Spec 2017-02 A01

DEP SPECIFICATION
EXTERNAL FIELD JOINT AND REHABILITATION COATING

SYSTEMS FOR LINE PIPE
(AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 21809-3:2008)
Copyright Shell Group of Companies. No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Shell. Not for resale
DEP 31.40.30.37-Gen.
February 2017
ECCN EAR99
DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE
© 2017 Shell Group of companies
All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, published or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior
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This document contains information that is classified as EAR99 and, as a consequence, can neither be exported nor re-exported to any country which is under an
embargo of the U.S. government pursuant to Part 746 of the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F R. Part 746) nor can be made available to any national of such
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Administration Regulations (15 C.F R. Part 744).
This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

Galfar Engineering and Contracting SAOG anilms@galfar.com 21/09/2021 13:43:21
ECCN EAR99 DEP 31.40.30.37-Gen.
February 2017
Page 2
PREFACE
DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time of publication, of Shell Global Solutions
International B.V. (Shell GSI) and, in some cases, of other Shell Companies.
These views are based on the experience acquired during involvement with the design, construction, operation and
maintenance of processing units and facilities. Where deemed appropriate DEPs are based on, or reference international,
regional, national and industry standards.
The objective is to set the standard for good design and engineering practice to be applied by Shell companies in oil and
gas production, oil refining, gas handling, gasification, chemical processing, or any other such facility, and thereby to help
achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from standardization.
The information set forth in these publications is provided to Shell companies for their consideration and decision to
implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each
locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be sufficiently flexible to allow individual Operating Units to adapt the
information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements.
When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs, they shall be solely responsible for such use, including the
quality of their work and the attainment of the required design and engineering standards. In particular, for those
requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will typically expect them to follow those design and engineering
practices that will achieve at least the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or
Manufacturer/Supplier shall, without detracting from his own responsibility, consult the Principal.
The right to obtain and to use DEPs is restricted, and is typically granted by Shell GSI (and in some cases by other Shell
Companies) under a Service Agreement or a License Agreement. This right is granted primarily to Shell companies and
other companies receiving technical advice and services from Shell GSI or another Shell Company. Consequently, three
categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished:
1) Operating Units having a Service Agreement with Shell GSI or another Shell Company. The use of DEPs by these
Operating Units is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of the relevant Service Agreement.
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which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied or - generally - work performed on behalf of the said
users comply with the relevant standards.
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All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in Shell GSI.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 6
1.1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS ......... 7
1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 7
1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 9
1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES............................................................................... 9
1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP ..................................................................................... 10
1.7 DUAL UNITS............................................................................................................. 10
1.8 NON NORMATIVE TEXT (COMMENTARY) ............................................................ 10
1.9 DOCUMENT HIERARCHY ....................................................................................... 10
PART II GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 11
1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 11
1.1 FIELD JOINT COATING QUALIFICATION .............................................................. 11
1.2 SAFETY .................................................................................................................... 12
1.5 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 12
2 COATING SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... 12
PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 21809-3:2008 ...................................... 13
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ..................................................................................... 13
4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS .............................................................. 13
6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER ................................... 13
6.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ...................................................................................... 13
6.3 INFORMATION TO BE SUBMITTED BY THE CONTRACTOR .............................. 14
6.4 DOCUMENTATION .................................................................................................. 18
7 APPLICATION PROCEDURES AND QUALIFICATION ......................................... 20
7.3 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION TRIAL (PQT) ........................................................ 20
7.4 PRE-PRODUCTION TRIAL (PPT) ........................................................................... 22
7.5 QUALIFICATION OF COATING AND INSPECTION PERSONNEL ........................ 22
7.6 PRODUCTION TESTING AND INSPECTION ......................................................... 22
8 CLASSIFICATION OF FIELD JOINT COATINGS .................................................. 23
8.1 COATING TYPES ..................................................................................................... 23
8.2 TEMPERATURE ....................................................................................................... 25
8.3 PIPE COATING COMPATIBILITY ............................................................................ 25
8.4 PIPELINE DIAMETER .............................................................................................. 25
9 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE PREPARATION, COATING
APPLICATION, TESTING AND REPAIR ................................................................ 26
9.1 FIELD JOINT COATING INSTALLATION ................................................................ 26
9.2 QUALITY CONTROL DURING FIELD APPLICATION ............................................ 27
10 BITUMINOUS, PETROLATUM, WAX AND POLYMERIC TAPES ......................... 33
11 HEAT-SHRINKABLE COATINGS ........................................................................... 33
11.1 COATING IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................... 33
11.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS ....................................................................... 33
11.5 TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS ................................................................ 33
11.6 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 36
12 FUSION-BONDED EPOXY (FBE) POWDER COATINGS ...................................... 37
12.4 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS ........................................................................ 37
13 LIQUID COATINGS .................................................................................................. 41

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14 POLYOLEFIN-BASED COATINGS ......................................................................... 45
14.6 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 49
15 THERMAL SPRAY ALUMINIUM (TSA) COATINGS .............................................. 49
16 HOT-APPLIED MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX COATINGS...................................... 50
17 ELASTOMERIC COATINGS .................................................................................... 50
18 VISCO-ELASTIC SELF-HEALING COATING SYSTEMS ...................................... 51
ANNEXES
ANNEX B (NORMATIVE) INSPECTION OF THICKNESS ....................................................... 57
B.2 EQUIPMENT............................................................................................................. 57
ANNEX C (NORMATIVE) ADHESION TEST – RESISTANCE TO REMOVAL ....................... 58
C.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 58
ANNEX D (NORMATIVE) PEEL-STRENGTH TEST ................................................................ 59
D.1 MEASUREMENT OF THE PEEL STRENGTH WITH A TENSILE TESTING
MACHINE ................................................................................................................. 59
D.2 MEASUREMENT OF THE PEEL STRENGTH WITH A SPRING BALANCE .......... 59
ANNEX O (NORMATIVE) TEST PROGRAMMES FOR PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION
TRIALS, PRE-PRODUCTION TRIALS OR PRODUCTION TESTING ................... 60
ANNEX P FLEXIBILITY TESTING ............................................................................................ 61
ANNEX Q DEEPWATER OFFSHORE FJC SYSTEM SELECTION GUIDELINE.................... 63
Q.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 63
Q.2 FUSION-BONDED EPOXY COATED PIPE ............................................................. 64
Q.3 THREE LAYER POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE COATED PIPE ........ 65
Q.4 CONCRETE WEIGHT COATED PIPE ..................................................................... 65
Q.5 POLYCHOROPRENE RUBBER COATED PIPE ..................................................... 66
Q.6 POLYPROPYLENE INSULATION COATED PIPE .................................................. 66
Q.7 POLYURETHANE INSULATION COATED PIPE .................................................... 66
Q.8 PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES ...................................................................................... 66
Q.9 COATING CUTBACKS ............................................................................................. 67
ANNEX R PERMANENT HIGH-DENSITY MOULD SLEEVE, THREE-LAYER
POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE COATING FOR OFFSHORE
APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 68
R.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 68
R.2 SURFACE PREPARATION ...................................................................................... 68
R.3 HEATING .................................................................................................................. 68
R.4 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 68
R.5 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 68
R.6 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 68
ANNEX S CONCRETE WEIGHT COATING ............................................................................. 69
S.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 69
S.2 COATING APPLICATION AND INSPECTION ......................................................... 69
S.3 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 69
S.4 PQT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 70
ANNEX T POLYCHLOROPRENE RUBBER FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS .................. 71
T.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 71
T.2 SURFACE PREPARATION ...................................................................................... 71

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T.4 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 71

T.5 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 72
T.6 PQT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 72
ANNEX U POLYPROPYLENE/POLYETHYLENE INJECTION MOULDED FIELD
JOINTS FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS ........................................................... 73
U.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 73
U.2 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 73
U.3 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 73
U.4 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 74
U.5 PQT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 75
ANNEX V INJECTION MOULDED POLYURETHANE FIELD JOINTS FOR OFFSHORE
APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 76
V.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 76
V.2 SURFACE PREPARATION ...................................................................................... 76
V.3 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 76
V.4 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 76
V.5 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 77
V.6 PQT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 78
ANNEX W HALF-SHELL INSULATION FIELD JOINTS FOR OFFSHORE
APPLICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 79
W.1 MATERIALS .............................................................................................................. 79
W.3 SURFACE PREPARATION ...................................................................................... 79
W.4 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 79
W.5 REPAIRS .................................................................................................................. 79
W.6 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................. 80
W.7 PQT REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 80
ANNEX X OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES ................................................................ 81
ANNEX Y ELECTRICALLY HEATED OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES .................... 82
ANNEX Z OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE CASING TO BULK HEAD JOINT CASING ................ 83
ANNEX AA DRAWINGS .............................................................................................................. 84
AA.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 84
AA.2 THREE LAYER POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE COATINGS FOR
ABRASION RESISTANCE ....................................................................................... 85
AA.3 CONCRETE WEIGHT COATING FIELD JOINT ...................................................... 87
AA.4 INSULATION IN-FILL OR INJECTION MOULDED FIELD JOINT ........................... 87
AA.5 NOTES TO FIGURE 12C ......................................................................................... 92
PART IV REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 95

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PART I INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE
This DEP specifies requirements and gives recommendations for field-applied coating
systems used for:
• external field joints during the construction of buried or submerged pipelines;
• repair (rehabilitation) to damaged and deteriorated coatings for buried or
submerged pipelines.
It specifies the requirements for coating materials, coating application, inspection and
testing and gives procedures for the qualification of coating materials and coating
applicators.
The DEP is applicable to the following generic types of field joint coating systems:
a. Liquid epoxy;
b. Liquid polyurethane;
c. Heat shrink sleeves;
d. Polyethylene;
e. Polypropylene;
f. Fusion bonded epoxy;
g. Visco-elastic self-healing wrapping;
h. Thermally sprayed aluminium;
i. Permanent high density mould sleeve for three layer polyethylene and
polypropylene;
j. Concrete weight coating;
k. Polychloroprene rubber;
l. Polypropylene/ polyethylene injection moulded field joint;
m. Injection moulded polyurethane insulation;
n. Half shell insulated field joints;
o. Pipe in pipe flowlines;
p. Electrically heated pipe in pipe flowlines;
q. Pipe in pipe casing to bulk head joint casing.
Coal tar enamel and pre-preg fibre reinforced polymers (e.g., UV cured) field joint coating
systems are not covered (see Part II, 2).
Field joint coatings for elastomeric riser coatings are covered by the riser coating
DEP 31.40.30.36-Gen.
Field joint coatings of thermally sprayed aluminium (TSA) are covered by DEP 30.48.40.31-
Gen.
This DEP is based on ISO 21809-3:2008. Part III of this DEP amends, supplements and
deletes various clauses of ISO 21809-3:2008. Part III follows the clause numbering of
ISO 21809-3:2008 for easy reference.
All clauses of ISO 21809-3:2008 not modified by this DEP remain valid as written.
This is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2013; see (1.5) regarding
the changes.

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1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

Unless otherwise authorised by Shell GSI, the distribution of this DEP is confined to Shell
companies and, where necessary, to Contractors and Manufacturer/Supplier’s nominated
by them. Any authorised access to DEPs does not for that reason constitute an
authorisation to any documents, data or information to which the DEPs may refer
This DEP is intended for use in facilities related to oil and gas production, oil refining,
chemical processing, gasification and distribution. This DEP may also be applied in other
similar facilities.
When DEPs are applied, a Management of Change (MOC) process shall be implemented;
this is of particular importance when existing facilities are to be modified.
If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements could be more
stringent than in this DEP, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny which of the
requirements are the more stringent and which combination of requirements will be
acceptable with regard to the safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all
cases the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements of
this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local
regulations. The Principal may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned, the objective
being to obtain agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.3.1 General definitions
The Contractor is the party that carries out all or part of the design, engineering,
procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a project or operation of a
facility. The Principal may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party that manufactures or supplies equipment and
services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
The Principal is the party that initiates the project and ultimately pays for it. The Principal
may also include an agent or consultant authorised to act for, and on behalf of, the
Principal.
The word shall indicates a requirement.
The word should indicates a recommendation.
The word may indicates a permitted option.
1.3.2 Specific definitions
Term Definition
Adhesive Intermediate coating layer that improves adhesion between the primer
and the coating (three layer system) or between the steel and the
coating (two layer system).
Applicator Party that applies the coating to the field joint in the field.
Batch Amount of materials produced within one uninterrupted production run

of maximum 8 h under constant production conditions.
Chemical Pre- Treatment of the blast cleaned pipe surface with a chemical solution
Treatment before application of the primer or adhesive to improve adhesion of the
first coating layer (phosphate, chromate).
Field Joint Part of the pipeline where pipes have been welded together and where,
as a consequence, there is a discontinuity in the pipe coating.

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Term Definition
General Qualification of a product as a generic field joint coating system.

