CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Meaning IF clause Main clause Type

IF + present Present
I
Real In present If it rains today I don’t go to the class
condition IF + present Simple future
(or factual
condition) If it rains now I will not go to Nguyet’s house.
Invented If + the simple present Can, might/do +V
forms

If you finish your test you can go home

In Present IF + simple past (2) Would (could)+ base form verb II
I would not go to your house.
If it rained now I could buy a house.
Unreal (it very sunny, I have to go there)
condition If I had enough money
(I don’t have money, but I wish)
IF + past perfect (3) Would (could) Have+ P2 III
§ If I had had a high-tech camera I could have sent you a picture.
(I didn’t have high –tech camera, I
couldn’t sent you a pic)
In the Past I would have been in time
§ If I hadn’t missed the bus
( I missed the bus and I was The last crop might have been
late) better
- if it had rained much
- (2) If I were a Korean citizen, I would not have taken an entry visa
in reality, you are vietnamese citizen. in the US (2)
Invented forms ………………………………… ……………………..
(2, 3, 4) - (3) If I had known it I would take more cash with me
( I didn’ know it, I have no more cash)
.--------------------------------------- ---------------------------
- (4) They would have lent their had she asked.
money

Remarks: neu IF la menh de đứng sau thi băt buộc dung (,)

PRACTICE

I - Complete each sentence as either a 1st conditional or a 2nd conditional sentence with
the verb in brackets.
1. If I _____________ (have) arms five meters long, I _______________ (be able) to
reach the top of that shelf!
2. Don’t worry! You’ve just got a cold. If you _______________ (take) an aspirin, you
________ (feel) better.
3. Vegetarians believe that if nobody ______________ (eat) meat, everyone
______________ (live) longer.
 4. If I _______________(become) a famous rock star, I ______________ (buy) my
parents an enormous house.
5. It says ‘No Parking’. If you _____________(leave) the car here, the police
_______________ (give) you a parking fine.
6. It’s not far. If you ________________(follow) this path, you ________________(come)
to the station.
7. If people ____________(use) bikes instead of cars, there _______________ (not be)
so much pollution.
8. Actually, Brutus is a very friendly dog. If you ___________ (touch) him, he
____________ (not bite) you.
9. If you _______________(leave) your books on the desk, I ______________(give) them
back to you at the end of the lesson.
10. If you _____________(live) on the 100th floor of a skyscraper, your friends
_______________ (not want) to visit you!
11. If you _____________ (fall) in the river, your clothes _______________ (get) wet.
12. If I ___________ (have) a helicopter, I _______________ (fly) to school.
13. I don’t know the answer. If I ____________(know) the answer, I _____________ (tell)
you.
14. You think there is a chance of catching the bus. If we _________ (run), we
_____________ (catch) it!
15. You’re very busy because you have lots of homework. If I ____________ (have) more
free time, I _______________(join) the club.
16. If I __________ (be) you, I _______________ (leave) now.
17. What__________________ (you/do) if you _______________(have) wings?
18. If Rachel ____________ (work) harder, she ________________ (may do) even better
at her studies.
19. If you ______________ (arrive) early, you _______________ (get) a better seat.
20. If we ____________ (have) a calculator, we _______________ (can work) this out a lot
quicker.

II- Complete each sentence as either a 2nd conditional or a 3rd conditional sentence with
the verb in brackets.
1. Why didn’t you phone? If I _____________ (know) you were coming, I
________________ (meet) you at the station.
2. It’s a pity you missed the party. If you ____________ (come), you ________________
(meet) my friends from Hungary.
3. If we ___________ (have) some tools, we _______________ (be able) to repair the
car, but we haven’t got any with us.
4. If you _______________ (not help) me, I ________________ (not pass) the exam.
5. I can’t imagine what I ________________(do) with the money if I ____________ (win)
the lottery.
6. If Claire ______________ (listen) to her mother, she _________________(not marry)
David in the first place.
7. If I __________ (be) you, I _______________ (ask) a lawyer for some advice.
8. If you _____________(plan) things properly, you _________________ (not get) into a
mess.
9. How ___________________(you/feel) if we ______________(offer) you the job of
assistant manager?
10. If you ______________ (invite) me last week, I ________________ (be able to) come.
III- Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible
in meaning to the original sentence

