‫‪OSHA‬‬

‫‪OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND‬‬

‫‪HEALTH ADMINISTRATION‬‬
‫‪U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR‬‬
‫‪Dr. Ebrahim Mostafa Ebrahim– Authorized OSHA Trainer‬‬

‫ﺑﺭﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻷﻭﺷﺎ ﻟﻠﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫‪OSHA General Industry Standards‬‬
‫‪U‬‬

‫ﻣﺧﺎﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء‬
‫ﻣﺗﻁﻠﺑﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺯﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌ�ﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ�ﺔ ﻳﺟ�ﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ ﻣﻁﺎﺑﻘ�ﺔ ﻟﻣﻭﺻ�ﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺷ�ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء ‪ ،‬ﻛﺫﻟﻙ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ ﺟﻣﻳ�ﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻌ�ﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬ�ﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ�ﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺗﻣﺩﺓ ﻣﻥ ﻗﺑﻝ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻌﺗﻣﺩﺓ ﻣﺛﻝ )‪(U.L‬‬
‫• ﻳﺟﺏ ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺏ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺑﺣﻳﺙ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺛﺑﺗ�ﺔ ﻋﻠﻳﻬ�ﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺿ���ﺣﺔ ﻭﺳ���ﻬﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘ���ﺭﺍءﺓ ﺑﻭﺍﺳ���ﻁﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻔﺗ���ﻳﺵ ﺑ���ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺟ���ﺔ ﺇﻟ���ﻲ ﻓ���ﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﻌ���ﺩﺓ‬
‫)‪(Nameplates Marking‬‬
‫• ﻳﺟ��ﺏ ﺗ��ﺭﻗﻳﻡ ﺟﻣﻳ��ﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻳ��ﻭﺯﺍﺕ )‪ ، (Fuses‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻁ��ﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ��ﺔ ) ‪Circuit‬‬
‫‪ (Breakers‬ﻓﻲ ﻟﻭﺣﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﺣﺳﺏ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺣﻳﺙ ﻳﺳﻬﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺭﻑ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻛﻝ ﻓﻳﻭﺯ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺎﻁﻊ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﻛﻝ ﻣﻌﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻁﻠ�ﺏ ﺇﻟﺯﺍﻣ�ﻲ ﺑﻭﺍﺳ�ﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺷ��ﺎ ﺣﺗ��ﻲ ﻳ��ﺗﻡ ﺍﺳ��ﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻳ��ﻭﺯ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘ��ﺎﻁﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ��ﺎﺋﻲ ﺍﻟﺻ��ﺣﻳﺢ ﻓ��ﻲ ﺣ��ﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ﻟﻔﺻﻝ ﻭﻋﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺟﻬﺩ ‪ 600‬ﻓﻭﻟﺕ ﻭﺃﻗﻝ‪:‬‬

‫• ﻳﺟﺏ ﺗﺭﻙ ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻳﺔ )‪ (Space Work‬ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﺧﻠﻑ ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺳﻣﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﻟﺩﺧﻭﻝ ﺍﻵﻣﻥ ﻹﺟﺭﺍء ﺃﻋﻣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﺎﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﻬﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﻌ�ﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ�ﺔ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﻳ��ﺙ ﻻ ﻳﻘ��ﻝ ﻋ��ﺭﺽ ﻫ��ﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳ��ﺎﺣﺔ ﻋ��ﻥ ‪ 30‬ﺑﻭﺻ��ﺔ )‪75‬ﺳ��ﻡ ( ﺃﻣ��ﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﺟﻬ��ﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﻬﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺻﻔﺭ ﺣﺗﻲ ‪ 600‬ﻓﻭﻟﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﺗﻡ ﺗﺭﻙ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﺧﻠﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻡ ﺗﻛﻥ ﻫﻧﺎﻙ ﺃﻳﺔ ﺃﺟﺯﺍء ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﻓﻛﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪29‬‬
‫‪OSHA‬‬
‫‪OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND‬‬
‫‪HEALTH ADMINISTRATION‬‬
‫‪U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR‬‬
‫‪Dr. Ebrahim Mostafa Ebrahim– Authorized OSHA Trainer‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻳﺟﺏ ﺗﺭﻙ ﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻝ ﻋﻥ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻭﺻﺔ )‪90‬ﺳﻡ ( ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺣﺎﺋﻁ ) ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺋﻁ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﻏﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء(‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺣﺎﺋﻁ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻣﻭﺻﻝ ﻟﻠﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء ﻣﺛﻝ ﺍﻟﺣﻭﺍﺋﻁ ﺍﻟﻣﺻﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﺧﺭﺳﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺣﺟﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺑﻼﻁ )ﺗﻌﺗﺑﺭ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺣﻭﺍﺋﻁ ﺣﻭﺍﺋﻁ ﻣﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻣﺳﻬﺎ ﻳﻣﻛﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻭﺻﻳﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺟﺳﻡ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ( ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻭﺻﺔ )‪ 90‬ﺳﻡ( ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﺟﻬﺩﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻥ ﺻﻔﺭ – ‪ 150‬ﻓﻭﻟﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 42‬ﺑﻭﺻﺔ )‪110‬ﺳﻡ( ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﺟﻬﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻥ ‪ 600 – 151‬ﻓﻭﻟﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫‪OSHA‬‬
‫‪OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND‬‬
‫‪HEALTH ADMINISTRATION‬‬
‫‪U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR‬‬
‫‪Dr. Ebrahim Mostafa Ebrahim– Authorized OSHA Trainer‬‬