Qualification
Holiday A defect penetrating through the coating to the steel pipe surface, of
such dimensions that it is detectable by means of the specified
procedures.
Inspector Party appointed by the Principal to witness the Applicator's quality

control of coating materials and the coating process.
Maximum Temperature that is specified by the Principal as the maximum design

Design temperature of the pipeline.
Temperature
Primer Coating layer applied directly onto the bare or pre-treated steel surface
to improve the adhesion of the final coating to the pipe surface.
Shift A production run of which the beginning and end coincide with a change
in personnel. In the context of the quality control procedures of this
DEP, the maximum duration of a shift is 10 h.
Specific Qualification of a product for application for the specified project.

Project
Qualification
Three layer A pipe coating system consisting of three layers: primer, adhesive and
system outer layer.
1.3.3 Abbreviations
Term Definition
CWC Concrete weight coating
DN Diameter Nominal (mm)
FBE Fusion Bonded Epoxy
FJC Field joint coating
FSPE Flame spray polyethylene
HD High density
HDPE High Density Polyethylene
HSS Heat shrink sleeves
IMPE Injection moulded polyethylene
IMPU Injection moulded polyurethane
ITP Inspection Test Plan
LE Liquid epoxy

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Term Definition
OIT Oxygen Induced Time
PE Polyethylene
PP Polypropylene
PQT Pre-Qualification Trial
PU Polyurethane
PUF Polyurethane foam
SCR Steel Catenary Riser
TLPE Three Layer Polyethylene
TLPP Three layer polypropylene
TSA Thermally Sprayed Aluminium
UV Ultraviolet light
VIV Vortex Induced Vibration
1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES
Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section
number is shown in brackets ( ). Other documents referenced in this DEP are listed in
(Part IV).
1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES

This DEP is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2013 which was a
stand-alone document. The following are the main, non-editorial changes.
Section/Clause Change
All Restructured and clarified requirements, enforced use of shall /
should / may for normative statements.

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1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP

Comments on this DEP may be submitted to the Administrator using one of the following
options:
Shell DEPs Online Enter the Shell DEPs Online system at

https://www.shelldeps.com
(Users with access to
Select a DEP and then go to the details screen for
Shell DEPs Online)
that DEP.
Click on the “Give feedback” link, fill in the online
form and submit.
DEP Feedback System Enter comments directly in the DEP Feedback

System which is accessible from the Technical
(Users with access to
Standards Portal http://sww.shell.com/standards.
Shell Wide Web)
Select “Submit DEP Feedback”, fill in the online form
and submit.
DEP Standard Form Use DEP Standard Form 00.00.05.80-Gen. to record

feedback and email the form to the Administrator at
(other users)
standards@shell.com.
Feedback that has been registered in the DEP Feedback System by using one of the above
options will be reviewed by the DEP Custodian for potential improvements to the DEP.
1.7 DUAL UNITS

This DEP contains both the International System (SI) units, as well as the corresponding
US Customary (USC) units, which are given following the SI units in brackets. When
agreed by the Principal, the indicated USC values/units may be used.
1.8 NON NORMATIVE TEXT (COMMENTARY)

Text shown in italic style in this DEP indicates text that is non-normative and is provided as
explanation or background information only.
Non-normative text is normally indented slightly to the right of the relevant DEP clause.
1.9 DOCUMENT HIERARCHY

In the event of conflicts between contract documents, AFC drawings, specifications and
other referenced standards, the following document hierarchy shall apply:
a. contract or agreement (including any approved exceptions);
b. AFC drawings – latest revisions;
c. principal’s specifications (including project specific information);
d. industry Standards (e.g., ISO, NACE).

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PART II GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1 GENERAL
1. Part III of this DEP is written as amendments and supplements to ISO 21809-3:2008.
a. Wherever reference is made to ISO 21809-3, it shall be understood to mean
ISO 21809-3:2008 as amended/supplemented by this DEP.
b. Clauses in ISO 21809-3, which are not mentioned in this DEP, shall remain valid
as written.
For ease of reference, the clause numbering of ISO 21809-3 has been used throughout
Part III of this DEP.
1.1 FIELD JOINT COATING QUALIFICATION

This DEP is used for general qualification of external field joint systems and products,
and to define the requirements for qualification, application and testing of external field
joint systems for specific projects including rehabilitation or repairs of existing
pipelines/equipment coating systems.
General field joint coating qualification is performed for the purpose of overall
qualification of field joint coating systems and Applicators, but is not necessarily related
to a specific project. With this process, a list of qualified coating systems and Applicators
is developed, from which the Principal may select a field joint coating system and
Applicator for a specific project.
1. The general qualification may be given independent of line pipe diameter and wall
thickness.
2. When qualification is required for a specific project, additional testing should be
performed on the specific line pipe diameters and wall thicknesses during the
Applicator qualification, see (7.3.1).
3. The approval of the field joint coating system shall be in accordance with the Principal.
The coating type is to be appropriate for the environment in which the pipeline will
operate.
This DEP provides the flexibility to specify an appropriate field joint coating that will
provide fit-for-purpose service in a wide range of environments.
4. The maximum temperature rating of the applied coating shall be greater than the
maximum design operating temperature for the pipeline being coated.
a. The temperature rating of the coating designated in the Manufacturer/Supplier’s
product data sheet shall be provided to the Principal.
b. The suitability of a coating system for a particular temperature class shall be
demonstrated by performing the qualification tests at the relevant test
temperature given in this DEP.
i. Additional testing may be required at temperatures specified by the
Principal.
This DEP does not identify maximum temperature limits for generic coating systems
because there are a large variety of available grades of systems and components.
The maximum allowable temperature for a coating system is determined by the
system’s components.

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1.2 SAFETY
Application of coatings can include the use of hazardous materials, operations and
equipment. This DEP does not purport to address all the potential safety concerns
associated with their use. It is the responsibility of the Applicator to establish appropriate
safety and health requirements and determine any regulatory requirements or limitations
prior to use.
1. The safe practices recommended by Manufacturer/Supplier standards shall be
followed including management of waste material, protective equipment.
a. Protective equipment requirements in the Manufacturer/Supplier’s Material Safety
Data Sheet(s) shall be followed.
2. Coating work pieces shall be electrically grounded (earthed) as required to eliminate
static charges associated with surface preparation and coating operations.
1.5 MATERIALS
1. The Applicator shall obtain from the Manufacturer/Supplier copies of their most recent
technical data sheets describing the product, its general performance, and application
requirements.
2. The Applicator shall obtain from the Manufacturer/Supplier certification for each batch
or lot of material to be used that includes basic physical properties of the coating
materials.
3. All coating materials shall be furnished in unopened, clearly identified containers that
include details of the material, batch number, and date of manufacture.
4. Coating materials handling, including storage, shall be as recommended by the
Manufacturer/Supplier.
a. Material shall not be used after its expiration date.
b. Contaminated material and material showing any sign of degradation shall not be
used.
5. All materials shall be approved by the Principal.
2 COATING SYSTEMS
Cold-applied tapes may be used if they fulfil the requirements specified for heat shrink
sleeves (11).
1. Coal tar enamel and pre-preg fibre reinforced polymers (e.g., UV cured) field joint
coating systems shall not be used.

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PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 21809-3:2008
3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Add at the beginning of this section:
1. Definitions in (I-1.3) of this DEP shall also apply.
4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS

Add at the beginning of this section:
1. Abbreviations in (I-1.3) of this DEP shall also apply
6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER
6.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

Add the following bullets:
• project name;
• line pipe coating cut back length;
• end preparation and bevel angle of line pipe coating;
• type and thickness of the line pipe coating;
• minimum and maximum operating temperature of the pipeline;
• description of steel pipe;
• the geographical area (land/subsea);
• expected ambient temperature range during installation;
• installation method;
• soil and backfill conditions for land pipelines;
• seabed trenching, laying and burial conditions for subsea pipelines;
• subsequent coatings to be applied (e.g., weight coating, insulation);
• requirements for anti-slip treatment;
• type of cathodic protection system.

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Add the following new section:
6.3 INFORMATION TO BE SUBMITTED BY THE CONTRACTOR

1. The Contractor shall submit the information referenced (6.3.1) thru (6.3.4) to the
Principal on the field joint coating system to be used.
6.3.1 Coating system identification
1. The following data shall be submitted on coating system identification:
a. system designation or trade name;
b. name of coating Manufacturer/Supplier (s);
c. generic type of system;
d. coating application process;
e. system structure (e.g., 2-layer or 3-layer);
f. structure components (primer, adhesive, outer layer) ;
g. service temperature range;
h. total nominal coating thickness;
i. compatibility to line pipe coating system;
j. suitability for immersed services;
k. relevant international/national coating standard approvals.
6.3.2 Manufacturer/Supplier's data
6.3.2.1 Liquid epoxy and polyurethane
1. The following data shall be submitted on the liquid epoxy or polyurethane components:
a. trade name;
b. type of base (epoxy resin) and extender modification and type of curing agent (for
liquid epoxy);
c. type of polyol and isocyanate (for polyurethane);
d. colour;
e. solids by weight and volume;
2 2
f. theoretical coverage per m (ft ) for nominal thickness;
g. storage conditions and shelf life;
h. application procedures, pot life, overcoating time.
6.3.2.2 Heat shrink sleeve
1. The shrink sleeve Manufacturer/Supplier shall submit technical data on the system
and system components for information of the Principal.

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6.3.2.2.1 Primer
1. The following data shall be submitted on the primer:
a. the generic type of primer;
b. for liquid primers the solids content, the type of solvent and the density;
c. the method of application (e.g., brush, roller, spray);
d. required storage conditions, shelf life;
e. the nominal dry-film-thickness or spreading rate;
f. application procedures, temperature, pot life, overcoating times for various
ambient temperatures (10 °C to 50 °C (50 °F to 122 °F));
g. health and safety data sheets.
6.3.2.2.2 Adhesive
1. The following data shall be submitted on the shrink sleeve adhesive:
a. generic type of adhesive;
b. nominal thickness of the adhesive;
c. softening point of the adhesive.
6.3.2.2.3 Shrink sleeve material
1. The following data shall be submitted on the outer sheath material:
a. generic type of sheath material;
b. nominal thickness of the sheath;
c. mechanical properties of the sheath film (tensile strength, elongation);
d. storage conditions, shelf life;
e. shape of delivered product (tubular, wrap or tape);
f. for wrappings, the type of closure;
g. colour.
6.3.2.3 Polyethylene and polypropylene
6.3.2.3.1 Primer
1. The following data shall be submitted on the primer:
a. the generic type of primer;
b. for liquid primers the solids content, the type of solvent and the density;
c. for powder epoxy primers the density, curing and gel time, particle size, moisture
content, thermal analysis, recommended film thickness, colour;
d. typical film properties (flexibility, cathodic disbonding resistance);
e. the method of application (brush, roller, spray, electrostatic spray);
f. storage conditions and shelf life;
g. the nominal dry film thickness or spreading rate;
h. application procedures, temperature, pot life, overcoating times;
i. HSE datasheets.

February 2017
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6.3.2.3.2 Adhesive
1. The following data shall be submitted on the adhesive:
a. the generic type of adhesive;
b. the method of application (e.g., powder spray);
c. the nominal thickness;
d. storage conditions and shelf life.
6.3.2.3.3 Coating material
1. The following data shall be submitted on the polyethylene or polypropylene outer layer
material:
a. generic type of material (e.g., high/medium/low density PE/PP);
b. delivered product (e.g., sheet, powder, granules, liquid);
c. storage conditions, shelf life;
d. colour;
e. nominal thickness of the outer layer;
f. mechanical properties of the outer layer film (tensile strength, elongation);
g. data on resistance to bio-degradation.

February 2017
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6.3.2.4 Fusion bonded epoxy

1. The following basic properties of the epoxy powder resin are requested:
a. infrared scan;
i. an infrared spectrogram, carried out by means of a standard KBr disc, shall
be submitted for comparison with all subsequent batches produced.
b. particle size analysis;
i. the particle size distribution analysis shall be carried out in accordance with
ISO 8130-1;
ii. the coating Contractor shall confirm that the particle size is suitable for the
electrostatic spraying equipment used by the proposed Applicator.
c. density;
i. the density of the powder shall be measured in accordance with ISO 8130-2
or ISO 8130-3.
d. curing schedule and gel time;
i. a curing schedule shall show the gel time and minimum curing time required
for full curing of the coating at various recommended application
temperatures.
ii. the gel time shall be determined in accordance with ISO 8130-6.
e. moisture content;
i. the moisture content of the powder shall be determined by means of
ISO 8130-7 and shall not exceed 0.5 % by mass.
f. storage stability;
i. the storage stability of the epoxy powder shall be determined in accordance
with ISO 8130-8.
g. thermal analysis;
i. a thermal analysis shall be made by means of differential scanning
calorimetry to determine the glass transition temperatures and the enthalpy
of curing of the powder.
6.3.2.5 Visco-elastic self-healing coating system
6.3.2.5.1 Visco-elastic self-healing wrapping
a. colour;
b. minimum coating thickness;
c. generic type of polymeric film with typical properties;
d. generic type of reinforcement material with typical properties;
e. generic type of adhesive with typical properties;
f. mechanical properties (e.g., elongation, tensile strength);
g. storage conditions.