1. I didn’t know that you were in hospital, so I didn’t visit you.

à If _______________________________________
2. Hurry up or you will be late.
à If _______________________________________
3. She is very busy, so she can’t help me now.
à If _______________________________________
4. He didn’t phone me because he didn’t know my phone number.
à If _______________________________________
5. You’re unfit because you don’t take exercise.
à If _______________________________________
6. Unless you are careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.
à If _______________________________________
7. If I have time, I’ll help you.
à Unless _______________________________________
8. I don't ride the bus to school every morning because it's always so crowded.
à If _______________________________________
9. Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson.
à If _______________________________________
10. The wind is blowing hard, so we won't take the boat out for a ride.
à If _______________________________________
11. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying.
à If _______________________________________
12. I feel better now because you talked to me about my problems yesterday.
à If _______________________________________
13. Because I don't have enough free time, I can't help my mother with the housework.
à If _______________________________________
14. Rita is exhausted today because she didn't get any sleep last night.
15. à If _______________________________________
16. He didn't study his lessons very carefully, so he gets bad marks now.
à If _______________________________________
17 Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly.
à If _______________________________________
à If _______________________________________
18. Study harder or you'll fail in the next exam.
à If _______________________________________
19. We did not visit the museum because we had no time.
à If _______________________________________
20. Without Jack's help, I wouldn't have been able to move the table.
à If _______________________________________

IV- Mixed conditional

1. You didn’t plan things at the start, so we are in this mess now.
à If you _______________________________________
2. Mathew didn’t wear a suit to the interview because he isn’t enough sensible.
àIf Mathew_______________________________________
 3. You woke me up in the middle of the night, so I’m so tired now.
à If you_______________________________________
4. I am in the dark now because I didn’t pay my electricity bill last month.
à I _______________________________________
5. She doesn’t love him, so she didn’t get married with him.
à She_______________________________________
6. They are in trouble because they didn’t save any money.
àIf they_______________________________________
7. Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t be successful now.
à If_______________________________________
8. Brenda stole the money, so she is in prison.
àBrenda_______________________________________
9. Kevin can’t do the test well because he didn’t revise his lessons.
àIf Kevin_______________________________________
10. I didn’t go to Ha Long Bay because I have a meeting today.
àI _______________________________________I can’t make a call because I left my
cell phone at home.
àIf I _______________________________________
11. I am having trouble because I didn’t take your advice.
à I _______________________________________

V- Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that
needs correcting in each sentence below:
1. If they have time in the weekend, they will come to see us.
A B C D
2. If we sneak out quietly, nobody notice.
A B C D
3. If we knew about your problem, we would have helped you.
A B C D
4. If I am you, I would not buy that dress.
A B C D
5. We would have arrived earlier if we not missed the bus.
A B C D
6. If Jack's watch hadn't been slow, he wouldn't have been late to the meeting.
A B C D
7. If we have lived in a big city, we could easily get access to the Internet.
A B C D
8. Had I not used my calculator, I would have taken longer
A B C D
1. Tom told his mother that if his car was working he would driven her to the station.
A B C D
2. Was I not in my 70s and rather unfit, I might consider taking up squash.
A B C D
11. She asked what I would have done if I missed my plane.
A B C D
12. If you have any complaints about the products, return it to the shop
A B C D
VI- Choose the letter A, B, C or D on your best answer and complete the blank

