DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

LONG QUIZ NO. 9

ROUND 4: Mixing Problem
Note: Please read Section 1.4.1.4, p. 55, of your
Module for a more detailed discussion. Q = Q(t) = 20 + c e t 10 (4)

Problem. At t = 0, Q(0) = Q0.

Q0 = wVw + ce0
Assume that water containing w gpl (grams per liter) of
salt is entering the tank at the rate of r l/min (liters per c = Q0 – wVw = 60 – 0.5(40)
minute). The well stirred mixture inside the tank goes
out at the same rate r. (See Figure 4 of your module.) c = 40.00 Answer
Find:
Then (3) becomes
1. The ODE, the value of R and S, the GS and c.
Q = Q(t) = wVw + 10 ert Vw (5)
2. The limiting value and the amount of salt in the tank
after t1 min. 2. The limiting value and the amount of salt in the tank
after 5 min.
3.. The amount of salt in the tank due to the action of
the flow processes and the portion of the original salt QL = wVw = 0.5(40) QL = 20.00 g
that remains inside the tank at time t2 min.
Q(t1) = wVw + 10 e rt1 Vw Answer
4.. The time when the amount of salt in the tank is ws
gpl and the flow rate that is required if t is not to exceed
t2 min. Q(t1) = 0.5(40) + 10 e(45 40)

5. A. Express (6) in terms of Q(t) and find its value Q(t1) = 44.26 g Answer
using t = t3. All other data remains the same.
B. Express (7) in terms of w and find its value using 3. The amount of salt in the tank due to the action of
t = t3. All other data remains the same. the flow processes and the portion of the original salt
that remains inside the tank at time t = 5 min.
Answers Format:
Qf = wVw (1 – ert Vw )
LQ-9; Round 4
My Answers
1. ___ / ___ / ___ Values of R, S and c.
= 0.5(40)(1 – e 5 10 )
2. ___ / ___ Value of QL and Q(t1)
3. ___ / ___ Value of Qf and Qp Qf = 7.87 l/min Answer
4. ___ / ___ Value of t and r
5. ___ , ___ / ___, ___ Letter of the correct answer Qp = Q0 ert Vw = 60 e 5 10
and value of Q(t) and v.

Data: Qp = 36.39 l/min Answer

r w t1 t2 t3 Vw Q0 ws
4. The time when the amount of salt in the tank is 10
4 0.5 5 10 15 40 30 1 grams and the flow rate that is required if t  5 min
Solution:
V  Q  w sV w 
t = w ln  0 
 (6)
1. Solve for ODE, the value of R and S, the GS and c. r  Q (t )  w s V w 

dQ 40  60  1.0  40 
ODE: +RQ=S (1) t= ln  
dt 4  44.26  1.0  40 
r 4
where: R= = R = 0.10 Answer
Vw 40 t = 15.46 min Answer
S = rw = 4(0.5) S = 2.00 Answer The flow rate that is required if t  5 min.

and the ODE becomes: V  Q  w sV w 

r = w ln  0 
 (7)
dQ
t  Q (t )  w s V w 
+ 0.4Q = 2 (2)
dt 40  60  1.0  40 
r= ln  
20  44.26  1.0  40 
GS: Q = Q(t) = wVw + c ert Vw (3)

r = 4.00 l/min Answer

Substituting Data values, (3) becomes

Q = Q(t) = (0.5)(40) + c e 4t 40

 5. Example: Express (6) in terms of Q0 and find its  Q  40   Q  40 
15 =10 ln  0   ln  0  = 1.5
value using w = ws and t = t3. All other data remains the  8.93   8.93 
same. (Note: You are given two separate qoestions for
this Item).  Q  40  Q  40
ln  0  = ln 0
Solution: Decomposing (6)   12.07   12.07

V  Q  wVw   Q  wVw  tr  Q  40   Q0  40 
t = w ln  0   ln  0  = = ln   0  = ln  
r  Q(t )  wVw   Q(t )  wVw  Vw  12 .07   12.07 
 Q0  wVw  tr  Q  40 
  ln 0  Q0  40
 Q(t )  wV 
ln e w  = e Vw e  12.07  = e1.5  = 4.4817
8.93
ln A
But: e =A Q0  40 = 4.4817(8.93) = 40
tr
Q0  wVw Vw Q0 = 40 + 40 = 80.00 g/cl Answer
= e
Q(t )  wVw

tr
ANSWER CHOICES FOR Item 5A.
Q0  wVw = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw 
Q0  wwVw
tr a. Q (t ) = + wsV w
e rt3 Vw
Q0  wVw = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw 
Q0  wwVw
tr b. Q (t ) = – wsV w
e rt3 Vw
Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  + wVw Answer
Q0  wwVw
Choices:
c. Q (t ) = – wsV w
e rt3 Vw
tr

a. Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  + wVw Q  wwVw
d. Q (t ) =  0 – wsV w
tr e rt3 Vw
b. Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  – wVw Q0  wwVw
tr e. Q (t ) = – wsV w
e rt3 Vw
c. Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  + wVw Answer
tr wwVw  Q0
 f. Q (t ) = + wsV w
d. Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  – wVw e rt3 Vw


tr Q  wwVw
g. Q (t ) =  0
e. Q0 = e Vw
Q(t )  wVw  + wVw
e rt3 Vw
+ wsV w

Evaluating Q(t3) and Q0 using ws = 1.0 and t3 = 15. Q0  wwVw

h. Q (t ) =  – wsV w
e rt 3 V w
Q(t3) = wsVw + c e rt3 Vw
wwVw  Q0
i. Q (t ) =  + wsV w
Q(t3) = 1.0(40) + 40 e (415 40) e rt 3 V w

j. NOTA
Q(t3) = 48.93 g/cl Answer
t3 r ANSWER CHOICES FOR Item5B.
Q0 = e Vw
Q(t 3 )  wsV w  + wsV w
Q(t )e rt V w  Q0 Q0  Q(t )e rt V w
a. w = f. w =
154 e rt V w  1 e rt V w  1
Q0 = e 40 28.93  1.0  40  + 1.0(40)
Q(t )e rt V w  Q0 Q0  Q(t )e rt V w
b. w = g. w =
Q0 = 80.00 g/cl Answer e rt V w  2 e rt V w  1

Q(t )e rt V w  Q0 Q0  Q(t )e rt Vw
c. w = h. w =
Check: By Direct Substitution in (6) e rt V w  1 2  e rt Vw

V  Q  w sV w  Q(t )e rt V w  Q0 Q0  Q(t )e rt V w
t = w ln  0 
 d. w =  i. w =
r  Q (t )  w s V w  2e rt V w  1 1  2e rt V w

40  Q0  (1.0)( 40 )  Q (t )e rt Vw  Q0
15 = ln   e. w = j. NOTA
4  48 .93  (1.0)( 40 )  e rt Vw  1