the difference between a triac and an SCR in terms of basic operation?
SCR is a modified diode that conducts electricity in one direction, blocking it from
going the other way. The SCR has a third lead called gate. Normally, the device does not
conduct until it receives a voltage at the gate; then it remains on until the voltage across
the cathode and anode drops past a critical point. It typically switches large current many
thousands of times per second while the triac has three leads and acts as a current switch
but it is more complex than SCR, because it conducts electricity in two directions. This
makes the TRIAC more useful in alternating current circuits than SCR, because the
current direction for AC changes 120 times per second.
2. How does a triac differ from diac?

A triac is somewhat like a diac with a gate terminal, not like the diac, triac can be
activated by a pulse of gate current. Unlike the diac, it does not require the breakover
voltage to initiate condition.
3. Define VGT. What range of values does it have for a medium-sized triacs?
VGT is the triggering voltage for the triac. It provides conduction mode to the triac
once it was sourced in any polarity of the voltage terminals. The range of values may not
exceed the value of the source.
4. Are triacs inherently temperature stable? Explain.
CONCLUSION
The triac was triggered depending on its source. The experiment proves that triac
conducts current in either direction when triggered, depending on the polarity of the
triggering voltage. The load of the voltage varies with the triggering of the triac.
Batangas State University
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
EE/CpE Department
Experiment No. 03
Triac
Date Submitted : October 26, 2018
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I.

1. Define and discuss the important electrical parameters of triac.

II. MATERIALS NEEDED

1 15-V dual power supply

1 Standard or digital voltmeter

1 2N5754 TRIAC or equivalent

1 100-Ω resistor at 0.5 W (RL)

1 1-k Ω resistors at 0.5 W (RA and RB)

1 10-k Ω resistor at 0.5 W (RG)

1 TPST switch (S1) (a single wire may be used)

1 DPST switch (S2)

1 Breadboard for constructing circuit

PART I: TESTING A TRIAC WITH AN OHMETER

PART II: TRIGGERING MODES OF A TRIAC

Figure 8.1 Reading ( H or L)

PART II: TRIGGERING MODES OF A TRIAC

VG= 0V VT2= 15V

VG= 13.636 V VT2= 1.515mV

VG= -13.636 V VT2= 1.515mV

A A-B-A VG= 0 V VT2= 15 V OFF

A A-B-A VG= 0 V VT2= 15 V OFF

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:

2. How does a triac differ from diac?

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts

Date Submitted : October 26, 2018

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