Waiting Line

Waiting Lines

System

Processing Order

Calling
population Arrivals Waiting Service Exit
line
Structure of a Waiting Line System
• Single Service Channel System

Customer Waiting line Customer

arrives S1 leaves

• Multiple Service Channels System

S1
Customer Waiting line Customer
arrives S2 leaves

S3
 Formulas
• • λ = arrival rate
μ = service rate
c = number of channels
n = a number | n for P0 in Multiple Server is n = c - 1
P0 = probability the service facility is idle
Pn = probability of n units in the system
Pw = probability an arriving unit must wait for service
Lq = average number of units in the queue awaiting
service
L = average number of units in the system
Wq = average time a unit spends in the queue awaiting
service
W = average time a unit spends in the system
 Sample, single server system
• • Assumptions in a single server system model
• → queue discipline: first come first serve
• → arrival rate: there is an infinite calling population
• They are independent from one another and vary randomly over
time
• Poisson Arrival Rate
• → service rate:
• Exponential Service Times (negative exponential distribution)
 Sample, single server system
• • ABC Bank has •
recently opened
and has found that
about 4 clients
come in every hour
for over the
counter
transactions. The
bank being
relatively new has
only one teller and
has a transaction
turn over time of
12 minutes.
 Sample, single server system
• • 24 customers arrive every hour at a cashier in a convenience
store. The cashier can process each client’s purchase every 2
minutes. Compute for all related formulas

• Would it be a better service model and policy to have one

more employee to help the cashier if the policy is to reduce
waiting time to which leads to higher revenues. Given that, If
predicted loss revenue every week per minute of waiting is
said to be 1,000 and the employee is paid 2,000 per week,
and productivity is said to increase to 1/3 of current hourly
productivity. What would your course of action be if the
store is operating for 8 hours.
 Sample, single server system
•
 Sample, single server system
•
 Sample, single server system
• • 24 customers arrive every hour at a cashier in a
convenience store. The cashier can process each
client’s purchase every 2 minutes. Compute for all
related formulas

• If 1 more counter is put up, and devices to avoid

jockeying (drop off) are made, and the customers are
dividing themselves equally to the lines, what would be
the reduction in waiting times
Structure of a Waiting Line System
Single Server System
Waiting line Customer
S1 leaves
Customer e.g.
Arrives Aisle Separator (Small Items) Supermarket
(Even Split) Waiting line Customer Cashier
S2 leaves

Multi Server System

S1
Customer Waiting line
arrives S2 Customer
leaves

e.g. Bank Tellers

S3
 Sample, single server system
•
waiting line quiz
Due
Oct 24 at 3:45pm
Points
24
Questions
12
Available
Oct 24 at 2:35pm - Oct 24 at 3:45pm
1 hour and 10 minutes
Time Limit
70 Minutes

Instructions
Read, understand, and analyze the problems carefull. Provide supporting solutions; No Solution, No Points.

Save all solutions as one pdf file and follow the required file name format (section lastname firstname midterm
exam solutions.pdf - for example, a111  cruz juan midterm exams solution.pdf).

Submit/upload solution file thru the assignment comments of this exam.

NOTE:  All solutions should be handwritten.  It must have your name, section, and signature on it.

This quiz was locked Oct 24 at 3:45pm.

Attempt History
Attempt Time Score
LATEST Attempt 1
69 minutes 24 out of 24


Correct answers are no longer available.

Score for this quiz:

24 out of 24
Submitted Oct 24 at 3:45pm
This attempt took 69 minutes.

Pete’s Market is a small local grocery store with only one checkout counter.
Assume that shoppers arrive at the checkout lane according to a Poisson
probability distribution, with an arrival rate of 15 customers per hour. The checkout
service times follow an exponential probability distribution, with a service rate of 25
customers per hour.

The manager of Pete’s Market wants to consider hiring a second person to

operate a second checkout counter. The two-server operation would have a
service rate of 25 customers per hour for each server.

Compute the operating characteristics for the single server and two server waiting
lines
 Round off to two decimal places. For Probabilities, round off to four decimal
places

NOTE:  Please take note of the given information before you start answering
the questions

Question 1 2
/ 2 pts

for =1, what is the probability that an arriving unit has to wait for service?