February 2017
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6.3.2.5.2 Mechanical outer wrap

a. colour;
b. minimum coating thickness;
c. generic type of polymeric film with typical properties;
d. generic type of reinforcement material with typical properties;
e. generic type of adhesive with typical properties;
f. mechanical properties (e.g., elongation, tensile strength);
g. storage conditions.
6.3.3 Coating system qualification information
1. Qualification a field joint coating system shall be carried out according to the following
procedures:
a. the Contractor or the coating Manufacturer/Supplier shall show that samples of
the coating system applied on pipe joints of the specified pipe material have been
successfully subjected to the tests and number of pipe joints as specified in
Table B;
b. the tests shall be carried out by an independent test laboratory or, if approved by
the Principal, by the coating Manufacturer/Supplier;
c. the Principal shall witness the application and the tests.
If agreed by the Principal,
• previous qualification data developed in accordance with the requirements
of this DEP can be used provided that the tests were performed using the same
field joint coating system and the same specified coating application process.
• qualification tests carried out in accordance with other coating standards
can be used insofar as the procedures are equal or more stringent than the
procedures in this DEP.
2. Qualification test information shall include full reports on test procedures and results
that are signed by the laboratory representatives and certification body.
6.4 DOCUMENTATION
6.4.1 Qualification records
1. The Contractor shall keep accurate records of the following information concerning the
field joint coating qualification process:
a. copies of pre-qualification information;
b. records of all samples;
c. records of all qualification tests carried out including test equipment data, test
conditions and identification of samples used;
d. records of all test results;
e. names of persons who carried out and/or witnessed the tests.
2. All information shall be compiled into a test report that shall be approved and signed
by the responsible person of the test laboratory and by the Inspector.

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6.4.2 Field records

1. During field application of the coating system, the Contractor shall keep accurate
records of the following information related to the coating application:
a. copies of, or reference to, all procedures for the application of the coating;
b. copies of, or reference to, the field joint coating qualification report;
c. results of qualification tests for field joint coating Application workers including
names and dates of qualification; number of application workers required for each
applicable pipe diameter;
d. identification of the pipe joints where coatings have been applied, by reference to
the joint numbers in the pipeline construction record book;
e. batch numbers of all coating components that have been applied, date/time of
application and the name of the Application workers;
f. results of all quality control testing;
g. identification of field joint coatings that have been subjected to peel strength tests
and destructive testing, with date/time of the test and all test results;
h. records of any process changes needed to comply with the specifications;
i. names and signatures of the responsible persons for the application process and
quality control.
2. This information (6.4.2 Item 1) should be included in the Applicator’s ITP.
3. All results shall be compiled into a report in a format agreed between the Contractor
and the Principal.
4. Reports shall be made available on a daily basis for work performed the previous day.

February 2017
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7 APPLICATION PROCEDURES AND QUALIFICATION
7.3 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION TRIAL (PQT)

Replace this section with the following:
1. The Contractor or the coating Manufacturer/Supplier shall submit all data
specified in (7.3.1.2) and (7.3.1.3).
a. The Contractor or the coating Manufacturer/Supplier shall show that
samples of the coating system applied on pipe joints of the specified pipe
material have been successfully subjected to the tests as specified in this
DEP.
i. The tests shall be carried out by an independent test laboratory or, if
approved by the Principal, by the coating Manufacturer/Supplier.
ii. Qualification test information shall include full reports on test
procedures and results and is to be signed by the laboratory
representatives and certification body.
If agreed by the Principal, previous qualification data developed in
accordance with the requirements of this DEP can be used provided that
the tests were performed using the same field joint coating system and
the same coating application process as specified in the contract.
With the approval of the Principal, qualification tests carried out in
accordance with other coating standards may be used in, so far as the
procedures are equal or more stringent than the procedures in this DEP.
b. The Principal shall witness the application and the tests.
c. The number of pipe joints to be tested and the test procedures are given in
Table B.
2. The Contractor shall prepare a detailed procedure for all types of required field
joint coatings for approval by the Principal
a. All inspections and measurements made during field joint application and
any procedure qualifications shall be documented and provided to the
Principal.
3. The application shall be carried out using the Contractors field joint coating
procedure for the project.
a. The Contractor shall prepare a painting/coating procedure for approval to
ensure compliance with the requirements in this DEP.

February 2017
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4. There shall be a PQT of all field joint coatings.

a. The PQT shall include details of equipment, materials, operator
requirements, surface preparation, application techniques, repairs, and
testing.
b. The PQT should include handling of waste materials and disposal methods.
c. The PQT shall use the same equipment and materials that will be used at
the fabrication yard or on the offshore installation vessel.
i. Test pipe shall be coated with an approved mill applied coating,
identical to that which will be used during actual field joint execution.
ii. If long field joints are used for J-Lay installation, multiple barriers to
water ingress shall be used.
iii. The corrosion coating shall be holiday free,
iv. The application method shall ensure bonding between all components,
v. The mould for injection moulding shall be permanent and thermo-
plastically welded to the parent coating (for PE/PP).
5. The coating procedure shall include details of actions to maximize the bonding
when PU is used with a PE/PP parent coating.
7.3.1 Applicator qualification
7.3.1.1 General
1. Before application of a field joint coating system may commence, the Applicator shall
be qualified to apply the coating system.
7.3.1.2 Field joint coating application procedure
1. The Contractor shall submit to the Principal information the required coating
application process and recommended applicators.
2. Prior to start of production and any qualification testing, the Contractor shall prepare a
detailed application procedure specification including the following:
a. quality plan;
b. Inspection and Test Plan (ITP);
c. description of the coating application process, tools and equipment;
d. pipe cleaning and surface preparation (cleanliness, profile, chemical pre-
treatment);
e. required surface and material application temperatures;
f. recommended applicators;
g. repair and testing procedures;
h. marking, traceability and documentation.

February 2017
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7.3.1.3 Qualification
1. After approval of the coating application procedure and before field application starts,
the Applicator shall submit evidence of previous successful application of the field joint
coating system on pipes of the specified material, and that the product complied with
the requirements of this DEP for the tests specified in Table B.
2. The Applicator shall make up application on at least 5 field joints in order to:
a. prove the quality plan;
b. prove the application procedures (both main and repair);
c. prove the ITP.
This is regardless of whether the Applicator has applied the particular type of field
joint in the past.
3. If different procedures are required for different sizes of joints, this should be 5 test
joints for each procedure.
4. All joints offered shall be tested in accordance with Table B.
a. After the Applicator has satisfactorily demonstrated application of the field joint
coating, two joints shall be coated and the joints is to be tested in accordance
with Table B.
5. At least two welded pipe pups with the factory line pipe coating shall be coated by the
Applicator with the proposed field joint coating system and is to be subjected to the
tests specified in Table B.
a. These tests may be carried out in the Applicator's own laboratory, or by an
independent laboratory to be agreed by the Principal.
6. The Principal shall witness the application and testing.
7. The results of the tests shall be reported to the Principal, signed by the head of the
laboratory and the witness.
7.4 PRE-PRODUCTION TRIAL (PPT)

Delete second to last paragraph beginning “Test methods and frequencies…”.
7.5 QUALIFICATION OF COATING AND INSPECTION PERSONNEL

Delete last paragraph.
7.6 PRODUCTION TESTING AND INSPECTION

Delete last paragraph.

February 2017
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8 CLASSIFICATION OF FIELD JOINT COATINGS

1. The field joint coating system shall be suitable to provide corrosion protection to
the field joints of a pipeline to the same standard or better than the pipe coating
system used on the main body of the pipeline.
2. The field joint coating system specified in this DEP shall be manufactured to
obtain the required coating properties under the prevailing design, installation and
operating conditions.
8.1 COATING TYPES

8.1.1 Liquid epoxy
1. Liquid epoxy and epoxy-modified coatings shall be solvent free.
These are two-pack coating systems composed of a base (epoxy resin) and a
curing agent. The coating system can be modified with other components.
Reinforcement of the coating systems can be achieved by using glass fibres of
glass flakes.
8.1.2 Liquid polyurethane
1. Liquid polyurethane and polyurethane-modified coatings shall be solvent free.
These are two-pack coating systems composed of polyol (pack A) and isocyanate
(pack B). The coating system can be modified with other components.
8.1.3 Heat shrink sleeve
A heat shrink sleeve is a type of field joint coating, applied to a pre-heated pipeline in the
form of a sleeve or wrap, which shrinks in the circumferential direction under the
influence of heat or by other means, forming an adherent field joint coating.
The shrink sleeve consists of a polyolefin (PE or PP) based backing with an adhesive
layer (mastic or hot melt) on one side.
1. The shrink sleeve may be applied with or without a primer.
8.1.4 Polyethylene
8.1.4.1 Polyethylene heat shrink sleeve
Polyethylene heat shrink sleeve is described in (8.1.3).
8.1.4.2 Flame sprayed polyethylene
1. Flame sprayed polyethylene shall be applied over an epoxy primer coating (either a
powder applied by dusting or electrostatic spray or a spray-applied liquid coating).
a. The primer shall be overcoated with modified polyethylene powder applied by
spray or by flame spray
b. The required thickness shall be achieved by further flame spray application of the
modified polyethylene powder.

February 2017
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8.1.4.3 Polyethylene tape/sheet

1. Polyethylene tape/sheet shall be applied over an epoxy primer coating (either a
powder applied by dusting or electrostatic spray or a spray applied liquid coating).
a. The primer shall be overcoated with modified polyethylene powder applied by
spray
b. The required thickness shall be achieved by wrapping the joint with polyethylene
tape/sheet; either in a spiral or a single piece large enough to cover the required
area.
8.1.5 Polypropylene
8.1.5.1 Polypropylene heat shrink sleeve
Polypropylene heat shrink sleeve is described in (8.1.3).
1. For this coating type a polypropylene copolymer adhesive layer and epoxy primer
layer shall be used.
8.1.5.2 Flame sprayed polypropylene
1. Flame sprayed polypropylene shall be applied over an epoxy primer coating (either a
a. The primer shall be overcoated with modified polypropylene powder applied by
spray or by flame spray
b. The required thickness shall be achieved by further flame spray application of the
modified polypropylene powder.
8.1.5.3 Polypropylene tape/sheet
1. Polypropylene tape/sheet shall be applied over an epoxy primer coating (either a
spray.
b. The required thickness shall be achieved by wrapping the joint with
polypropylene tape/sheet; either in a spiral or a single piece large enough to
cover the required area.
8.1.5.4 Injected moulded polypropylene
1. Injected moulded polypropylene shall be applied over an epoxy primer coating (either
a powder applied by dusting or electrostatic spray or a spray applied liquid coating).
spray
b. The required thickness shall be achieved by injecting polypropylene into a mould
around the joint.
8.1.6 Fusion bonded epoxy
1. Fusion bonded epoxy shall consist of a fusion bonded epoxy layer applied by spraying
epoxy powder on an electrostatically heated pipe surface.
8.1.7 Visco-elastic self-healing wrapping system
1. Visco-elastic self-healing wrapping system shall consist of two layers.
The first layer is a visco-elastic polymeric tape with self-healing properties to
provide corrosion protection to the underlying substrate. The second layer is an
outerwrap applied to provide mechanical protection.

February 2017
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8.2 TEMPERATURE
1. The suitability of a field joint coating for a particular temperature shall be demonstrated
by performing the qualification tests at the relevant test temperature specified in this
DEP.
8.3 PIPE COATING COMPATIBILITY

1. The field joint coating shall possess the required adhesive properties when applied on
the base pipe and the various line pipe coating materials.
a. The preheat and application temperatures required for the application of the field
joint coating shall not cause loss of functional properties of the line pipe coating.
The generic types of line pipe coatings are:
• Polyethylene;
• Polypropylene;
• Polyurethane;
• Fusion bonded epoxy;
• Hot applied bitumen, asphalt or coal tar enamels.
2. The suitability of the field joint coating for use with a particular line pipe coating system
shall be demonstrated by carrying out a full application procedure followed by
adhesion testing using the generic types of pipe coating as a substrate.
3. Any deterioration or loss of functional properties of the line pipe coating due to the
application of the field joint coating using recommended procedures shall render the
field joint coating unsuitable for use in conjunction with that type of line pipe coating.
8.4 PIPELINE DIAMETER

1. The field joint coating shall be suitable for application in the field on the pipeline
diameters used in a specific project, in accordance with the Manufacturer/Supplier's
application instructions.
Variation in pipeline diameter is not part of the common qualification procedure, except
when different diameters require different application procedures (e.g., flame heating
rather than induction heating, or one-person rather than two-person application).
2. The Contractor shall demonstrate that a field joint coating, applied on the pipeline of
specified diameter in the field, complies with this DEP.
Procedures for the testing of applied field joint coating in the field are specified in (9).
Qualification of the Applicator is specified in (7.3).

