CLB 19303 MATHEMATICS 2 Chap 4 Laplace Transform

Tutorial 5

1 𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠) 𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)} = 𝑓(𝑡)

𝐿{𝑔(𝑡)} = 𝐺(𝑠) 𝐿−1 {𝐺(𝑠)} = 𝑔(𝑡)

𝐿{ℎ(𝑡)} = 𝐻(𝑠) 𝐿−1 {𝐻(𝑠)} = ℎ(𝑡)

1 1
𝐿{1} = 𝐿−1 { } = 1
𝑠 𝑠
1 1
𝐿{𝑒 𝑎𝑡 } = 𝐿−1 { } = 𝑒 𝑎𝑡
𝑠−𝑎 𝑠−𝑎
1 1
𝐿{𝑒 3𝑡 } = 𝐿−1 { } = 𝑒 3𝑡
𝑠−3 𝑠−3
1 1 1
𝐿{𝑒 −3𝑡 } = = 𝐿−1 { } = 𝑒 −3𝑡
𝑠 − (−3) 𝑠 + 3 𝑠+3

Q2 (a) f (t )  2t 4
4! 48
𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐿{2𝑡 4 } = 2𝐿{𝑡 4 } = 2 ( 4+1 ) = 5 = 𝐹(𝑠)
𝑠 𝑠
4! = 4.3.2.1 = 24
𝑛! = 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 3) …

Q2 (b) f (t )  4t  10

1! 1 4 10
𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐿{4𝑡 − 10} = 4𝐿{𝑡} − 10𝐿{1} = 4 ( 1+1 ) − 10 ( ) = 2 −
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

Q2 (c) f (t )  t 2  6t  3

2! 1! 1 2 6 3
𝐿{𝑡 2 + 6𝑡 − 3} = 𝐿{𝑡 2 } + 6𝐿{𝑡} − 3𝐿{1} = + 6 ( 1+1 ) − 3 ( ) = 3 + 2 −
𝑠 2+1 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

Q2 (d) f (t )  t  1
3

6 6 3 1
𝐿{(𝑡 + 1)3 } = 𝐿{𝑡 3 + 3𝑡 2 + 3𝑡 + 1} = 4
+ 3+ 2+
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

Q2 (e) f (t )  1  e 4t

1 1
𝐿{1 + 𝑒 4𝑡 } = 𝐿{1} + 𝐿{𝑒 4𝑡 } = +
𝑠 𝑠−4


Q2 (f) f (t )  1  e 2t  2

1 2 1
𝐿{1 + 2𝑒 2𝑡 + 𝑒 4𝑡 } = + +
𝑠 𝑠−2 𝑠−4

MN Mahmud @ UniKL MICET Page 1 of 4 Wednesday, 20 May, 2020

CLB 19303 MATHEMATICS 2 Chap 4 Laplace Transform

Q2 (g) f (t )  4t 2  5 sin 3t

8 3 8 15
𝐿{4𝑡 2 − 5 sin 3𝑡} = − 5( 2 )= 3− 2
𝑠3 𝑠 +9 𝑠 𝑠 +9

INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORM

1 1 2! 1
Q3 (a) L 1  3
= 2! 𝐿−1 {𝑠2+1 } = 2 𝑡 2
s 
 1 48  1! 48 4!
Q3 (b) L 1   5  = 𝐿−1 {𝑠1+1} − 4! 𝐿−1 {𝑠4+1} = 𝑡 − 2𝑡 4
s s 
2

1  ( s  1) 3  3 2
−1 𝑠 +3𝑠 +3𝑠+1 −1 𝑠
3 3𝑠2 3𝑠 1
Q3 (c) L  4  = 𝐿 { 4 } = 𝐿 { 4 + 4 + 𝑠4 + 𝑠4 }
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
 s 
1 3 3 1 1! 3 2! 1 3!
= 𝐿−1 { + 2 + 3 + 4 } = 1 + 3𝐿−1 { 1+1 } + 𝐿−1 { 2+1 } + 𝐿−1 { 3+1 }
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 2! 𝑠 3! 𝑠
3 1
= 1 + 3𝑡 + 𝑡 2 + 𝑡 3
2 6
1 1 1 
Q3 (d) L 1    = 𝑡 − 1 + 𝑒
2𝑡
s
2
s s  2