0.60

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 2

for k=1, what is the average number of units in the waiting line?

0.9 customers

Question 3 2
/ 2 pts

for k=1, find the average time a unit spent in the waiting line?

3.6 minutes
Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 4

For k=1, what is the probability that no one is in the system? 

0.4000

Question 5 2
/ 2 pts

for k=2, what is the probability that no one is in the system?

0.5385

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 6

for k=2, what is the average number of units in the system?

0.66 customers

Question 7 2
/ 2 pts

for k=1, find the average time a unit spent in the system

6 minutes
 Question 8 2
/ 2 pts

for =2, what is the probability that an arriving unit has to wait for service?

0.1385

Question 9 2
/ 2 pts

for k=2, find the average time a unit spent in the system

2.64 minutes

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 10

for k=2, find the average time a unit spent in the waiting line?

0.24 minutes

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 11

for k=1, what is the average number of units in the system?

1.5 customers
Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 12

for k=2, what is the average number of units in the waiting line?

0.06 cutomers

Quiz Score:
24 out of 24
simulation quiz
Due
Nov 11 at 3:35pm
Points
22
Questions
11
Available
Nov 11 at 2:35pm - Nov 11 at 3:35pm
1 hour
Time Limit
60 Minutes

Instructions
Read, understand, and analyze the problems carefull. Provide supporting solutions; No Solution, No Points.

Save all solutions as one pdf file and follow the required file name format (section lastname firstname midterm
exam solutions.pdf - for example, a111  cruz juan simulation quiz solution.pdf).

Submit/upload solution file thru the assignment comments of this quiz.

NOTE:  Table solutions should be handwritten.  It must have your name, section, and signature on it.

This quiz was locked Nov 11 at 3:35pm.

Attempt History
Attempt Time Score
LATEST Attempt 1
53 minutes 20 out of 22


Correct answers are no longer available.

Score for this quiz:

20 out of 22
Submitted Nov 11 at 3:29pm
This attempt took 53 minutes.

Native Scarves will open several new production facilities next year. Each new
facility is designed to have one quality inspector who checks the knitting of the
wool scarves before shipping it to retailers. The arrival of hand-knit wool scarves to
the quality inspection department is variable over the 24-hour workday (three 8-
hour shifts). A concern is raised that inspection may delay the shipment of scarves
to retailers during busy periods. This concern prompted the firm to undertake a
study of the flow of scarves into the quality inspection department as a waiting line.
Its general manager wants to determine whether one quality inspector per shift at
each facility will suffice. He established service guidelines stating that the average
delay waiting for quality inspection should be no more than one minute. Note that
each scarf can be viewed as a customer since scarves are the flow unit passing
through the system. Its minimum arrival time is 1, while maximum arrival time is 5
minutes.  What will you recommend to the general manager based on the results
of your analysis?

Inter- Service Time

Random Arrival Waiting Service Completion
client arrival start in
number time time time time
time time system

1 0.15         2.10    

2 0.55         1.85    

3 0.47         3.00    

4 0.23         2.00    

5 0.5         3.00    

6 0.41         1.75    

7 0.35         1.60    

8 0.26         2.15    

9 0.50         2.20    

10 0.2         1.80    

  Total              

  Average              

Question 1 2
/ 2 pts

what is the average time the customer waits in line?

 0.20

Question 2 2
/ 2 pts

compute the total service time

21.45

Question 3 2
/ 2 pts

determine the total time in system

23.45

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 4

calculate the total waiting time

2.00

Question 5 2
/ 2 pts
 how many customers are waiting in line?

Question 6 2
/ 2 pts

determine the end of simulation

26.68

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 7

what do you recommend to the general manager?

Based on the findings, the probability of waiting is only 40%, the average wait time for

Incorrect 2
/ 2 pts
Question 8

what is the probability of the customer waits in line?

40.00%
 Question 9 2
/ 2 pts

calculate the utilization rate ( round off to four decimal places)

93.34%

Incorrect 0
/ 2 pts
Question 10

what is the average time the customer spends in the system?

2.15

Question 11 2
/ 2 pts

how many customers are in the system?

10

Quiz Score:
20 out of 22