1. If I had time, I _____________ shopping with you.

a. A. went B. will go
b. C. would go D. would have gone
2. If you ________ English, you will get along with them perfectly.
a. A. can speak B. had spoken C. speaks D. spoke
3. If they had gone for a walk, they _________ the lights off.
a. A. had turned B. would have turn
b. C. would have turned D. would turn
4. If she ___________ to see us, we will go to the zoo.
a. A. came B. come C. comes D. is coming
5. I would have told you, if I ________ him.
a. A. had meet B. had met C. meet D. met
6. Would you mind if I _________ the window?
a. A. close B. closing C. had closed D. would
close
7. If they _______ me, I wouldn't have said no.
a. A. had invited B. invited C. invite D. would have invited
8. My friend _______ me at the station if he gets the afternoon off.
a. A. meets B. will meet
b. C. would have met D. would meet
9. If I ________ it, nobody would do it.
a. A. did B. didn’t do C. do D. don’t do
10. If my father ________ me up, I'll take the bus home.
a. A. doesn’t pick B. don’t pick C. not pick D. picks
11. If I didn't have a mobile phone, my life _______ complete.
a. A. will be not B. will not be C. would not be D. would not have
been
12. Okay, I ________ the popcorn if you buy the drinks.
a. A. bought B. buy C. will buy D. would buy
13. She _______ out with you if you had only asked her.
a. A. will go B. would go
b. C. would had gone D. would have gone
14. If you had tried your best, you _______ disappointed about the result now.
A. won’t be B. wouldn’t be
c. wouldn’t have D. wouldn’t have been
15. I would not have read your diary if you ______ it in such an obvious place.
a. A. didn’t hide B. hadn’t hid C. hadn’t hidden D. not hid
16. If I had enough money, ___________.
A. I will buy that house B. I’d have bought that house
C. I could buy that house D. I can buy that house
17. ___________ if you take a map.
A. You will get lost B. You won’t get lost
C. You would get lost D. You would have got lost
18. We would save thousands of lives if ________________.
A. we found the remedy for the flu B. we had not found the remedy for the flu
C. we find the remedy for the flu D. we’ll find the remedy for the flu
19. I won’t accept unless ____________.
A. Tom to apologize B. Tom is apologizing
C. Tom apologizes D. When Tom apologizes
20. I’ll help you if __________________.
A. you told me the truth B. you tell me the truth
C. you will tell me the truth D. you have told me the truth
21. I wouldn’t have got wet ____.
A. if I had an umbrella with me. B. if I had had an umbrella with me
C. Unless I had had an umbrella with me D. in case I had an umbrella with me
22. _____________ , he would not have had the accident yesterday.
A. If Peter driven more carefully B. If had Peter driven more carefully
C. Had Peter driven more carefully D. Unless Peter had driven more carefully
23. I didn’t listen to him and I didn’t succeed.
a. If I listened to him, I would have succeed.
b. If I had listened to him, I’d have succeeded.
c. If I had listened to him, I would succeed.
d. If I listened to him, I would succeed.
24. If he doesn’t apologize, I will never invite him here again.
a. Unless he apologizes, then I will never invite him here again.
b. Unless he apologizes, or I will never invite him here again.
c. Unless he doesn’t apologize, I will never invite him here again.
d. Unless he apologizes, I will never invite him here again.
25. I have to work tomorrow morning, so I can’t meet you.
a. If I don’t have to work tomorrow morning, I can meet you.
b. If I didn’t have to work tomorrow morning, I would meet you.
c. I could meet you if I don’t have to work tomorrow morning.
d. I can meet you if I didn’t have to work tomorrow morning.
26. Do your homework first and I’ll let you play the computer games.
a. I won’t allow you to do homework when you play the computer games.
b. Let’s play the computer games without doing your homework.
c. You are allowed to play the computer games without doing your homework.
d. Unless you do homework first, I won’t let you play the computer games.
27. I don’t have enough money with me now; otherwise I would buy that coat.
a. If I didn’t have money with me now, I would buy that coat.
b. If I had money with me now, I would buy that coat.
c. If I had money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that house.
d. If I didn’t have money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that house.
28. You drink too much coffee, that's why you can't sleep.
a. If you drank less coffee, you would be able to sleep.
b. You drink much coffee and you can sleep.
c. You wouldn’t sleep well if you hadn't drink any coffee.
d. You can sleep better without coffee.
29. Susan felt sick because she got caught in the rain.
a. If Susan got caught in the rain, she would felt sick.
b. If Susan hadn't got caught in the rain, she wouldn't have felt sick.
c. If Susan hadn't got caught in the rain, she wouldn't feel sick.
d. Susan got caught in the rain and she still felt sick.
30. He didn't hurry so he missed the plane.
a. If he hurried, he wouldn't miss the plane.
b. B. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane.
c. C. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane.
d. D. He didn't miss the plane because he hurried.
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