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08 GREEK ART TO ROMAN ART

Mr. Victor Felicia || October 2022 ARTA111
Reporters: Ruth Soliven, Rincy Dado, Stephanie Lopez, Rhenzo Marcial, Nichaella Abad
Transcribers: Kathleen Venus

OUTLINE • man was at the center of society and how they trained
I. GREEK CIVILIZATION AND ROMAN their minds could be the vary foundation of how they
CIVILIZATION lived their lives
II. ANCIENT GREECE • The humanities ideals of the Greeks were reflected in
their democratic form of government
III. GREEK DEVELOPMENT PERIODS
• This certain level of freedom was also reflected in their
IV. ANCIENT ROME artworks, architecture, literature, and philosophy
• The Greeks were notably passionate about natural
I. GREEK CIVILIZATION AND ROMAN CIVILIZATION phenomenon and believed that nature should be in
o Art has been an integral part in European history perfect order
o Ancient Civilizations:
Greek Civilization & Roman Civilization III. GREEK DEVELOPMENT PERIODS
o Art has been use to communicate ideologist and belief
A. GEOMETRIC PERIOD
systems prevalent within their context • 900-700 B.C
o Greek and Romans Civilizations where also known as • was a time when Greece was starting to get back from
classical World because both cultures aimed to the onslaught of what seemed to
embody the highest possible standard of quality in all be their Dark Ages
aspect of their societies. • It was a period when geometric
o When it comes to both art and architecture, both shapes and pattern have taken
civilizations intendent to promote the possibility of the spotlight in the most of the
artworks.
having objective and widely accepted standard for
• Ceramic Vessels and Pottery
beauty the influence and impact of both classical
worlds are far-reaching B. ARCHAIC PERIOD
o Most art movements have taken inspiration from the • 650-480 B.C
certain artistic elements from the two civilization • placed importance on human
o There are different art movements that emerge within figures
the different time periods in Europe • This was primarily a result of
o Each movement has distinctive characteristic to them Greece’s trading activities with
other civilizations
highlighting the different trends and changes as they
• They used a "Black Figure
transitions from one period to the next Technique"
• Was primarily a result of Greece's
II. ANCIENT GREECE trading activities with other
o Greeks or Hellenes civilizations
- The Greeks were known to • Inspired heavily by Egyptian Sculpture
excel in various field and Kouros
aspects and society - is a statue of a standing
nude youth that did not
- Greeks were known to place represent any one individual
prime importance in the use of youth but the idea of youth.
reason Used in Archaic Greece as
A. POLITICAL IDEALS both a dedication to the
o the framework for the gods in sanctuaries and as a
democratic form of grave monument, the
standard kouros stood with
government in modern
his left foot forward, arms at
things his sides, looking straight
o Democracy was created ahead.
in Athens Archaic Smile
- A representation of the human
mouth with slightly upturned corners,
o Demos means "People" and Kratos characteristic of early Greek sculpture
produced before the fifth century BC.
means "Rule"
(Can be seen on Kouros & Kore)
o Cleisthenes was referred as "the Kore
father of Athenian democracy." - is the modern term given
o They also valued poetry, drama, and to a type of free-standing
philosophy which remain interesting fields of ancient Greek sculpture
of the Archaic period
study for the contemporary times.
depicting female figures,
o For those who wants to be involved in the arts- always of a young age.
painting, sculpture, and architecture- one is required to Kouroi are the youthful
have a certain skill sets and body of knowledge. male equivalent of kore
statues. Korai show the
B. CIVILIZATION restrained "archaic
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MAN smile", which did not

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demonstrate emotion.
[ARTA111] 1.08 GREEK ART TO ROMAN ART – Mr. Victor Felicia
C. CLASSICAL PERIOD 3. Corinthian
• The peak of Greek sculpture and architecture - is the last developed of the three principal
• It was during this time when the Greeks found classical orders of Ancient Greek architecture and
themselves rebuilding their temples and focusing on Roman architecture
creating artworks - its columns had different arrangements and
• Heroic Realism shapes used to symbolize the strength and
• Artists began sculpting realistically masculinity of men, and other columns
symbolized the features of women. In addition,
i. SCULPTURE the Corinthian order also contains the acanthus
DYING WARRIOR leaves, mainly adopted from the Roman capitals.