 1 
1
1 1 −1 1 1 −1 1 1 −1𝑡
Q3 (e) L  −1
 = 𝐿 { 4𝑠+1 } = 4 𝐿 {𝑠+1} = 4 𝐿 {𝑠−(−1)} = 4 𝑒 4
4

 4 s  1 4 4 4

 5  5 −1 7 5
Q3 (f) L 1   = 7 𝐿 {𝑠2+72} = 7 sin 7𝑡 (Formula no 7)
 s  49 
2

 4s 
4𝑠
𝑠 1
Q3 (g) L 1   = 𝐿−1
{ 4
4𝑠2 +1
} = 𝐿−1 { 1 2
} = cos 2 𝑡 (Formula no 8)
 4 s  1
2 2
4
𝑠 +( )
2

 2s  6  2𝑠 6 𝑠 6 −1 3
Q3 (h) L 1  −1 −1
 = 𝐿 {𝑠2 +32 − 𝑠2 +32} = 2𝐿 {𝑠2 +32} − 3 𝐿 {𝑠2 +32}
s  9
2

= 2 cos 3𝑡 − 2 sin 3𝑡

MN Mahmud @ UniKL MICET Page 2 of 4 Wednesday, 20 May, 2020

CLB 19303 MATHEMATICS 2 Chap 4 Laplace Transform

 1  1
Q3 (i) L 1  −1
 = 𝐿 {𝑠(𝑠+3)} =? ? ? ? ?
 s  3s 
2

Solve using PARTIAL FRACTIONS

1 1
𝑠(𝑠+3)
= (𝑠−0)(𝑠+3) the roots are s = 0 and s = -3

where both s1 and (s1+3) are linear factors

1 𝐴 𝐵
= +
𝑠(𝑠 + 3) 𝑠 (𝑠 + 3)
Compute A and B (by cross product):
1 𝐴 𝐵
𝑠(𝑠 + 3) = 𝑠(𝑠 + 3) + 𝑠(𝑠 + 3)
𝑠(𝑠 + 3) 𝑠 (𝑠 + 3)
1 = 𝐴(𝑠 + 3) + 𝐵𝑠
Substituting the zeros (the roots):
1
When s = 0, 1 = 𝐴(0 + 3) + 0 ∴ 𝐴 = 3
1
When s = -3, 1 = 0 + 𝐵(−3) ∴ 𝐵 = − 3

Thus,
1 1
1 3 −3
= +
𝑠(𝑠 + 3) 𝑠 (𝑠 + 3)

 1 
1 1
1 − 1 1 1 1
L 1   = 𝐿−1
{ } = 𝐿−1 3
{ + 3
} = 3 𝐿−1 {𝑠 } − 3 𝐿−1 {𝑠−(−3)}
 s  3s  𝑠(𝑠+3) 𝑠 (𝑠+3)
2

1 1 −3𝑡
= − 𝑒
3 3

MN Mahmud @ UniKL MICET Page 3 of 4 Wednesday, 20 May, 2020

CLB 19303 MATHEMATICS 2 Chap 4 Laplace Transform

 1  1
Q3 (m) L 1  −1
 = 𝐿 {𝑠(𝑠2+5)}
 s  5s 
3

1 𝐴 𝐵𝑠 + 𝐶
= + 2
𝑠(𝑠 2 + 5) 𝑠 (𝑠 + 5)
1 = 𝐴(𝑠 2 + 5) + (𝐵𝑠 + 𝐶)𝑠
When s = 0,
1
1 = 𝐴(5) + 0 ∴𝐴=
5
Comparing the coefficients:
1
Coeff. of 𝑠 2 : 0 = 𝐴 + 𝐵 ∴ 𝐵 = −5

Coeff. of 𝑠1 : 0 = 𝐶
Therefore we obtain
1 1
1 − 𝑠
5
= + 5
𝑠(𝑠 2 + 5) 𝑠 (𝑠 2 + 5)

 1 
1 1
1 − 𝑠
L 1   = 𝐿−1
{ } = 𝐿−1 5
{ + 5
}
 s 3
 5 s  𝑠(𝑠2 +5) 𝑠 (𝑠2 +5)

1 1 1 𝑠
= 𝐿−1 { } − 𝐿−1 { 2 }
5 𝑠 5 (𝑠 2 + (√5) )
1 1
= − cos √5 𝑡
5 5

MN Mahmud @ UniKL MICET Page 4 of 4 Wednesday, 20 May, 2020