Phy05P: General Physics I 1st Term, A.Y.

2018-2019

PROJECTILE MOTION
Motion along X-axis and Y-axis
Malcolm Jayson G. Calicsihan
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PROJECTILE
A projectile refers to an object which, given an initial velocity,
follows a path called its trajectory.

Projectile motion is two-dimensional.

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LAW OF COMPOUND MOTION
“When an object is moving in multiple directions, the motion in
one dimension has no effect on motion in another dimension.”

***In the analysis of projectile motion, vertical and horizontal components

must be separated.

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PROJECTILE MOTION CASE 1

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PROJECTILE MOTION CASE 2

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PROJECTILE MOTION
Given an initial velocity, v0 , separate the initial horizontal and
vertical speeds.

v0
v0y

v0x
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FORMULA
v0x = v0 cosθ v0y = v0 sinθ
where:
v0 = initial speed
θ= angle in which the projectile was released
v0x = initial horizontal speed
v0y = initial vertical speed
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PROJECTILE MOTION
Vertical Motion
The acceleration is constant.
The vertical velocity at the peak of the trajectory is zero.

Horizontal Motion
The acceleration is zero.
The horizontal velocity is constant.
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 v = v0 + at

HORIZONTAL MOTION VERTICAL MOTION

vx = v0x + ax t

vx = v0x vy = v0y + ay t

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 1 2
d = v0 t + at
2
HORIZONTAL MOTION VERTICAL MOTION

1 2
dx = v0x t + ax t
2
1 2
dx = v0x t dy = v0y t + ay t
2
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 2 2
v = v0 + 2ad

HORIZONTAL MOTION VERTICAL MOTION

2 2
vx = v0x + 2ax d

2 2
vx = v0x (vy ) = (v0y ) +2ay dy

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A batter hits a baseball, with the ball leaving the bat at a speed of 175
kph at an angle of 35° with the positive x-axis. Neglecting air
resistance, determine:

a. the maximum height and distance that the ball reached, and

b. the time it took the ball to be at the same initial altitude.

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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HANGTIME
Hangtime (ttotal) is the total elapsed time during the flight of the projectile.

2v0 sinθ
t total =
−g

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MAXIMUM HEIGHT
Maximum Height (H or dy-max) is the
maximum vertical distance that a
projectile reaches.

2
v0 2
H= sin θ
−2g

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RANGE
Range (R or dx-total) is the horizontal
distance between the launching point and
the point where the projectile reaches the
same height again from which it started

2
v0
R= sin2θ
−g
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MAXIMUM RANGE
Why do we get the maximum range when we launch a projectile in a 45° angle?

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VARYING ANGLES

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VARYING ANGLES
Range increases if 0° < θ < 45°,
then decreases if 45° < θ < 90°.

Height increases if 0° < θ < 90°.

Complementary Angles have the

same range.

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A ball was kicked at an angle of 55°, reaching a height of 4.82 meters.

a. What is the ball’s initial speed?

b. How long did it take the ball before landing?

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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A projectile was launched at an angle of 42°, falling to the ground 20.0
meters from its initial position.

a. What is the initial speed?

b. What is the maximum height reached by the projectile?

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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An object was launched at a speed of 60.0 m/s, reaching a distance of
200 meters. At what angle was the object launched?

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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A bullet has a speed of 350 m/s as it leaves a rifle. It is fired horizontally
from a cliff 10.5 m above a lake. How far along the horizontal does the
bullet travel before striking the water? Neglect air resistance.

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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A helicopter flying with a horizontal velocity of 8.50 m/s is distributing relief
goods to flood-stricken families. One family is stranded on the roof of their
house that is 6.00 m below the helicopter. Neglecting air resistance,
determine:

a. the horizontal distance from which the relief goods should be thrown to
reach the family?

b. the velocity in which the package hit the roof?

EXAMPLE PROJECTILE MOTION

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REFERENCES
Ostdiek, V.J., and D.J. Bord. Inquiry Into Physics.
2013. 7th Edition. C&E Publishing, Inc. Philippines.
Young, H.D. and R.A. Freedman. University Physics.
2008. 12th Edition. Pearson Addison-Wesley, CA, USA.

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