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9 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE PREPARATION, COATING

APPLICATION, TESTING AND REPAIR
1. The coating Manufacturer/Supplier shall submit full application procedures, which
is to consist of the following as a minimum:
a. surface preparation of the steel surface (method, cleanliness, profile);
b. preparation of the line pipe coating at the overlap (method, roughness,
chamfer);
c. application of primer (method, thickness);
d. pre-heating requirements (method, temperature, testing);
e. method of application;
f. quality control procedures.
2. The application procedures shall be qualified by the Contractor or Applicator, for
both the product and the individual application personnel, under the supervision
of the coating Manufacturer/Supplier.
a. If required, multiple application procedure qualifications shall be undertaken
to cover the full range of pipeline diameters, wall thicknesses and corrosion
coating types, as applicable.
9.1 FIELD JOINT COATING INSTALLATION

1. The maximum time between surface preparation and start of the field joint coating
application shall be no longer than 4 h.
a. Pipe joints whose coating is delayed beyond this period, or pipes showing any
visible rust stains or discoloration, regardless of the time period since blasting,
shall be blast cleaned again.
2. The application of the coating shall be strictly in accordance with the coating
Manufacturer/Supplier's application procedures and applied by qualified personnel,
see (7.3).
3. For all field coating applications, the surface temperature of the joint shall comply with
the requirements specified in the application procedures.
a. Heating equipment shall be controlled to maintain uniform temperatures
throughout the coating process.
b. The temperature of the joint shall be monitored using suitable means in order to
fulfil the application requirements (9.2.9).
c. Induction heating shall be used for all FBE applications for offshore pipelines and
specifically for pipeline nominal diameters above 600 mm (24 in).
d. The method of heating used during qualification shall also be used on site during
application.
4. For multi-layer systems, the temperature and time between subsequent layers shall be
controlled to obtain sufficient interlayer adhesion.
a. The required layer thickness of the primer (if required) and the total coating layer
shall be specified in the application procedures.
5. Batches of coating components shall be used in the same sequential order in which
they were manufactured.

February 2017
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9.2 QUALITY CONTROL DURING FIELD APPLICATION

9.2.1 General
1. All personnel and techniques and equipment shall be qualified.
a. Certification and records of qualification that are traceable to individual
applicators and equipment shall be maintained on site.
2. During field application of the coating, the Applicator (or Contractor as directed by the
Principal) shall carry out all quality control activities needed to ensure that the coating
is being applied in accordance with the approved coating application procedures and
that the final product complies with the requirements of this DEP.
3. The inspection and testing procedures shall be carried out as agreed between the
Principal and the Contractor in the Quality Plan (or Inspection and Test Plan).
4. The minimum quality control tests to be performed shall be as specified in Table A.
5. The Principal retains the right to witness all coating system application work.
a. No coating work shall be performed without inspection staff designated by the
Principal.
b. The results and documentation of the quality assurance program shall be
available to the Principal at all times.
c. Joints that do not comply with the requirements shall be rejected, and therefore
cleaned and recoated as required.
9.2.2 Ambient conditions
1. The Applicator shall measure the ambient conditions at regular intervals during
blasting and coating using certified and calibrated instrumentation and keep records of
prevailing temperature, humidity and dew point.
2. During the entire surface preparation and coating process, the pipe joint surface
temperature shall be more than 3 °C (5.4 °F) above the ambient dew point.
a. The ambient relative humidity (RH) shall be monitored and recorded.
i. Below 85% RH, up to four hours may be allowed after blasting and prior to
coating.
ii. Above 85% RH, one hour is allowed.
iii. Pipe that exceeds these limits shall be re-blasted.
b. The temperature of the pipe surface shall be in accordance with the application
guidelines and checked by means of instruments like infrared sensors, contact
thermometers or thermocouples.
3. If the environmental conditions lead to parameters that are outside the limits specified
in the qualified procedures or this DEP, the application shall be suspended until the
requirements are met.

February 2017
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9.2.3 Inspection of uncoated joints before blasting

1. Before surface preparation starts, each joint shall be visually examined for dents, laps,
weld spatter or any other defects to avoid coating unusable joints.
a. No repairs to a damaged pipe joint may be made without a written procedure
agreed by the Principal.
2. The factory coating shall be checked for visible defects.
a. Pipes with non-adherent and/degraded pipe coating shall be rejected.
3. All surfaces to be coated shall be dry and free of all surface contamination.
a. Oil, grease, and other contaminants should be removed, before blast cleaning by
a suitable solvent.
b. Detergent washing shall not be used.
c. Excessive dirt may require removal by a high pressure, fresh water rinse.
9.2.4 Preparation of factory applied coating transition area
1. The factory applied coating adjacent to the joint area shall be prepared to provide a
suitable surface to which the field joint coating will adhere.
a. The preparation methods shall be submitted by the Applicator and agreed to by
the Principal as part of the Inspection and Test Plan.
b. Field inspection will follow the agreed protocol.
2. Any damage sustained to the factory applied coating adjacent to the joint area shall be
repaired before acceptance of the field joint coating.
9.2.5 Blast Cleaning
1. Compressed air used for blast cleaning are to be free from oil, condensed moisture
and any other contaminants and shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D4285.
2. Blasting equipment that includes devices to recycle abrasives shall have equipment
that ensures removal of dust, fines, corrosion material and any other contaminants.
3. For stainless steel pipes, stainless steel abrasives or non-ferrous abrasives shall be
used for blast cleaning.
4. Approved abrasives for carbon steel surfaces are steel grit, aluminium oxide, or coal
slag.
a. Any blasting material with a conductivity greater than 50 μS/cm (127 μmho/in)
shall not be used.
5. Immediately after blast cleaning, all remaining weld spatter and irregularities shall be
removed from the pipe surface by chiselling and/or grinding.
2 2
a. Any treated surface with an area larger than 25 cm (3.9 in ) shall be re-blasted
to the cleanliness and roughness as specified above.
6. Any grit blast media or debris remaining in the ID of the pipe after grit blast shall be
removed using high pressure air.

February 2017
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9.2.6 Inspection after blasting

1. The pipe surface shall be cleaned of mill scale, rust and other foreign matter to
achieve a minimum surface cleanliness of Sa 2½.
2. The dust level on the blast-cleaned surface at the time of coating shall not exceed
quantity rating 2 in accordance with ISO 8502-3.
a. An increased conductivity level may indicate that an ionic contaminant has been
introduced into the blasting material from the pipe surface.
i. If contamination of the surface occurs, the quality of the blast cleaning
material and process shall be examined according to ISO 11127-6.
3. The surface profile shall be sharp and angular, is to be in accordance with the field
joint coating Manufacturer/Supplier’s specification.
a. Method for measurement of surface profile shall be documented in the written
Inspection and Test Plan and measured in accordance with ISO 8503-2 or
measured directly using a digital profile gauge approved by the Principal.
b. Surface profiles outside of specified limits shall be re-blasted.
9.2.7 Residual chloride assessment
2
1. The maximum residual chloride level on the blast-cleaned surface shall be 2 µg/cm ,
2
(1.9 mg/ft ) in accordance with ISO 8502-6 or using a conductrometric salt
contamination meter in accordance with ISO 8502-9, or any other method approved by
the Principal.
a. Chloride levels exceeding these value shall be treated with salt washing and
removal methods approved by the Principal until acceptable levels are achieved..
9.2.8 Coating application temperature
1. The temperature of the pipe surface during application shall be checked by means of
infrared sensors, contact thermometers or thermocouples or Principal approved
instruments.
2. The temperature of the pipe surface during application shall be in accordance with the
application guidelines.
a. Temperature indicating sticks shall not be used
3. The monitoring instruments shall be independent of the temperature control
equipment.
a. The instruments shall be calibrated once per 24 h.
4. Field joint coatings applied outside the qualified temperature range shall be identified
by marking and subjected to additional quality control tests (9.2.9) at the discretion of
the Inspector.

February 2017
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9.2.9 Appearance, thickness and holidays

1. Immediately following coating application, each coated joint shall be visually checked
for imperfections and irregularities of the coating and for the absence of holidays
(Annex B).
2. No holidays are allowed in the final coating therefore if holidays are detected, the
coating shall be repaired with an appropriate repair coating system.
a. The number of allowable repairs shall be agreed between the Coating Applicator
and the Principal and specified in the ITP.
3. The total thickness of the applied coating system shall be measured in accordance
with (Annex A) at regular intervals.
a. For semi-automatic application, coating thickness inspection frequency shall be
one out of every 10 joints, with a minimum of twice per shift,
b. For hand flocking application, the coating thickness inspection frequency shall be
every joint.
c. The minimum thickness shall be as agreed between the coating
Manufacturer/Supplier /Applicator and the Principal.
d. When the measured layer thickness is out of the required range, additional
measurements should be taken and corrective actions taken so that the coating
is within the agreed layer thickness range.
9.2.10 Destructive adhesion testing
1. For onshore application one out of every 100 applied field joint coatings (with a
minimum of one per 24 h) shall be selected for destructive adhesion testing of the
coating.
2. Testing of the adhesion of the field joint coating system to the steel surface, weld and
to the overlap at the existing line pipe coating shall be performed.
a. The tests should commence as soon as possible after coating to allow
readjustment of the coating process if required.
3. If agreed between the Coating Applicator and the Principal, additional destructive
adhesion testing shall be performed depending on the type of field joint coating
applied.
9.2.11 Acceptance of failed joints
1. In the event of joints failing to meet the requirements as specified in this section,
preceding joints coated after the last acceptable joints and the joints coated following
the failed joint shall be considered suspect and marked for further testing.
2. The Applicator shall propose and agree with the Principal to a test programme to trace
any of the suspect joints affected by the same failure.
a. Further testing shall involve inspection and examination similar to that carried out
on the original rejected joints.
b. Based on the test results, the final acceptance or rejection of the suspect joints
shall be made by the Principal.
3. The Applicator may be required to stop application and carry out a full investigation
into the source of the problem.
a. The results of the investigation shall be submitted to the Principal before
receiving permission from the Principal to recommence application.

February 2017
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Table A Minimum quality control requirements for field joint coatings
Property Section Test method Test frequency

Ambient conditions 9.2.2 every four hours or anytime there
is a change in weather condition
Surface condition before 9.2.3 Visual each pipe
blasting
Cleanliness of blast 9.2.6 ISO 8502-3 each pipe
cleaned surface
Surface profile 9.2.6 ISO 8503-2 one out of every 10 joints
(minimum 2 per shift)
Surface cleanliness 9.2.7 ISO 8502-6 one out of every 100 joints
Chlorides (minimum 1 per 24 h)
Dust
Oil and water in 9.2.6 ASTM D4285 Once at the start of test and after
compressed air compressor is restarted
Blast cleaning materials 9.2.6 ISO 11127-6 once per shift or related to (4.3.3)
and process ISO 11127-6
Pipe surface temperature 9.2.8 - each pipe
during coating application
Appearance 9.2.9 Visual each pipe
Coating thickness 9.2.9 Annex A each pipe for hand flocking and
1 out of 100 and at least twice per
shift for semi-automatic
application
Holiday detection 9.2.9 Annex B each pipe
Adhesion 9.2.10 Annex C For onshore application - one out
of every 100 joints (minimum
1 per 24 h)

February 2017
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Table B provides the number of joints required at a minimum for qualification.

Table B Number of joints required during qualification
Property Test method Coating system Applicator

(section) qualification qualification/ PPT
Cleanliness of blast 9.2.6 5 joints 2 joints
cleaned surface
Surface roughness 9.2.6 5 joints 2 joints
Pipe surface - 5 joints 2 joints
temperature
Coating application - 5 joints 2 joints
temperature
Appearance visual 5 joints 2 joints
Coating thickness Annex A 5 joints 2 joints
Holiday detection Annex B 5 joints 2 joints
Adhesion Annex C 5 joints 2 joints
Impact Annex G 5 joints 2 joints
Indentation Annex H 3 joints
Flexibility Annex P 3 joints
Hot water soak Annex I 3 joints
Cathodic disbonding Annex F 3 joints
Thermal ageing Annex N 3 joints
Lap shear Annex L 5 joints
Degree of cure of FBE Annex E 3 joints
Microscopic examination NACE 3 joints
RP0394-2002
Self-healing (18.1.8) 3 joints
Drip resistance Annex J 3 joints
Peel to outer layers Annex M 3 joints
Destructive testing – 3 joints 2 joints
System identification/ – Available to the –
Manufacturer/Supplier 's Principal
data
Coating application – – Approved by the
process Principal

February 2017
Page 33
Delete this section:
10 BITUMINOUS, PETROLATUM, WAX AND POLYMERIC TAPES
11 HEAT-SHRINKABLE COATINGS
Add the following to under this heading:
1. The shrink sleeve Manufacturer/Supplier shall submit technical data on the
system and system components for information of the Principal requested in
(6.3.2).
11.1 COATING IDENTIFICATION

Delete this section.
11.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS

11.5 TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS

1. The acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with Table C.
Table C Acceptance criteria for heat shrink sleeves
Property Requirement Section

Visual appearance Free from blisters, scratches 11.5.1
Total thickness By agreement or specified 11.5.2
Holiday test No holidays 11.5.3
Adhesion (peel strength), PE backed PP backed
20 °C (68°F) > 2.5 N/mm (14.3 lbf/in) > 4.0 N/mm (22.8 lbf/in) 11.5.4
25 to 60 °C (77 to 140°F) > 0.5 N/mm (2.9 lbf/in) > 2.0 N/mm (11.4 lbf/in)
> 60 °C (140°F) > 0.3 N/mm (1.7 lbf/in) > 2.0 N/mm (11.4 lbf/in)
Lap shear strength, PE backed PP backed

2 2
20 °C (68°F) 0.5 N/mm (73 psi) 2.0 N/mm (290 psi) 11.5.5
2 2
25 to 60 °C (77 to 140°F) 0.3 N/mm (44 psi) 0.5 N/mm (73 psi)
2 2
> 60 °C (140°F) 0.1 N/mm (15 psi) 0.5 N/mm (73 psi)
Impact > 15 J (11 ft-lb) 11.5.6

