1.

National Service Training Program (NSTP)

Mandated in:
- baccalaureate degree programs
- 2-year technical vocational
- associate in HEIs in SUCs, LUCs or Private higher and technical vocation
institutions.
HEIs – Higher Educational Institutions
SUCs – State Universities and Colleges
LUCs – Local Colleges and Universities
2. RA 9163 or National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
• Requirement for graduation – Section 4 Rule III of IRR
• Signed by Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

3. ROTC – Reserve Officer Training Corps.

IRR – Implementing Rules and Regulations

Guiding Principle:
Section 1: “While it is the prime duty of the government to serve and protect its citizens, in turn, it
shall be the security of all citizens to defend the security of the state, and in fulfillment thereof, the
government may require each citizen to render personal military or civil service”
Section 2:
a. In recognition of the vital role of the youth in nation building, the state shall promote
civic consciousness among them and shall develop their physical, moral, spiritual,
intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate the ideas of patriotism, nationalism
and advance their involvement in public and civic affairs.
b. As most valuable resource of the nation, they shall be motivated, trained, organized,
and involved in military, literacy, civic welfare programs and other endeavors in the
service of a nation
Components
Section 5: Students can choose from components (from Rule II Section 3 of IRR):
1. ROTC
• under Sections 38 and 39 of RA 7077
• to provide military training
• to motivate, train, organize and mobilize for national defense preparedness.
 2. LTS
• To teach literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out-of-school youths

3. CWTS
• General welfare, betterment of life for the community members
• Enhancement of facilities, improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship,
safety, recreation and moral of the citizenry and social welfare services
ROTC – Reserve Officers’ Training Corps
LTS – Literacy Training Service
CWTS – Civic Welfare Training Service
.
Duration:

• Academic period of 2 semester

• 3 units per semester
• 54 – 90 hours per semester
• OSP in lieu of 2 sem may be designed, formulated by DND, CHED & TESDA, subject
to the capability of the school and the AFP to handle the same.
OSP – One Summer Program
DND – Department of National Defense
CHED – The Commission on Higher Ed
TESDA – Technical Ed and Skills Development Authority
AFP – Armed Forces of The Philippines
TOPICS: TOPIC IN 25 HRS
CONCERNS

In-charge of the overall implementation of NSTP

1. school authorities
- academic and administrative supervision over the design, formulation, adoption
- implements the components in their school

2. ROTC, school authorities, and DND

- subject to the policies, regulations, and program of DND on the military component of the
training
- shall exercise joint supervision over its implementation.

Those who took CWTS and LTS

• Belong to the NSRC

• Could be tapped for literacy and civic welfare acts in calamities.
TOR – Transcript of Records
NSRC – National Service Reserve Corps

Those who took ROTC

• Belong to the Citizens Armed Forced as reservists in the AFP that could be tapped in
national emergency.
• Can pursue advance ROTC Training and could be an advantage if they would like to
engage as uniformed personnel in the future.
• Trainee, they will have cash incentives and military uniform
• Have advantage to be a commissioned officer of the modernizing AFP.
Note: Those who took those 3 components will be NSTP GRADUATES and will have NSTP
SERIAL # in their official TOR.
Good Citizenship

The Philippine Constitution

• Fundamental law of the state

• Principles founded by the gov’t to regulate the division of sovereign powers and directs to
what persons each of these powers is to be entrusted and the manner of its exercise.
• A written instrument
• Fundamental powers of gov’t are established, limited, and defined and powers are
distributed among departments for safety and exercise benefited of the body.
• Framework of form of gov’t and its power & right of the people.
• Defines citizenry
• Territorial area provides basic and fundamental principles and procedures on the
amendatory process.
• May be distinguished from law
Constitution:
1. Supreme law of the land
2. Direct enactment from the people for they ratify it.
3. Contains general principles or provisions
4. Permanent in character, its amendment is difficult
5. Amendatory process must be strictly followed.
Law:
1. General application but must conform to the constitution
2. Enactment of the people’s representative
3. Contains details to implement provisions of the constitution
4. To amend directly by the legislative body
5. Amendment process is a simple process of legislation