D. HELLENISTIC PERIOD
• 323 B.C - 31 C.E
• Time of Alexander the Great
• Art was primarily focused on showcasing emotions
and depicting reality
• Sculptors started to create statue groups

i. SCULPTURES
The Seated Boxer

Myron Hercules Aphrodite of Knidos

Old Drunkard Barberini Faun

Contrapposto Pose
• It is used in the visual arts to describe
a human figure standing with most of
its weight on one foot, so that its
shoulders and arms twist off-axis from
the hips and legs in the axial plane.
• The human body is used to express a
more relaxed psychological
disposition.

Blinding of the Drunken Cyclops

ii. ARCHITECTURE

Venus de Milo Farnese Bull

1. Doric
- one of the earliest and most simple of the
Classical Orders set down in ancient Greece
- is most easily recognized by the simple circular
capitals at the top of columns.
2. Ionic
- It is most recognizable by its columns
- the volute is shaped like scrolls or spirals.
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[ARTA111] 1.08 GREEK ART TO ROMAN ART – Mr. Victor Felicia
Alexander Sarcophagus • Euripides
- was a tragedian of
classical Athens. Along
with Aeschylus and
Sophocles, he is one of
the three ancient Greek
tragedians for whom any
plays have survived in full.
Some ancient scholars
attributed ninety-five plays
to him, but the Suda says
it was ninety-two at most.

a. DIONYSUS
▪ God of Fertility
▪ His followers started the Greek theater
▪ People who were devoted to Dionysus would dance
“Laocoon and his sons” during ceremonies while giving their offerings involving
Laocoon, a Trojan dances and choral songs, which depicted Greek
priest, and his sons mythologies
being strangled by ▪ the Greeks organized theatrical contests where the
serpents. Their performances were held in front of large citizens
position was a result
of locoon’s because IV. ANCIENT ROME
he felt that the o The Roman Republic was established around 500
wooden horse BCE
offered by the o This civilization eventually transformed into one of
Greeks as a gift to Western Europe’s mightiest empires
Athena was a trick. o Since they had expanded and covered many
Poseidon, the Greek territories, they interacted with neighboring
God of the sea was civilizations, particularly with the Greeks
enlarged by such
action which led him A. HELLENISTIC PERIOD
to send serpents to • Roman civilization came from this age
strangle Laocoon • it was a period when Greek culture’s influence has
and his sons. reached its peak in the Mediterranean world
• The Romans were fond the Greeks and their
ii. THEATER & DRAMA achievements in the arts
▪ The origins of theater and drama can be traced back
• The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures can be seen
during the Greek civilization
in most Roman artworks
a. This eventually made the Romans produce
artworks that are often looking stern, harsh,
and strong
• They also invoked the principles of realism in most of
their works, highlighting the features of human beings
• the Romans were also known to be master builders,
which earned their reputation for grand monuments
and architectural infrastructures
o One of their architecture achievements would
have to be the Colosseum
o This amphitheater was planned and
constructed during the reign of Emperor
Playwright
Vespasian
• Aeschylus o One of its main uses was for entertainment
- was an ancient Greek purposes like public events and gladiator
tragedian, and is often games
described as the father of o This structure was a concreate manifestation
tragedy. Academic of Roman builders’ craftsmanship which
knowledge of the genre focused on logical organization ot the entire
begins with his work, and edifice
understanding of earlier B. ROMAN CULTURE
Greek tragedy is largely o Ancient Greece had a huge impact in the formation of
based on inferences made Roman culture
from reading his surviving plays o There are a lot of Greek influences evident in Roman
• Sophocles theater and drama
- is one of three ancient Greek o Writers of comedy like Platus and Terence have
tragedians, at least one of patterned their works to those of Greek work
whose plays has survived in full. o Since the Roman audience was not as enthusiastic
His first plays were written later about theatrical works unlike their Greek counterparts,
than, or contemporary with, most plays had to be included in the Roman games
those of Aeschylus; and earlier o Just like the Greeks, the Romans valued their gods
than, or contemporary with,
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and this was evident with their sculptures and artworks

those of Euripides
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