Indentation > 0.6 mm (0.024 in)
11.5.7
(remaining thickness)
Hot water soak PE backed PP backed
11.5.8
28 days > 2.5 N/mm (14.3 lbf/in) > 4.0 N/mm (22.9 lbf/in)
Cathodic disbonding see Tables C and D 11.5.9
Thermal ageing PE backed PP backed
11.5.10
100 days > 1.8 N/mm (10.3 lbf/in) > 3.0 N/mm (17.1 lbf/in)
Destructive testing Regular distribution of adhesive. No bare steel visible 11.5.11

February 2017
Page 34
11.5.1 Visual appearance

1. The applied heat shrink sleeve shall be free from blisters formed by entrapped air,
pinholes, scratches, burn marks or any other irregularities and have a uniform colour
and gloss.
2. The adhesive shall be regularly distributed under the full area of the sleeve and be
visible at both ends of the sleeves around the full circumference of the pipe.
11.5.2 Total thickness
1. For the shrink sleeves, the thickness in the as-delivered state shall be as specified by
the Manufacturer/Supplier of the shrink sleeve.
a. The applied shrink sleeve shall be of even thickness over the total sleeve surface
allowing for some variation on weld seams.
2. The minimum value measured on top of the weld shall not be less than 75% of the
nominal sleeve thickness.
3. The thickness shall be measured in accordance with the method described in (Annex
A).
11.5.3 Holidays
1. The applied shrink sleeve shall be free from holidays and/or pinholes that are
indicated when tested in accordance with (Annex B).
2. The test voltage shall be 5 kV/mm (0.127 kV/mil) + 5 kV, with a maximum of 25 kV.
11.5.4 Adhesion
1. The adhesion of the shrink sleeve to the pipe steel, the weld and the pipe coating shall
be determined as peel strength, measured at room temperature and at a test
temperature related to the Maximum Design Temperature using the test procedure in
(Annex C).
a. The minimum peel strength values at the given test temperature shall be as
specified in Table C.
b. After each peel strength test the test surface shall be examined for the mode of
failure.
c. There shall be no adhesive failure between the shrink sleeve adhesive
component and the (primed) pipe coating and either the shrink sleeve backing
over more than 10% of the test surface or the weld surface.
11.5.5 Lap shear strength
1. The lap shear strength of the shrink sleeve adhesive to steel shall be determined at
room temperature and at a test temperature related to the Maximum Design
temperature in accordance with the test method described in (Annex L).
a. The minimum lap shear strength values at the given test temperature shall be as
specified in Table C.
2. The mode of failure shall be cohesive within the adhesive layer.
11.5.6 Impact resistance
1. The impact resistance of the shrink sleeve system shall be tested at 23 ± 3 °C (73 ±
5.4 °F) in accordance with the test method described in (Annex G).
2. The minimum impact resistance shall be 15 J (11 ft-lb) for all pipe diameters.

February 2017
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11.5.7 Indentation resistance

1. The indentation resistance of the shrink sleeve shall be tested at room temperature
and at Maximum Design temperature in accordance with the test method described in
(Annex H).
2. The minimum remaining thickness after indentation shall be more than 0.6 mm (0.024
in).
11.5.8 Hot water soak
1. Hot water resistance shall be tested in accordance with (Annex I) at a test temperature
related to the Maximum Design temperature with a ± 2 ˚C tolerance.
a. The duration of the hot water soak test shall be 28 days.
2. After the exposure, the coating shall show no significant evidence (less than 10 % of
the test area) of blistering or disbonding.
be more than 2.5 N/mm (14.3 lbf/in) for PE backed sleeves and more than 4.0 N/mm
(22.8 lbf/in) for PP backed sleeves when tested in accordance with (7.4.4) at 23 °C (73
°F).
11.5.9 Cathodic disbonding resistance
1. Cathodic disbonding shall be tested in accordance with (Annex F) at a test
temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature as specified in Table D.
a. The duration of the cathodic disbonding test shall be 28 days.
b. After the test, the maximum radius of disbonding shall be less than the value
given in Table D.
Table D Cathodic disbonding resistance for heat shrink sleeves
Maximum Design Temperature, Test Temperature, Maximum Disbonding Radius,

°C (ºF) °C (˚F) mm (in)
PE PP backed
backed
< 20 (<68) 20 ± 2 (68 ± 3.6) 5 (0.2) 3 (0.12)
20 to 60 (68 to 140) 60 ± 2 (140 ± 3.6) 10 (0.4) 5 (0.2)
60 to 80 (140 to 176) 80 ± 2 (176 ± 3.6) 15 (0.6) 10 (0.4)
> 80 (>176) Maximum design 15 (0.6) 15 (0.6)
temperature ± 2 (± 3.6)
(but no higher than 95
±2(200 ± 3.6) )

February 2017
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11.5.10 Thermal ageing

1. Thermal ageing resistance shall be tested in accordance with (Annex N) at a test
temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature with a ± 2 ˚C (3.6˚F)
tolerance.
a. The duration of the thermal ageing resistance test for coating qualification shall
be 100 days.
be more than 1.8 N/mm (10.3 lbf/in) for PE backed sleeves and more than 3.0 N/mm
(17.1 lbf/in) for PP backed sleeves when tested in accordance with (Annex D) at 23 °C
(73 °F).
4. Manufacturer/Supplier’s data may be submitted to the Principal for approval.
11.5.11 Destructive testing
1. The regular distribution of the adhesive and the adhesion of the adhesive to the steel
surface shall be demonstrated by complete removal of a sleeve by cutting the sleeve
into smaller sections and pulling it from the pipe.
2. After removal of the sleeve the pipe surface shall be visually examined.
3. The sleeve fails the test if:
a. more than 5% of the steel surface shows bare steel or primer, or
b. more than 5% of the circumference on the weld shows bare steel or primer, or
c. at 20 mm (0.8 in) at either side of the weld shows bare steel (wagon tracking) or
primer, or
d. more than 5% of the pipe coating is bare, or
e. more than 5% of the surface area shows voids (signs of air inclusions).
11.6 REPAIRS
1. If the shrink sleeve become burned, cracked, or a gap exists between it and the
corrosion coating surface, it shall be removed and replaced.

February 2017
Page 37
12 FUSION-BONDED EPOXY (FBE) POWDER COATINGS
12.4 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS

12.4.3 Heating
Add the following to this section:
1. Pipe to be coated shall be uniformly heated in excess of the minimum application
temperature recommended by Manufacturer/Supplier, and not less than 230 °C
(450 °F) for any single reading.
2. Pipe heated to application temperature and not coated for any reason shall be
reblasted after cooling to ambient temperature.
3. Pipe temperature shall be monitored just before coating application.
4. Pipe temperature shall not exceed 274 °C (525 °F).
5. For heating with an induction coil there shall be no blistering or other damage to
the parent coating.
a. Preventing blistering should include some of the following:
i. reduction in the rate of heating;
ii. reduction in the size of the coil;
iii. introduction of a pre-heat or pre-heat station allowing adequate time
and heat for FBE moisture egress without parent coating damage.
On past projects, where blistering occurred the above measures have
been successful in eliminating blistering. It is to be noted that all FBE
coating is subject to absorption of moisture over time and that rapid
egress of this moisture can cause blistering of the parent coating. If
coated pipe has been stored for a period of time prior to onshore stalking
for a reel application, multiple joint fabrication, or offshore installation,
Contractor shall check ahead of such fabrication or installation whether
the parent coating is prone to blistering during rapid heat up. Blistering
may be difficult to observe once the heat source is removed; therefore,
the parent coating shall be inspected for evidence of blistering (disbonded
or cracked coating).
6. Provision shall be made to protect parent pipeline coating that would be damaged
(for example and not limited to - melting, cracking, disbonding).
12.4.5 Field joint coating repairs
1. A maximum of 5 repairs shall be allowed per FJC.
a. For an FBE FJC with greater than 5 holidays, the FJC shall be stripped and
recoated.
b. Repair of pinhole type FBE holidays shall be made using hot-melt patch
sticks compatible with the plant applied coating.
2. Patch sticks shall not be used to repair FBE coating.
a. A qualified two part epoxy shall be used to make all repairs to damaged
FBE.
b. Apply epoxy coating following Manufacturer/Supplier’s specifications.

February 2017
Page 38

1. The acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with Table E.
Table E Minimum coating properties for FBE coating systems

Visual appearance No blisters, 12.5.1
Total Dry Film thickness, 475 μm (19 mils) ± 75 μm (3 mils) 12.5.2
μm (mil)
2
Adhesion > 10 N/mm (1450 psi) 12.5.4
rating 1
Impact > 5 J/mm (94 ft-lb/in) 12.5.5
Indentation < 0.2 mm at 23 °C (0.008 in at 73 °F) 12.5.6
< 0.4 mm (0.016 in) at Tmax
Flexibility No holidays 12.5.7
Hot water soak No blistering 12.5.8
28 days
≤ rating 2
> 7 N/mm2 (1000 psi)
> 2 % strain
Cathodic disbonding See Table F 12.5.9
Thermal ageing No blistering 12.5.10
100 days
≤ rating 2
2
> 7 N/mm (1000 psi)
> 2 % strain
Degree of cure ∆Tg value shall be between –2 °C (28 °F) and +3 °C 12.5.11
(37 °F).
Microscopic examination No voids 12.5.12
Maximum rate 2 for foaming.
Gouge (ARO for HDDs) < 360 μm (14 mil) gouge depth with 50 Kg (110 lbm) 12.5.13
load using R33 bit.

1. The coating shall be free from blisters, visual holidays, scratches or any other
irregularities and have a uniform colour and gloss.

February 2017
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12.5.2 Coating thickness

1. The thickness of the cured FBE coating shall be 475 µm (19 mils) ± 75 µm (3 mils).
2. Coating thickness shall be measured on every field joint using a calibrated dry film
thickness gauge.
a. The thickness gauge shall be calibrated a minimum of once per 12 hour shift.
3. For the abrasion resistant outer (ARO) layer, FBE used in horizontal directional drills
or slick bores, coating thickness shall be as in Table 12.5.2.
Table 12.5.2 – Coating System Thickness
System Base coat Top coat Total thickness

Impact/abrasion 355 µm (14 mils) 762 µm (30 mils) 1120 µm (44 mils)
(Sandy Conditions)
Impact/abrasion 355 µm (14 mils) 1270 µm (50 mils) 1625 µm (64 mils)
(Rocky Conditions)
4. The coating shall be cured in accordance with the Manufacturer/Supplier's

recommendations.
5. The coating thickness shall be measured in accordance with (Annex A).
12.5.3 Holidays
1. The coating system shall be free from holidays that are indicated when tested in
accordance with (Annex B).
2. The test voltage shall be 5 kV/mm (0.127 kV/mil), with a maximum of 25 kV.
12.5.4 Adhesion
1. The adhesion of the coating system on the pipe surface and the plant coating shall be
tested in accordance with (Annex C).
a. The adhesion of the coating system shall be such that any attempt to remove the
coating shall result in a cohesive break in the coating material and not in an
adhesive failure of the coating/substrate interface (maximum rating 1).
b. The adhesion of the coating system shall also be tested by the dolly pull-off.
c. The pull-off adhesion strength shall be more than 10 N/mm (1450 psi) and the
failure mode is to be cohesive for more than 75% of surface area.
Test results might be given when tested at the Maximum Design temperature.
1. The impact resistance of the coating system at ambient temperature shall be more
than 5 J/mm (94 ft-lb/in) when tested in accordance with the procedure in (Annex G).
1. The indentation shall be not more than 0.2 mm (0.008 in) at 23 °C (73 °F) and 0.4 mm
(0.016 in) at the Maximum Design temperature when tested in accordance with
(Annex H).