Characteristics of a good constitution:

1. Broadness
- Must outline the organization of the gov’t of the whole state
- Statement of the scope and function of the gov’t and relation of the bodies requires that its great
outlines should be marked.
- Its important designated and minor ingredients that composed those objects from the nature of
the objects themselves.
2. Definiteness
- Constitution being definite
- Not vague in the statement of the principle underlying the essential nature of a state as
this may lead to opposing interpretations that may be harmful.
Common types of constitution:
1. As to form:
a. Written
b. Unwritten

2. As to origin and history

a. Cumulative or evolved
b. Conventional or Enacted

3. As to ease or difficulty of amendments

a. Flexible or elastic
b. Rigid or inelastic

National Philippine Flag (Pambansang Watawat ng Pilipinas)

- Horizontal flag bicolor
- Equal bands of royal blue and scarlet
- White equilateral triangle at the hoist
- Center of the triangle: golden-yellow sun with 8 primary rays (each represents a Ph
province):
a. At each vertex: 5 pointed, golden-yellow star (Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao –
country’s 3 main island groups)
b. Central star – Panay
Symbolism
- Rectangular design
- White equilateral triangle = liberty, equality & fraternity
- Horizontal blue stripe = peace, truth, & justice
- Horizontal red “ “ = patriotism and valor
Construction

Usage

• Should display in all gov’t buildings, official residents, public plaza & schools every day
per year.
• Other places as designated by the National Historical Commission.
• Flag days:
a. May 28 (Nat’l flag day)
b. June 12 (Independence Day)
Note: during these, all offices, agencies and instrumentalities of gov’t, business establishments,
institutions of learning and private homes are enjoined to display the flag.
Half-mast

• Flown as a sign of mourning

• Death of the pres., should be half-mast for 10 days
• 7 days for VP, the Chief of Justice, the Pres. Of the Senate of the Speaker.
Flags in wakes and burials

• can cover the caskets of the dead of the military and civil uniformed services, veterans of
prev. wars, nat’l artists and outstanding civilians.
Prohibited acts
a. to mutilate, deface, defile, trample on or cast contempt or commit any act or omission
casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag or surface.
b. Dip the flag to any person or object by compliment or salute
c. To use the flag:
1. Drapery, festoon, tablecloth
2. Covering for ceilings, walls, statues etc.
3. Pennant in hood, side, back of motor vehicles
 4. Staff or whip
5. Unveiling monuments or statues
6. Trademarks, or for industrial, commercial, or agricultural labels or designs.
d. To display the flag:
1. Under painting or picture
2. Horizontally face up (shall be hoisted aloft and allow to fall freely)
3. Below any platform
4. discothèques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places of
vice or where frivolity prevails.
e. To add word, figure, mark, picture, design drawings, advertisement, or imprint of any
nature
f. To display in public any foreign flag except in embassies, diplomatic establishments,
offices of int’l orgs.
g. To be part of any advertisement or infomercial
h. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens
note: those who violate = conviction, punished by fine or imprisonment.

Good Citizenship Values

Article II Section 13

• vital role of youth in nation-building

• protects their physical, moral and spiritual, intellectual and social well being
• inculcate in youth patriotism & nationalism
• encourage in public and civic affairs.

Assistance to the youth in Education:

1. scholarship grants
2. study now, pay later
3. summer youth job
4. tulong dunong
5. free tertiary Ed law (UNIFAST)
6. sports and league competitions
 7. summer youth camps
8. leaderhi trainings.
To be worthy of respect and confidence of our countrymen, we must strive, first and above all
to be a good citizen.

Good Filipino Citizen

1. plays active and intelligent role as a community member
2. fulfills duties / obligations to the gov’t & society
3. possesses respectfulness, courtesy & consideration for parents & elders etc.
4. observes punctuality, promptness, and good moral conduct
Voter Education

• suffrage – right to vote

• Andrew Heywood in his 2nd edition book “Politics”: our right to vote is embodied in the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Int’l Covenant on Civil Political Rights and 1987
Ph Constitution.
Art V, Sec 1-2 states that:

Sovereignty – principle of absolute and unlimited power.

