What are

Waves?
By Isabel
 What is a wave?
A wave is a disturbance that moves from one place to
another while moving across a medium. As an illustration of a
wave, think of a slinky wave. The slinky takes on a natural state
known as the equilibrium or rest position when it is stretched from
end to end and is kept at rest. Naturally, the slinky assumes this
configuration with its coils evenly spaced apart. The initial particle
is pushed or displaced from its equilibrium or rest position to
create a wave in the slinky. The particle may be pushed forward or
backward, upward or downward, but once it has been moved, it is
brought back to its initial equilibrium or rest position.
Types of waves
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Mechanical waves
Electromagnetic waves
Transverse waves
Longitudinal waves
The types of waves that do not require a medium for propagation are
mechanical waves. Sound wave and surface waves are the two different
kinds of mechanical waves. Examples of mechanical waves are sound
waves, water waves, and spring waves.
Electromagnetic waves are waves that spread and doesn't require a
physical medium. The cycle of the electric and magnetic fields causes
these waves to travel through space.
Transverse waves are waves that oscillate along routes that are
perpendicular to the direction that the wave is moving forward.
Transverse waves include electromagnetic waves (such as radio and
light), water surface ripples, and seismic S (secondary) waves.
The particles in a longitudinal wave are dispersed perpendicular to the
wave's direction of propagation. Moving compressions along a slinky are
an illustration of longitudinal waves. By horizontally pushing and pulling
the slinky, we may create a longitudinal horizontal wave.
What is Seismic Waves?

An earthquake or an explosion can cause

an elastic wave known as a seismic wave.
Rayleigh is a types of seismic waves that
can travel through the interior of the earth
as well as along its surface (P and S
waves)
Types of Seismic wave

P-wave S-wave motion

P-wave:the primary body wave; secondary body waves that cause the ground to
the first seismic wave detected by vibrate in the opposite direction of the wave's
seismographs; able to move path of travel. They move 1.7 times more slowly
through both liquid and solid rock.  than P waves. S waves cannot pass through
liquids like water, molten rock, or the Earth's
outer core because they cannot withstand shear
forces. S waves cause the ground's surface to
move both vertically and horizontally.
Types of Seismic wave
Rayleigh wave
Surface acoustic waves called Rayleigh
waves move along the surface of solids.
They are commonly employed in non-
destructive testing to find flaws and can
be created in materials in a variety of
methods, for as by a localises impact or
by mechanical transmission.
Love wave
Love waves are horizontally polarises surface
waves in the field of elastic dynamics, and they
are named after Augustus Edward Hough Love.
The Love wave is created when a large number
of shear waves interfere and are led by an
elastic layer that is welded to an elastic half
space on one side and borders a vacuum on the
other.
 How are seismic waves measured?
The main tool used to measure earthquakes is a seismograph. The
ground motion brought on by the seismic waves is captured digitally
and graphically by the seismograph. Seismogram is the name of the
digital recording. The power and duration of the earthquake's waves are
detected and measured by an international network of seismographs. A
pen hangs from the weight, while a rotating drum filled with paper lies
on the base below it. The tip of the pen makes contact with the drum.
When the earth shakes due to an earthquake, the drum rotates and the
weighted pen moves back and forth due to seismic wave motion. The
movement of the pen on the drum is recorded.
Why is using seismic wave important?
Seismic waves, carry the energy from earthquakes. Seismology is the scientific study of
seismic waves. Seismologists use seismic waves to study the Earth's innards and learn more
about earthquakes.
Resources
A. (2021, July 16). Different Types of Waves in Physics With Examples . Ox Science.
Retrieved August 7, 2022, from https://oxscience.com/types-of-waves/#:
%7E:text=Basically%2C%20there%20are%20three%20types,electromagnetic
%20waves%2C%20and%20matter%20waves.
Dastrup, A. (n.d.). Seismic Waves | Physical Geography. Seismic Wave. Retrieved
August 7, 2022, from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-geophysical/chapter/seismic-waves/#:
%7E:text=The%20energy%20from%20earthquakes%20travels,learn%20about%20the
%20Earth’s%20interior.
Physics Tutorial: What is a Wave? (n.d.). What Is a Wave? Retrieved August 6, 2022,
from https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/Lesson-1/What-is-a-Wave
Seismic Wave Motions—4 waves animated- Incorporated Research Institutions for
Seismology. (n.d.). Seismic Wave Motion. Retrieved August 7, 2022, from
https://www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/animation/seismic_wave_motions4_waves_animated