February 2017
Page 40
12.5.7 Flexibility
1. The flexibility of the coating shall be such that holidays do not appear when tested in
accordance with (Annex P).
2. At 0 °C (32 °F) a 2% strain and at 23 °C (73 °F) a 3% strain shall be induced in the
coating of the sample.
3. For deepwater reeling applications (≤ 18 mils DFT) at 0 °C (32 °F) a 2.6% strain shall
be induced in the coating of the sample.
12.5.8 Hot water soak
related to the Maximum Design temperature.
a. The duration of the hot water soak test shall be 28 days.
b. After the exposure, the coating shall show no significant evidence (less than 10%
of the test area) of blistering or disbonding and show an adhesion rating of
maximum 2 when tested in accordance with (Annex C).
2. The adhesion of the coating system on the pipe surface and the plant coating shall
also be tested by the dolly pull-off method (Annex C).
2
a. The pull off adhesion strength shall be more than 7 N/mm (1000 psi) and the
major failure mode (> 75% of surface area) is to be cohesive.
3. The flexibility of the coating after exposure shall be such that holidays do not appear
when it is tested in accordance with the procedure in (Annex B) when 2% strain at 23
°C (73 °F) is induced in the coating of the sample.
temperature related to the operating temperature.
a. The duration of the cathodic disbonding test shall be 28 days.
given Table F.
Table F Cathodic disbonding resistance for FBE coatings
Maximum design temperature, Test temperature, Maximum disbonding radius,

°C (ºF) °C (˚F) mm (in)
< 20 (<68) 20 ± 2 (68 ± 3.6) 5 (0.2)
20 to 60 (68 to 140) 60 ± 2 (140 ± 3.6) 10 (0.4)
60 to 80 (140 to 176) 80 ± 2 (176 ± 3.6) 10 (0.4)
> 80 (>176) Maximum design 10 (0.4)
temperature ± 2 (± 3.6)
(but no higher than
95 ± 2 (200 ± 3.6))

February 2017
Page 41

temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature.
a. The duration of the thermal ageing test shall be 100 days.
of the test area) of blistering or disbanding when tested in accordance with
(Annex C).
c. The coating shall show an adhesion rating of maximum 2 when tested in
accordance with (Annex C).
2
a. The pull off adhesion strength shall be more than 7 N/mm and the major failure
mode (> 75% of surface area) is to be cohesive.
when it is tested in accordance with the procedure in (Annex P) when 2% strain at
23 °C (73 °F) is induced in the coating of the sample.
12.5.11 Degree of cure
1. The degree of cure shall be determined by differential scanning calorimetry in
accordance with Annex E to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the
enthalpy (Hr) of the curing of the powder.
a. The ∆Tg value shall be between –2 °C (28 °F) and +3 °C (37 °F).
12.5.12 Microscopic examination
1. A sample of the applied coating shall be examined for the presence of foaming, voids
and contamination in accordance with NACE RP0394-2002.
2. The maximum degree of foaming shall be 2, both through-film and across-film.
3. The coating interface shall be free of contamination by foreign matter.
12.5.13 Gouge Testing
1. When the field joint coating will be used on piping employed in horizontal directional
drills or slick bores, the applied coating shall be examined for resistance to gouging.
13 LIQUID COATINGS



1. The acceptance criteria for liquid coatings shall be in accordance with Table G.

February 2017
Page 42
Table G Acceptance criteria for liquid coatings

Visual appearance Free from blisters, scratches 13.5.1
Hardness Shore D In accordance with Manufacturer/Supplier 's 13.5.4
specification
Adhesion rating 1 13.5.5
2
> 10 N/mm (1450 psi)
Impact 5 J/mm (at 23 °C) [94 ft-lb/in at 73 °F] 13.5.6
3 J/mm (at 0 °C) [56 ft-lb/in at 32 °F]
Indentation < 0.2 mm (at 23 °C) [0.008 in at 73 °F] 13.5.7
< 0.4 mm (0.016 in) (at Tmax)
Flexibility No holidays 13.5.8
Hot water soak No blistering 13.5.9
28 days (less than 10 % of the test area)
≤ rating 2
2
> 7 N/mm (1000 psi)
> 2% strain
Cathodic disbonding see Table H 13.5.10
Thermal ageing No blistering 13.5.11
100 days
≤ rating 2
2
> 7 N/mm (1000 psi)
> 2% strain

1. The coating shall be free from blisters, visual holidays, scratches or any other
irregularities and is to have a uniform colour and gloss.
13.5.2 Coating thickness
1. The minimum thickness of the coatings shall be as specified or agreed between the
Principal and the Contractor but not less than the Manufacturer/Supplier’s
recommendation.
2. The liquid epoxy coating shall be applied in accordance with Manufacturer/Supplier's
recommendations to a minimum dry film thickness of 500 µm (20 mils).

February 2017
Page 43
13.5.3 Holidays
1. The coating system shall be free from holidays when tested in accordance with (Annex
B).
2. A maximum of 5 repairs shall be allowed per FJC.
a. For an LE FJC with greater than 5 holidays, the FJC shall be stripped and
recoated.
b. All coating repairs shall be made with the liquid epoxy selected.
3. The test voltage shall be 5 kV/mm (0.13 kV/mil), with a maximum of 25 kV.
13.5.4 Shore D hardness
1. Shore D hardness shall be in accordance with the Manufacturer/Supplier’s
specification.
2. The test shall be carried out in accordance with the method defined in ISO 868.
13.5.5 Adhesion
1. The adhesion of the coating system on the pipe surface and the plant coating shall be
tested.
a. The adhesion of the coating system shall be such that any attempt to remove the
coating results in a cohesive break in the coating material and not in an adhesive
failure of the coating/substrate interface (maximum rating 1) when tested in
2. The adhesion of the coating system shall also be tested by the dolly pull-off method in
2
a. The pull-off adhesion strength shall be more than 10 N/mm .
b. The failure mode for pull-off adhesion shall be cohesive for more than 75% of
surface area.
3. For information, test results may be given when tested at the Maximum Design
temperature.
1. The impact resistance of the coating system at ambient temperature shall be more
than 5 J/mm at 23 °C (94 ft-lb/in at 73 °F) and 3 J/mm at 0 °C (56 ft-lb/in at 32 °F)
when tested in accordance with (Annex G).
1. The indentation shall be not more than 0.2 mm at 23 °C (0.008 in at 73 °F) and not
more than 0.4 mm (0.016 in) at the Maximum Design temperature when tested in
accordance with (7.6).
13.5.8 Flexibility
1. The flexibility of the coating shall be such that holidays do not appear when tested in
accordance with (Annex P).
2. At 0 °C (32 °F) a 2 % strain, and at 23 °C (73 °F) a 3% strain, shall be induced in the
coating of the sample.

February 2017
Page 44
13.5.9 Hot water resistance

a. The test duration for hot water resistance shall be 28 days.
b. After the exposure, the coating shall show:
i. no significant evidence (less than 10% of the test area) of blistering or
disbanding;
ii. an adhesion rating of maximum 2 when tested in accordance with (Annex
C).
2
when it is tested in accordance with the procedure in (Annex P) with 2% strain induced
in the coating of the sample at 23 °C (73 °F).
a. The duration of the cathodic disbonding test for coating qualification shall be 28
days.
given in Table H.
Table H Cathodic disbonding resistance for liquid coatings

°C (ºF) °C (˚F) mm (in)
< 20 (<68) 20 ± 2 (68 ± 3.6) 5 (0.2)
20 to 60 (68 to 140) 60 ± 2 (140 ± 3.6) 10 (0.4)
60 to 80 (140 to 176) 80 ± 2 (176 ± 3.6) 10 (0.4)
> 80 (>176) Maximum design 10 (0.4)
temperature ± 2
(± 3.6) (but no
higher than 95 ± 2
(200 ± 3.6))

February 2017
Page 45

1. Thermal ageing shall be tested in accordance with (Annex N) at a test temperature
of the test area) of blistering or disbonding and is to show an adhesion rating of
maximum 2 when tested in accordance with (Annex C).
also be tested by the dolly pull off method (Annex C).
2
when it is tested in accordance with the procedure in (Annex P) with 2% strain induced
in the coating of the sample at 23 °C (73 °F).
14 POLYOLEFIN-BASED COATINGS



February 2017
Page 46

1. Refer to (11) for the requirements for polyethylene and polypropylene heat shrink
sleeves.
a. For the other types of polyethylene and polypropylene coating systems the
acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with Table I.
Table I Acceptance criteria for polyethylene and polypropylene coatings

Visual appearance No blisters. 14.5.1
Adhesion (peel PE PP 14.5.4
strength),
at 23 °C (73 °F) > 4 N/mm (22.8 lbf/in) > 15 N/mm (85.7 lbf/in)
at Tmax > 1.5 N/mm (8.6 lbf/in) > 2.0 N/mm (11.4
lbf/in)
Indentation PE PP 14.5.6
at 23 °C (73 °F) < 0.1 mm (0.004 in) < 0.1 mm (0.004 in)
at Tmax < 0.6 mm (0.024 in) < 1.0 mm (0.04 in)
Hot water soak > 4 N/mm (22.8 > 15 N/mm (85.7 lbf/in) 14.5.7
28 days lbf/in)
Cathodic disbonding See Table J 14.5.8
Thermal ageing > 3 N/mm (17.1 > 10 N/mm (57 lbf/in) 14.5.9
100 days lbf/in)
Destructive testing No bare steel 14.5.10
Regular distribution of primer and adhesive
Degree of cure of FBE ∆Tg value is to be between –2 °C (28 °F) and +3 14.5.11
primer °C (37 °F).
Microscopic examination No voids 14.5.12
of FBE primer Maximum of 2 for foaming
Oxygen Induced Time, > 20 minutes 14.5.13
(only for flame sprayed
systems)

1. The coating shall be free from blisters, pinholes, scratches or any other irregularities
and is to have a uniform colour and gloss.
14.5.2 Total coating thickness
1. The minimum thickness of the coating that is to be agreed between the Principal and
the Contractor shall not be less than the Manufacturer/Supplier’s recommendation.

February 2017
Page 47
14.5.3 Holidays
1. The coating system shall be free from holidays when tested in accordance with (Annex
B).
2. The test voltage shall be 10 kV/mm (0.254 kV/mil) with a maximum of 25 kV.
14.5.4 Adhesion
1. The adhesion of the coating system to the pipe steel, the weld and the pipe coating
shall be determined as peel strength, measured at room temperature and at a test
temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature using the test procedure in
(Annex C).
a. The minimum peel strength vales at the given test temperature shall be as
specified in Table H.
b. If the coating cannot be peeled from the line pipe, the minimum peel resistance
value shall be recorded as larger than the measured tensile force at yield.
2. After each peel strength test, the test surface shall be examined for the mode of
failure.
a. There shall be no adhesive failure between the PP/PE adhesive and the primed
pipe or weld surface.
1. The impact resistance of the PE coating system shall be tested only at 23 °C (73 °F);
the impact resistance of PP is to be tested at 0 °C (32 °F) and 23 °C (73 °F).
2. The testing shall be carried out in accordance with the procedure in (Annex G).
3. The minimum impact resistance shall be 15 Joules (11 ft-lb) for all pipe diameters.
1. The indentation resistance of the coating system shall be tested at room temperature
and at a temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature in accordance with
the test procedure given in (Annex H).
2. The minimum indentation values at the given test temperature shall be as specified in
Table I.
a. The duration of the hot water resistance test shall be 28 days.
3. The peel strength adhesion of the polymeric coating to the pipe steel, the weld and the
pipe coating shall be more than 4 N/mm (22.8 lbf/in) for PE and more than 15 N/mm
(85.7 lbf/in) for PP when tested in accordance with (Annex D) at 23 °C (73 °F).
a. The duration of the cathodic disbonding resistance Cathodic disbonding
resistance test shall be 28 days.
b. After the test, the maximum radius of disbonding shall be as given in Table J.

February 2017
Page 48
Table J Cathodic disbonding resistance for PE and PP coatings

°C (ºF) °C (˚F) mm (in)
PE PP
< 20 (<68) 20 ± 2 (68 ± 3.6) 5 (0.2) 3 (0.12)
20 to 60 (68 to 140) 60 ± 2 (140 ± 3.6) 10 5 (0.2)
(0.4)
60 to 80 (140 to 176) 80 ± 2 (176 ± 3.6) 15 7 (0.28)
(0.6)
> 80 (>176) Maximum design 15 7 (0.28)
temperature ± 2 (0.6)
(± 3.6) (but no
higher than 95 ± 2
(200 ± 3.6))

a. The duration of the thermal ageing resistance test shall be 100 days.
of the test area) of blistering or disbonding.
c. The peel strength adhesion of the polymeric coating to the pipe steel, the weld
and the pipe coating shall be more than 3 N/mm (17 lbf/in) for PE and more than
10 N/mm (57 lbf/in) for PP when tested in accordance with (Annex N) at 23 °C
(73 °F).
1. The regular distribution of the adhesive and the adhesion of the adhesive to the steel
and pipe coating surface shall be demonstrated by complete removal of a field joint
coating by cutting the coating system into smaller sections and pulling it from the pipe.
2. After removal of the coating, the pipe surface shall be visually examined.
3. The coating fails the test if:
a. more than 5% of the steel surface shows bare steel or;
b. more than 5% of the circumference on the weld shows bare steel or;
c. at 20 mm (0.8 in) at either side of the weld shows bare steel (wagon tracking) or;
d. more than 5% of the pipe coating is bare or;

February 2017
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14.5.11 Degree of cure of FBE primer

1. The degree of cure of the FBE primer shall be determined by differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) in accordance with Annex E to determine the glass transition
temperature (Tg) and the enthalpy (Hr) of the curing of the powder.
a. The ∆Tg value shall be between –2 °C (28 °F) and +3 °C (37 °F).
14.5.12 Microscopic examination
1. A sample of the FBE primer layer shall be examined for the presence of foaming,
voids and contamination in accordance with the procedure in NACE RP0394-2002.
a. The maximum degree of foaming, both through-film and across-film, shall be 2.
b. The coating interface shall be free of contamination by foreign matter.
14.5.13 Oxygen induced time
1. The oxygen induced time (OIT) for flame sprayed PE/PP coating systems shall be
tested in accordance with ISO 11357-6 at a temperature of 200 °C (392 °F) for PE and
at 220 °C (428 °F) for PP.
a. The OIT shall be more than 20 minutes.
14.6 REPAIRS
1. Polyolefin repair to areas not affecting the FBE primer layer shall be performed as
follows:
a. pre-heat the affected area using a heat gun;
i. open flame devices shall not be used due to the threat of damage to the
surrounding coating;
ii. using the heat gun, bring the affected area up to the temperature specified
by the Manufacturer/Supplier.
b. using an approved application method apply a sufficient amount of approved
polyolefin to ensure the minimum thickness is obtained and that fusion between
the original coating and the repair is complete;
c. provide a 25 mm (1”) minimum overlap onto the undisturbed factory
polypropylene, with an increase in thickness at the transition of at least 20 mils.
2. FBE repairs to areas affecting the FBE primer layer shall be performed as follows:
a. for repairs where the FBE primer is damaged, remove sufficient polyolefin and
adhesive in order to expose a sufficient repair area and follow the FBE repair
process above;
b. follow the polypropylene repair process above.
15 THERMAL SPRAY ALUMINIUM (TSA) COATINGS

Refer to DEP 30.48.40.31-Gen. for TSA coatings.