Article II Sec 1: “Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from
them”
: people make the decision, select leaders, and know the electoral process.

United Nations Principles of Human Rights

The Universal Declaration: 'the inherent dignity of all members of the human family is the
foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world'.
- human rights are universal – to be enjoyed by all people, no matter who they are or where
they live (UDHR).
- this laid the foundation for human rights protection that we have today.
 - It was adopted and proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948 but it is
still relevant today.

Following rights according to UDHR:

Security

• national concern
• peaceful existence of the state
• shall be the state’s primordial concern to secure constituents
• state of being where the Filipino peoples’ values, life, institutions, welfare and well-being,
sovereignty & strategic locations are protected and enhanced.
 Security will change and interpreted as

• Security of people, not just territory

• Security of individuals, not just nations
• Security through development, not arms.
Commonwealth Act No. 1 (National Defense Act)

• orig. policy basis of the National Security Program of the PH.

• 1987 Constitution mandates civilian control of the military
• President as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces; also heads the National
Security Council (policy-making and advisory body)
Council contains:
1. Pres
2. VP
3. AFP chief or staff
4. National Security Council Director
5. Exec. Sec.
6. Sec. of Foreign Affairs
7. Sec. of National defense
8. Sec. of Interior / Local Gov.
9. Sec. of Justice
10. Sec. of Labor / Employment
Responsibility for national security was vested in the DND.
1991: principal functions the dept. to defend the state against int/external
PNP: maintains law and order
Sec. of National Defense- law a civilian, advises the Pres. on defense and developing defense
policy.
7 fundamental elements define national security
1. Socio-Political Stability
• gov’t & people engage in nation-building under law, constitutional democracy &
human rights
2. Territorial Integrity
• ensures permanent inviolability of national territory and control by the gov’t and
state.
• Preserves Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
• Protection from illegal incursions and resource exploitation
3. Economic Solidarity and Strength
• Pursue a free-market economy by responsible entrepreneurship based on
conscience, respect for the dignity of labor and public interest.
4. Ecological Balance
• national survival rests for conservation of environment in industrial and agricultural
expansion and population growth
 5. Cultural Cohesiveness
• Set of values / beliefs oh high moral and ethical standards
• Filipino identity
• Religious, ethnic, linguistic differences
6. Moral-Spiritual Consensus
• Propelled by a national vision
• Our words by patriotism, national pride, national goals / objectives.
7. External Peace
• Constructive and cordial relations with all nation
• Free from external control, interference, or threat of aggression.
Security threats in PH

• Many are non-military

• Security concerns needs to be address in informed and intelligent manner.
National Security

• Measures aimed at countering domestic / internal challenges to political and socio-

economic order.
• external aspects, they’re safeguarding the state against outside or foreign forces,
pressures, or influence designed placing under the domination or control of some foreign
state(s)
• ensuring the safety of the state against foreign intervention or domination
6 common types of threats:
1. Rebellion (Insurrection)
• refusal of order
• behaviors from civil disobedience and mass nonviolent resistance to violent
• attempts to destroy an established authority (ex. Government).

2. Terrorism
• means of coercion.
• violent acts to create fear (terror)
• disregard the safety of non-combatants (civilians)

3. Murder
• Unlawful
• Killing of human with intent
• Other form of homicide

4. Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention

• transportation of a person against the person’s will
• hold the person in false imprisonment
• confinement without legal authority.
• for ransom (another crime)
• Maybe a child custody dispute
 5. Hijacking / Highway Robbery
• crime of taking
• threat of force
• put the victim in fear.
• robbery is defined as taking the property of another, with intent, by means of force
6. Crimes involving destruction
• measurable degree of damage up to and including a state beyond use or repair,
• state wherein such damage is occurring and continuing. Ex. self-destructive
behaviors, suicide, demolition
Internal & External threats
Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)
The main internal threat arises from the MILF, in open rebellion against the government, has the
avowed objective of establishing an independent Islamic state in southern Philippines.
threat from the ASG, a small band of highly mobile terrorists with suspected links to international
networks CPP / NPA / NDF.
Communist Party of the Philippines
New People’s Army
National Democratic Front
These 3 continue to pose a serious threat to national security although presently weakened in
comparison with their peak strength in the 1985-87 period.