‫• ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻣﻭﺍﺟﻬ�ﺔ ﻟﺑﻌﺿ�ﻬﺎ ﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳ�ﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 36‬ﺑﻭﺻ�ﻳﺔ )‪ 90‬ﺳ�ﻡ(‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺟﻬﺩ ﻣﻥ ﺻﻔﺭ – ‪ 150‬ﻓﻭﻟ�ﺕ ﻭﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﺳ�ﺎﻓﺔ ‪ 48‬ﺑﻭﺻ�ﺔ )‪120‬ﺳ�ﻡ(‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﺟﻬﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﻥ ‪ 600-151‬ﻓﻭﻟﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺟﺏ ﺇﻋﻁﺎء ﺍﻫﺗﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﻛﺑﺭ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺭﺿﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ﻣﻥ ‪ 6‬ﻗﺩﻡ )ﻣﺗﺭﻳﻥ(‬
‫ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺓ ‪ 1200‬ﺃﻣﺑﻳﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺛﺭ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺣﻳﺙ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺗﻭﻓﻳﺭ ﻣﺧﺭﺟﻳﻥ ﻟﻠﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻝ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻛﻝ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﻭﻋﺭﺿﻪ ﻋﻥ ‪60‬ﺳﻡ ﻭﺫﻟ�ﻙ ﻟﺧ�ﺭﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻌ�ﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺩﻭﺙ ﺃﻳﺔ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﻁﺎﺭﺋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪31‬‬
 ‫‪OSHA‬‬
‫‪OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND‬‬
‫‪HEALTH ADMINISTRATION‬‬
‫‪U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR‬‬
‫‪Dr. Ebrahim Mostafa Ebrahim– Authorized OSHA Trainer‬‬

‫• ﻳﺟ��ﺏ ﺗﺯﻭﻳ��ﺩ ﺇﺿ��ﺎءﺓ ﻣﻧﺎﺳ��ﺑﺔ ﻓ��ﻲ ﺍﻟﻐ��ﺭﻑ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟ��ﻭﺩ ﺑﻬ��ﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﻌ��ﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ��ﺔ )ﻟﻭﺣ��ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ��ﺎء – ﻟﻭﺣ��ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻔ��ﺎﺗﻳﺢ( ﻭﺫﻟ��ﻙ ﻟﺗ��ﻭﻓﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺳ��ﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻣ��ﺎﻥ ﻟﻠ��ﺫﻳﻥ ﻳﻘﻭﻣ��ﻭﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺻ��ﻳﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﻣﻥ ﻛﺷﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻧﻳﻭﻥ ﺑﺣﻳﺙ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻝ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻥ ﻣﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﻣ�ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺃﻻ ﺗﻘﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﺷﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺿﺎءﺓ ﻋﻥ‬
‫‪ 36‬ﺑﻭﺻﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺗﺳﺗﺧﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﻟﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﻵﺗﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻣﻳﻳﺯ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺻﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺳﻭﺩ ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺳﻠﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﺗﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺑﻳﺽ ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻭﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﺿﺭ ‪ /‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﺧﺿﺭ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﺭ‬

‫‪32‬‬
‫‪OSHA‬‬
‫‪OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND‬‬
‫‪HEALTH ADMINISTRATION‬‬
‫‪U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR‬‬
‫‪Dr. Ebrahim Mostafa Ebrahim– Authorized OSHA Trainer‬‬