February 2017
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16 HOT-APPLIED MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX COATINGS

17 ELASTOMERIC COATINGS

February 2017
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18 VISCO-ELASTIC SELF-HEALING COATING SYSTEMS

1. The acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with Table K.
Table K Minimum coating properties for visco-elastic self-healing coating
systems

Visual appearance No blisters, 18.1.1
Adhesion Substrate coverage > 100% 18.1.4
Remaining thickness > 0.6 mm (0.024 in)
at 23 °C (73 °F) > 0.2 N/mm (1.1 lbf/in)

at Tmax > 0.02 N/mm (0.11 lbf/in)
Lap shear Substrate coverage > 95% 18.1.5

2
at 23 °C (73 °F) > 0.02 N/mm (2.9 psi)
2
at Tmax > 0.003 N/mm (0.44 psi)
Impact > 15 J (11.1 ft-lb) 18.1.6
Indentation No holidays 18.1.7
remaining thickness > 0.6 mm (0.024 in)

Self-healing No holidays 18.1.8

Drip resistance No dripping of compound 18.1.9
Hot water soak Substrate coverage > 100% 18.1.10
28 days
> 0.2 N/mm (1.1 lbf/in)
Self-healing requirement
Cathodic < 1 mm (0.04 in) 18.1.11
disbonding
Thermal ageing Substrate coverage > 10% 18.1.12
100 days
> 0.2 N/mm (1.1 lbf/in)
Self-healing requirement

February 2017
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Destructive testing No bare steel visible. 18.1.13
Regular distribution of primer and adhesive
Peel of outer wrap 18.1.14
outer/outer (at > 0.4 N/mm (2.3 lbf/in)
23 °C [73°F]) > 0.05 N/mm (0.3 lbf/in)
outer/outer (at > 0.4 N/mm (2.3 lbf/in)
Tmax) > 0.05 N/mm (0.3 lbf/in)
inner/outer (at
23 °C [73°F])
inner/outer (at
Tmax)

1. The applied coating shall be free from blisters formed by entrapped air, pinholes,
scratches, or any other irregularities and have a uniform colour and gloss.
2. The first layer shall be uniformly distributed under the full area of the field joint and be
visible at both ends of the outer wrap around the full circumference of the pipe.
18.1.2 Total thickness
1. The thickness in the as-delivered state shall be as specified by the
Manufacturer/Supplier of the coating.
a. The applied visco-elastic self-healing wrapping system shall be of even thickness
over the total field joint surface allowing for some variation on weld seams.
2. The minimum value measured on top of the weld shall not be less than 75% of the
nominal thickness.
3. The thickness shall be measured in accordance with the method described in (Annex
A).
18.1.3 Holidays
1. The applied shrink sleeve shall be free from holidays and/or pinholes that are
indicated when tested in accordance with (Annex B).
2. The test voltage shall be 5 kV/mm (0.127 kV/mil) + 5 kV, with a maximum of 25 kV.
18.1.4 Adhesion
shall be determined as peel strength, measured at room temperature and at a test
temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature using the test procedure in
(Annex C).
a. The minimum peel strength values at the given test temperature shall be as
specified in Table K.
2. After each peel strength test the test surface shall be examined for the mode of failure.
a. There shall be no adhesive failure between the visco-elastic material and the
substrate (pipe, weld surface or pipe coating).
b. There shall be a cohesive failure, leaving the compound covering the substrate
for more than 95%.
c. The remaining thickness on the substrate shall be more than 0.6 mm (0.024 in).

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18.1.5 Lap shear strength

1. The lap shear strength of the visco-elastic self-healing material to steel shall be
determined at room temperature and at a test temperature related to the Maximum
Design temperature in accordance with the test method described in (Annex L).
a. The minimum lap shear strength values at the given test temperature shall be as
specified in Table K.
2. After each lap shear test the test surface shall be examined for the mode of failure.
steel substrate.
for more than 95%.
1. The impact resistance of the shrink sleeve system shall be tested at room temperature
and at a test temperature related to the maximum operating temperature in
accordance with the test method described in (Annex G).
2. The minimum impact resistance shall be 15 Joules (11.1 ft-lb) for all pipe diameters
and no holidays are to be observed after 1 h of applying the impact energy.
1. The indentation resistance of the coating system shall be tested at room temperature
and at Maximum Design temperature in accordance with the test method described in
(Annex H).
2. There shall be no holidays and the minimum remaining thickness after indentation are
to be more than 0.6 mm (0.024 in) when measured 1 h after removing the indentator
from the coating.
18.1.8 Self-healing
1. The self-healing behaviour of the coating system shall be tested at room temperature
and at Maximum Design temperature.
2. A sample of coated pipe shall be taken of sufficient length and with approximately the
same diameter as the production pipe.
a. A 6 mm (1/4 in) hole shall be drilled in the coating, by means of a flat-faced mill.
b. The hole shall not penetrate more than 0.5 mm (0.02 in) into the steel substrate.
c. Distance between the hole and any weld shall be at least 50 mm (2 in).
d. For each test specimen, 3 holes shall be drilled at least 50 mm (2 in) apart and at
least 50 mm (2 in) distance from any weld or pipe end.
3. There shall be no holidays and the minimum coating thickness recovered in the defect
are to be more than 0.6 mm (0.024 in) when measured 24 h after preparing the
artificial defect in the coating.

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18.1.9 Drip resistance

1. The drip resistance of the visco-elastic self-healing coating material shall be tested at
room temperature and at Maximum Design temperature.
2. Three samples of the coating (wrap, tape) of 150 mm (6 in) in length and 50 mm (2 in)
wide shall be cut and be exposed in the oven for 48 hour at the Maximum Design
temperature.
a. The samples shall be freely hanging vertically.
i. After this 48 hour period, it shall be determined if any components of the
coating system has dripped on the bottom of the oven.
ii. If any material has dripped, the coating system fails this test.
3. There shall be no dripping of any compound.
a. The duration of the hot water resistance test shall be 28 days.
2. After the exposure, the coating shall show no significant evidence (less than 10% of
shall be determined as peel strength, measured at room temperature using the test
procedure in (Annex C).
a. The minimum peel strength value tested at ambient temperature shall be more
than 0.2 N/mm (1.1 lbf/in).
failure.
for more than 95%.
in accordance with the test method described in (18.1.9).
6. There shall be no holidays and the minimum thickness recovered in the defect is to be
more than 0.6 mm (0.024 in) when measured 24 h after preparing the artificial defect
in the coating.
1. Cathodic disbonding shall be tested in accordance with (Annex F) at room
temperature and at a test temperature related to the Maximum Design temperature as
specified in Table L.
a. The duration of the cathodic disbonding resistance test shall be 28 days.
b. After the test, the maximum radius of disbonding shall be less than 1 mm (0.04
in).

February 2017
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Table L Cathodic disbonding resistance test temperatures
Maximum design temperature, Test temperature,

°C (ºF) °C (˚F)
< 20 (<68) 20 ± 2 (68 ± 3.6)
20 to 60 (68 to 140) 60 ± 2 (140 ± 3.6)
60 to 80 (140 to 176) 80 ± 2 (176 ± 3.6)
> 80 (>176) Maximum design temperature ± 2
(± 3.6) (but no higher than 95 ± 2
(200 ± 3.6))

2. After the exposure, the coating shall show no significant evidence of blistering or
disbonding.
shall be determined as peel strength, measured at room temperature using the test
procedure in (7.4.4).
a. The minimum peel strength value tested at ambient temperature shall be more
than 0.2 N/mm (1.1 lbf/in).
failure.
for more than 95%.
in accordance with the test method described in (18.1.8).
6. There shall be no holidays and the minimum thickness recovered in the defect is to be
more than 0.6 mm (0.024 in) when measured 24 h after preparing the artificial defect
in the coating.

February 2017
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1. The regular distribution of the visco-elastic material and the adhesion of the visco-
elastic coating to the steel and pipe coating surface shall be demonstrated by
complete removal of a field joint coating by cutting the field joint coating into smaller
sections and pulling it from the pipe.
2. After removal of the field joint coating, the substrate surface shall be visually
examined.
3. The coating system fails the test if:
a. more than 5% of the steel surface shows bare steel, or
b. more than 5% of the circumference on the weld shows bare steel, or
c. and 20 mm (0.8 in) at either side of the weld shows bare steel (wagon tracking),
or
d. more than 5% of the pipe coating is bare, or
18.1.14 Peel strength of outer wrap
1. The peel strength of the outer wrap to a) the outer wrap itself and b) to the inner visco-
elastic self-healing material shall be tested at room temperature and at Maximum
Design temperature in accordance with the test method specified in (Annex M).
2. The minimum peel strength values at the given test temperature shall be as specified
in Table K.

February 2017
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ANNEX B (NORMATIVE) INSPECTION OF THICKNESS
B.2 EQUIPMENT
B.2.1
Replace this paragraph with the following:
1. The coating thickness shall be measured by means of a thickness meter based
on eddy current or electromagnetic techniques, in accordance with ISO 2808,
Method 6A or 6B.
2. Magnetic thickness gauges shall not be used, either for qualification testing or for
quality control purposes.

February 2017
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ANNEX C (NORMATIVE) ADHESION TEST – RESISTANCE TO REMOVAL
C.1 GENERAL
Replace this paragraph with the following:
1. The coating adhesion shall be measured by different methods, depending on the
coating type used.
a. For liquid coating types and FBE, the adhesion shall be measured by dolly
pull-off measurements and the X-cut method.
2. The adhesion strength of the coating shall be tested by a pull-off test according to
ISO 4624.

February 2017
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ANNEX D (NORMATIVE) PEEL-STRENGTH TEST
D.1 MEASUREMENT OF THE PEEL STRENGTH WITH A TENSILE TESTING MACHINE

1. For the polymeric coatings (shrink sleeves, polyethylene/polypropylene and
visco-elastic self-healing coatings), the peel test method shall be used.
2. The coating adhesion shall be determined by measuring the peel strength, i.e.,
the force required to peel a strip of coating from the pipe surface.
3. The test method shall not use a force gauge of the spring balance type.
4. For testing at elevated temperatures, a sample of pipe shall be conditioned for at
least 1 h at the test temperature.
a. The test shall be carried out under conditions that ensure that the
temperature of the outer steel surface is maintained at the required test
temperature.
b. The surface temperature shall be monitored during the test and the results
reported.
5. The procedure and the type of heating equipment shall be proposed by the test
laboratory and approved by the Principal.
D.2 MEASUREMENT OF THE PEEL STRENGTH WITH A SPRING BALANCE


February 2017
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Delete this annex:
ANNEX O (NORMATIVE) TEST PROGRAMMES FOR PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION TRIALS,

PRE-PRODUCTION TRIALS OR PRODUCTION TESTING

February 2017
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Add the following new annex:
ANNEX P FLEXIBILITY TESTING

1. Samples shall be cold-cut from a coated pipe and shall be subjected to a bend test.
2. For pipe diameters of 300 mm (12 in) and above, four strips (300 mm [12 in]
long x 50 mm [2 in] wide) shall be cut in the longitudinal direction of the pipe.
3. For pipe diameters less than 300 mm (12 in), four rings shall be cut with a width of
50 mm (2 in).
4. The samples shall be free from holidays when tested in accordance with (7.3).
5. At 0 °C (32 °F) a 2% strain, and at 20 °C (68 °F) a 3% strain, shall be induced in the
coating of the sample or otherwise agreed by the Principal.
6. Two tests shall be carried out at each temperature.
7. The deflection loading rate during bend testing shall be 25 ± 2 mm/min (1 ± 0.08
in/min).
8. Strip samples shall be bent by means of a mandrel, using either a 3-point bending or a
cantilever arrangement.
9. The mandrel sizes shall be selected according to the formula in equation Annex 1:
Equation Annex 1
where:
D = mandrel diameter (mm)
t = specimen metal wall thickness (mm)
s = 2% at 0 °C (32 °F)
3% at 20 °C (68 °F)
10. The ring samples shall be squeezed in accordance with ASTM G70 to obtain a strain
of 2% and 3% respectively.
11. As a guide, the length of the reduced axis after squeezing shall be per Equation Annex
2.
Equation Annex 2
where:
the pipe diameter (mid-wall to mid-wall) before squeezing, mm
the length of the reduced axis (mid-wall to mid-wall) after squeezing, mm
the pipe wall thickness (mm)
2% at 0 °C (32 °F)
3% at 20 °C (68 °F)

February 2017
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12. After bending, the pipe coating surface shall be examined for the presence of holidays
in accordance with (7.3).
a. The coating shall be deemed to have failed the test if any holiday is detected.

