1. Hydropower does not directly affect the environment itself.

However, the operation for

hydroelectric generators, the dams and reservoirs are the key factors of how the environment is
being affected. The hydropower which come from dams may not be sustainable hence it can be
the only consistent source of electric unlike solar or wind. This is why there should be a way to
make hydropower become environmental-friendly. One key is to make the dams fish-friendly as
proposed by Amber in which dams that are no longer in use can be dismantled to restore
waterway to the previous state, while those that can still be used must be rehabilitated to provide
hydropower. In addition to this, making use of fish-friendly or more efficient turbines to minimize
the environmental impacts of using dams as source of power while maximizing the usage of dams.
Lowering the heights of the turbines or putting it directly into the waters may be helpful for
lessening the harmful effects to the environment. In some companies, they have been making use
of turbines that does not disrupt the flow of water just like the Smart Hydro Power in Germany.
Using less-invasive methods for acquiring hydropower may lessen the negative impact to the
ecosystem and may reduce the mess that it can bring to the quality of waters.

2. Oxygen ingress can greatly contribute to corrosion as well as through the occurrence of CO2 and
H2S that forms water. However, as oxygen enters, it increases the concentration to the metal
surfaces because of the changes in nature of the corrosion products. In addition to this, because
oxygen is a cathodic depolarizer which can react with and remove the hydrogen ion film during
electrochemical corrosion from the cathode surface, thereby it permits corrosion attack to
continue. To prevent and avoid possible corrosion, cation filters may be used. These are
developed to prevent corrosion. Also, introduction of oxygen in the geothermal water streams
should be avoided because oxygen ingress can occur at high rates that may cause substantial
amount of iron oxides and may potentially result to the clogging of sand screens in injection wells.
By maintaining a high-pressure operation, the amount of oxygen ingression may be limited. Avoid
the usage of improperly cleaned tubing upon installation of geothermal wells as well to prevent
corrosion.

3. Barite scaling is one kind of mineral that can be precipitated during the process of drilling and are
common scales in gas and oil industry. When these scales are deposited into the flow channels, it
will significantly narrow the diameter of the capillary resulting to the shrinkage of well
productivity. Due to the continuous drilling for the acquiring geothermal, earthquakes can
happen. Mixing of incompatible brines and solid invasion of barite weighted during the drilling
may be the possible sources of barite scales. Possible solutions for these may include making use
of cation filters with absorption material that can possibly remove barium. In addition to this,
usage scaling inhibitors to avoid barite scales as well as avoiding the site locations that are rich in
brines in the system.