1. Organized Prime
• illegal drugs, a major threat to the national community.
• Of the 42,979 barangays nationwide, about 12 per cent are affected in varying
degrees.
• anti-drug campaign, strategy of reducing drug supply and demand as well
domestic and international cooperation
2. Grave Incidence of Poverty
• breeds and abets rebellion, crime, and dissidence.
• affects about one-third of Filipino families nationwide.
• the distribution of wealth has been skewed in favor of a wealthy minority
3. Understanding the Value of Peace as the Global Campaign for Peace Education
(GCPE)
• culture of peace will be achieved when citizens of the world
(1) understand global problems
(2) have the skills to resolve conflicts and struggle for justice nonviolently live by
the international standards of human dignity and equity, appreciate cultural
diversity respect the earth and each other
Peace

• the absence of physical / direct violence both macro and micro.

• presence of conditions of well-being and relationships in social, economic, political,
and ecological.

Levels of Peace:
1. Personal Peace - self-respect, inner resources of love and hope
2. Interpersonal “” - respect for other persons, justice, tolerance, and cooperation
3. National “” - respect for other groups
4. Global “”- respect for other nations
WAR

• Classical or international if bet. States

• Civil or internal if occurs bet. Rival groups or communities w/in a state
Possible Causes / Effects:

Peace Education

• Transformative Education = learning process in peace education, is holistic and it tries to

address the cognitive, affective, and active dimensions of the learner.
• introduction of relevant new knowledge to cultivate concern appropriate personal and
social action.
• The action towards transformation may include action against prejudice and the war
system, or action for social and economic justice.
• Paying attention to all these levels- the cognitive, affective, and active- increases the
peace perspective or value that is being cultivated would be internalized.
• give us benefits that we seek.
• to build a critical mass of people that will transform the many problems that relate to
peace into nonviolent, humane, and ecological alternatives and solutions.

QUESTIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. It is also known as National Service Training Program Act of 2001
a. RA 7077
b. Rule II Sec 3
 c. RA 9163
d. Sec 4 Rule III
2. They have the advantage to be engaged as uniformed personnel. As a trainee, they will
have cash incentives and military uniform.
a. CWTS
b. ROTC
c. LTS
d. NSTP
3. They can help when there are calamities
a. LTS and ROTC
b. ROTC and CWTS
c. CWTS and LTS
d. NSTP and ROTC
4. Both have the same topics under CWTS and LTS except:
a. Emergency Response and DRR Information and Dissemination
b. Peace Education and Drug Education
c. Good Citizenship Values and Leadership
d. Volunteerism and Community Service Learning and Peace Education
5. It is the respect for other nations, justice, tolerance, and cooperation
a. Global Peace
b. Interpersonal Peace
c. Personal Peace
d. National Peace
6. They are in-charge of teaching numeracy skills
a. CWTS
b. ROTC
c. LTS
d. NSTP
7. Suffrage means?
a. Human rights
b. Equality
c. Rights to vote
d. Right to life
8. War is classical and international if…
a. between states
b. within the states
c. inside the community
d. within rival groups
9. National Flag Day is on
a. June 12
b. May 5
c. July 25
d. May 28
10. The horizontal blue stripe of the flag represents as
a. Patriotism, peace, and fraternity
b. peace, truth, and justice
c. equality and valor
 d. liberty, equality & fraternity

Enumeration
1. Give the 3 components under NSTP
2. Give the overall in-charge of the implementation of NSTP
3. Give at least 5 concerns
4. Enumerate the levels of peace
5. Give at least 5 effects of war