‫• ﻛ��ﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺧ��ﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳ��ﺔ )‪ 120 (Outlets‬ﻓﻭﻟ��ﺕ – ‪ 20 – 15‬ﺃﻣﺑﻳ��ﺭ ﺍﻟﺗ��ﻲ ﻳ��ﺗﻡ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺷﺎءﺍﺕ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﺯﻭﺩﺓ ﺑـ‬
‫‪ Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter‬ﻭﺫﻟﻙ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻳﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺧﻁﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺻﻌﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺑﻁﺎﺭﻳ�ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺗ�ﻲ ﺗﺳ�ﺗﺧﺩﻡ )‪ (UPS‬ﻓ�ﻲ ﺇﻣ�ﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﻳ�ﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ�ﺎﺋﻲ ﻓ�ﻲ ﺣﺎﻟ�ﺔ ﺇﻧﻘﻁ��ﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺗﻳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻲ ﻳﺟﺏ ﺗﻭﻓﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻬﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻣﻭﺟﻭﺩﺓ ﻓﻳ�ﻪ ﺑﺣﻳ�ﺙ ﻳ�ﺗﻡ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻳﻳﺭ ﻫﻭﺍء ﺍﻟﻐﺭﻓﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻳﻥ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺇﻟﻲ ﺳﺗﺔ ﻣﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﺧﺻﻳﺔ ﺃﺛﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﺍﺳ�ﺗﻌﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻗ��ﻲ ﺍﻟ�ﺭﺃﺱ ‪ Head Protection‬ﺍﻟ��ﺫﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻭﺻ�ﻝ ﺍﻟﺗﻳ��ﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ��ﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻣﻧ��ﻊ ﺍﺳ��ﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺧ��ﻭﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﺻ��ﻧﻭﻋﺔ ﻣ��ﻥ ﺍﻷﻟﻭﻣﻧﻳ��ﻭﻡ ﻋﻧ��ﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻣ��ﻝ ﺑ��ﺎﻟﻘﺭﺏ ﻣ��ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻗﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻳﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺟﻪ ﻋﻧ�ﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻣ�ﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ�ﺎء ﻭﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ ﻫﻧ�ﺎﻙ ﻣﺧ�ﺎﻁﺭ ﻣ�ﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻁﺎﻳﺭ ﺷﺭﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺣﺫﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺭﻗﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﻳﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎء‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺟﻣﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻳﺩﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻲ ﻳﺗﻡ ﺍﺳﺗﺧﺩﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﻧﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﻣﻝ ﺑﺎﻷﺟﻬﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﻳﺟﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﻌﺯﻭﻟ�ﺔ‪ .‬ﻛ�ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﻣﻌ�ﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻳﺩﻭﻳ�ﺔ ﺍﻟﺗ�ﻲ ﺗ�ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑ�ﺎء ﻳﺟ�ﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻛ�ﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻭﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻛﻭﻥ ﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻧﻭﻉ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﺯﺩﻭﺝ ‪Double Insulated‬‬
‫‪.Equipment‬‬

‫• ﺗﺗﻁﻠﺏ ﻣﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺷﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺗﻡ ﺗﻭﻓﻳﺭ ﺍﻟﺣﻣﺎﻳ�ﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣ�ﺔ ﻣ�ﻥ ﺧﻁ�ﺭ ﻣﻼﻣﺳ�ﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺻ�ﻳﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻰ ﻳﺑﻠﻎ ﺟﻬﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻰ ﻣﻥ ‪ 50‬ﻓﻭﻟ�ﺕ ﻭﺃﻛﺛ�ﺭ ﻭﺫﻟ�ﻙ ﺑﺄﺣ�ﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻁ�ﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺗﻳﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻭﺿ���ﻊ ﺟﻣﻳ���ﻊ ﺍﻟﺗﻭﺻ���ﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺣﻳ���ﺔ ﺩﺍﺧ���ﻝ ﻏﺭﻓ���ﺔ ﻣﻌﺯﻭﻟ���ﺔ ﻭﻳﻣﻧ���ﻊ ﺩﺧﻭﻟﻬ���ﺎ ﻟﻐﻳ���ﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﻳﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻋﺯﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﺯﺍء ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺔ ﺑﻭﺍﺳﻁﺔ ﺣ�ﺎﺟﺯ ﺩﺍﺋ�ﻡ ﺑﺣﻳ�ﺙ ﻻ ﻳﺳ�ﺗﻁﻳﻊ ﺃﻯ ﺷ�ﺧﺹ ﺍﻟ�ﺩﺧﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﺻﻭﻝ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻷﺷﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﻳﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﺭﻛﻳﺏ ﺍﻷﺟﺯﺍء ﺍﻟﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺣﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻝ ﻋﻥ ‪ 8‬ﻗﺩﻡ )‪5‬ﻭ‪ 2‬ﻣﺗﺭﺍ( ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺣﺗﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻣﻛﻥ ﺍﻟﻭﺻﻭﻝ ﺇﻟﻳﻬﺎ ﺑﺳﻬﻭﻟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪33‬‬