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ANNEX Q DEEPWATER OFFSHORE FJC SYSTEM SELECTION GUIDELINE
Q.1 GENERAL
1. The field joint coating is part of the external corrosion protection system provided to
ensure the integrity of the flowline or export line.
a. There are a number of significant variables that influence the selection and
design of a field joint coating for offshore pipelines, flowlines and risers (Figure 1).
b. A large variety of solutions also exist for the numerous situations that can arise.
Figure 1 Considerations for offshore field joint coating selection
Offshore Field Joint Selection
Parent Coating Pipe Lay Method Pipe Lay Contractor Special

Considerations
• FBE • Reeled • Availability of • Steel Caternary

• TLPE • S-Lay equipment/ Risers
• TLPP • J-Lay • Skills/time • Shallow Water
• Polychloroprene • Preference Risers
• TSA • Experience • Aggressive
• CWC environments
• Single Insulated • Single Joints • Shielding from
Flowline • Double Joints Cathodic
Operator Protection
• Pipe-in-pipe • Quad Joints
flowline • Higher
• Hex Joints
• Electrically Temperatures
Heated flowline • Philosophy • Service
conditions
• Experience
• Availability of
• Specification
• Fabrication of data
Double/
• Quads/Hex
• Onshore
• Offshore
2. Protection of the field joint area is afforded by the correct selection and application of
the field joint coating.
a. The beginning of the selection process should be a philosophy based on
historical data, historical performance or required performance.

February 2017
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3. The field joint selection criteria is based on the philosophy that the field joint area
should be coated with the same system of materials that is on the main body of the
pipeline/flowline/riser pipe and consider insulation properties, corrosion protection
properties and mechanical properties.
a. Care should be exercised especially for pipeline installations that involved high
bending strains.
b. Different stiffness of the field joint coating compared to the stiffness of the main
pipe coating may lead to significant strain concentrations that can have
detrimental effect on field joint integrity or pipe or weld.
Qualification of the field joint system, in particular that of deepwater insulation
system, can be significantly influenced by the testing conditions and how
closely they simulate realistic field conditions. For example, if pipe is reeled,
the reeling speed can be much faster than the rate of bending under laboratory
conditions. There have also been instances that cracking has occurred well
after the pipe is on the reel, indicating some potential for delayed cracking.
c. Qualification of the field joint system should be conducted under realistic
conditions.
d. If there are any unusual circumstances with differences between testing and field
conditions, or there is potential for delayed cracking based on the Contractor’s or
Principal’s experience, the Contractor shall propose a project specific test plan,
including appropriate testing that could be required to avoid such the situations.
i. The agreed project specific test plan shall be subject to the approval of the
Principal.
Q.2 FUSION-BONDED EPOXY COATED PIPE

1. Refer to Figure 2 in Annex AA.
Table Q.1 FBE coated pipe
FBE to FBE FBE to TLPE

J-Lay S-Lay Reeled J-Lay S-Lay Reeled
(1)
FBE ü ü ü
LE ü ü ü
(2)
HSS ü
NOTES:
1. For FBE coated pipelines an FBE field joint coating is preferred.
2. See Q.2 Item Item 2
2. HSS (Note 2 in Table Q.1) shall not be used when they would be exposed to shear
forces during installation. Only Epoxy prime HSS to be used.

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Q.3 THREE LAYER POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE COATED PIPE

Table Q.2 TLPE/TLPP coated pipe
All other
SCR VIV Section SCR Touchdown flowline/pipeline/riser
sections
Figure J-Lay S-Lay Reeled J-Lay S-Lay Reeled J-Lay S-Lay Reeled
FBE Under
Theroplastically
Figure
bonded PE ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü
3
sleeve with PU
Infill
(1) Figure
Double HSS ü
5
Single Epoxy
ü
Prime HSS
Single Mastic
Figure
HSS with PU ü
6
infill
Figure
IMPE/ IMPP ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü
4
FSPE/ FSPP ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü
(2) Figure
IMPU & Pipe ü
9
Fused Wrap
ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü
PE/ PP
NOTES: 1. Epoxy primed HSS followed by mastic backed HSS (1st HSS requires grit blast)
2. Offshore weld above J-Lay collar
Q.4 CONCRETE WEIGHT COATED PIPE

Table Q.3 Concrete weight coated pipe
Figure S-Lay
FBE, Permanent HDPE
Figure 7 ü
sleeve, PU infill
HSS (Epoxy Primed),
Permanent HDPE sleeve, Figure 7 ü
PU infill

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Q.5 POLYCHOROPRENE RUBBER COATED PIPE

Table Q.4 Polychloroprene rubber coated pipe
Figure Cure time < 12 hours Cure time > 12 hours

Split Sleeve ü
Roll-back Sleeve Figure 14 ü
Q.6 POLYPROPYLENE INSULATION COATED PIPE

Table Q.5 Polypropylene insulated coated pipe
Figure Offshore
st
IMPP with FBE 1 coat Figure 8 ü
st (1)
IMPU with FBE 1 coat Figure 8 ü
(1)
IMPU with PU Primer Figure 8 ü
st
IMPU with FBE/LE 1 coat, HSS
(1) Figure 13 ü
weld coat
NOTE: Use of IMPU is temperature limited (99°C (210°F) Max)
Q.7 POLYURETHANE INSULATION COATED PIPE

Table Q.6 Polyurethane insulation coated pipe
Offshore
st
IMPU with FBE 1 coat ü
IMPU with PU Primer ü
Q.8 PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES

Table Q.7 Pipe-in-pipe flowlines
Offshore
Casing Pipe (as per FBE pipe) ü
Carrier Pipe – FBE or HSS with
Insulation half-shell
Carrier Pipe – Bare with Insulation
ü
half-shell

February 2017
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Q.9 COATING CUTBACKS

1. The minimum requirements for the coating cutbacks (i.e., the distance from the end of
the pipe that remains uncoated) shall be in accordance with Table Q.8.
Table Q.8 Coating cutback requirements
(4)
Coating Cutback Tolerance
FBE 6 in (152 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
TLPE/PP < 220 mils (5.6 6 in (152 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
(1)
mm) thickness
TSA 6 in (152 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
TLPE/PP Insulation and 15 in (381 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
TLPE/PP > 220 mils (5.6
(2) (3)
mm) thickness
(3)
PU/GSPU Insulation 15 in (381 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
(3)
CWC 15 in (381 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
Polychloroprene 15 in (381 mm) + 1 in (25.4 mm), - 0 in (0.0 mm)
NOTES: 1. AUT Inspection Principal to be informed of TLPE thickness.

2. To edge of insulation or thick coating bonded to the pipe.
3. Refer to (Annex Q item 2).
4. For thin coatings the AUT Scanner can sit on the coating.
2. The minimum cutback distances are determined by welding and AUT requirements.
a. The Principal may optimize cutback distance based on installation method and
AUT inspection requirements if any.
b. When an FBE/corrosion coating stick-out is required, the stick-out shall be
delivered free of damage, adhesive and other contaminates.
i. Machining to achieve the required stick-out shall not damage the pipe or the
FBE/corrosion coating.
3. Cutback area should be free of coating residue, contamination (oil, grease, dirt and
salt) and are to be abrasively blasted to a surface cleanliness and profile consistent
with the surface preparation of the main line pipe coating.
a. On delivery of coated pipe, surface rusting on the cutback is acceptable unless
specified otherwise by the Principal.

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ANNEX R PERMANENT HIGH-DENSITY MOULD SLEEVE, THREE-LAYER POLYETHYLENE

AND POLYPROPYLENE COATING FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS
R.1 MATERIALS
1. Mastic primed HSS with high-density mould sleeve system (including PU infill).
2. The polyurethane shall be selected such that it is not brittle so that it fractures during
the pipe installation.
a. The HSS shall be mechanically roughened by gently abrading the surface with a
coarse sand paper to provide a key for the PU infill.
i. Other than having a rough surface The HSS shall not be damaged.
b. The HSS shall be flame oxidized immediately prior to application of the outer
sleeve and PU infill.
R.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

1. Refer to (11.3).
R.3 HEATING
1. Per Manufacturer/Supplier’s recommendation.
R.4 COATING APPLICATION

1. Refer to (11.4) for HSS.
2. Per Manufacturer/Supplier’s recommendation for Seasleeve.
R.5 REPAIRS
1. Per (11.6) for HSS and OJS Seasleeve.
R.6 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

1. Refer to (11.5) and Table R.1.
Table R.1 High-density mould sleeve TLPE/TLPP inspection requirements
Minimum
Procedure/Parameter Procedure/Equipment Frequency
Requirements
Integrity of thermoplastic Visual inspection No gaps, cracks or Every joint
welds voids.
Infill Visual inspection No voids Every joint

February 2017
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ANNEX S CONCRETE WEIGHT COATING
S.1 MATERIALS
1. The concrete field joint system shall employ a HSS or FBE corrosion coating and
polyurethane in-fill system.
a. The HSS material, surface preparation, heating, application, inspection and
qualification shall be as specified in (11).
b. The FBE material, surface preparation, heating, application, inspection and
qualification shall be as specified in (12).
2. The urethane in-fill system shall be a system consisting of a permanent, high density
polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic fusion welded mould sleeve and high density
polyurethane foam in-fill material, or Principal approved equivalent.
a. The in-fill material shall be 100% polyurethane and no other fillers, i.e., sand
and/or gravel mixture, are to be used.
S.2 COATING APPLICATION AND INSPECTION

1. The HDPE mould sleeve shall be sized such to overlap onto the plant applied concrete
coating a minimum of 15 cm (6 in) on both ends, and wrapped around the field joint
area in a "cigarette" type fashion with 5 cm (2 in) minimum circumferential overlap.
a. The longitudinal seam of the mould sleeve shall be sealed by thermoplastic
fusion welding.
2. Temporary, non-metallic, bands shall be placed around each end of the sleeve over
the concrete coating and tightened to prevent the in-fill material from squeezing out
during injection.
a. High-density polyurethane foam in-fill material shall be injected through a hole cut
into the mould sleeve, completely filling the field joint annulus.
3. After the polyurethane foam has cured (approximately 1 minute), the temporary bands
shall be removed and the field joint inspected by pressing on the mould sleeve to
make sure the field joint annulus is completely filled.
S.3 REPAIRS
1. If any polyurethane surface void areas be found 10 cm (4 in) in diameter or greater
and half the depth of the in-fill annulus, additional polyurethane foam shall be applied
through a small hole in the mould sleeve at the void location.
2. No repairs are required for voids smaller than specified above.
3. No more than two (2) voids of the specified size shall be repaired per field joint.
a. If more than two (2) voids of the specified size be found, the mould sleeve shall
be removed and the entire in-fill material visually inspected for voids and proper
in-fill material characteristics.
4. The entire field joint in-fill shall be redone, as required, should the polyurethane foam
have more than the specified voids or not appear to have proper material
characteristics.

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S.4 PQT REQUIREMENTS

1. Refer to (11.5).
2. In addition it shall be demonstrated that the OJS Seasleeve is well bonded to the pipe
and PU, the mould is full of polyurethane infill, cure time for the PU is observed, the
PU is of the correct hardness, and the polyurethane has a bond to the HSS (per
Manufacturer/Supplier’s guidelines).

February 2017
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ANNEX T POLYCHLOROPRENE RUBBER FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS
T.1 MATERIALS
1. The field joint system shall be manufactured with the application of the
polychloroprene parent coating or Principal approved equivalent.
The overlap or split type vulcanized rubber sleeves are sized to fit specific pipe
ODs. The rubber sleeves are adhered to the pipe with a special purpose epoxy
adhesive to be specified by the Principal.
2. Split type rubber sleeves can be used where the curing time on the field joints exceeds
12 hours, otherwise, overlap roll-back type sleeves shall be used.
a. Overlap type sleeves shall not be rolled back until just prior to application.
T.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

1. The surface of the pipe to be coated and inside surface of the rubber sleeve (split or
overlap) shall be dry and free of any oil, grease, or other contamination.
2. The steel and inside rubber sleeve surfaces shall be cleaned in accordance with
SSPC-SP1, Solvent Cleaning, using an oil-free, low moisture solvent (e.g., MEK,
Xylene).
3. The field joint area should be blast cleaned to achieve SSPC-SP10 (NACE No. 2, Sa 2
1/2) near white cleanliness.
a. If blast cleaned is not possible, the field joint area shall be wire brushed to
produce a bright, clean surface, then cleaned with an oil-free, low moisture
solvent.
4. The air for blast cleaning shall be clean, dry, and in accordance with ASTM D4285.
a. Blast cleaning shall not be carried out when the pipe surface to be blasted is wet,
or less than 3 °C (5 °F) above the dew point.
5. The field joint coating shall be applied before any surface oxidation ("blushing")
occurs.
T.4 COATING APPLICATION

1. Mix Supplier specified epoxy adhesive Part A and Part B, using specified proper
mixing ratios either by weight or volume.
a. The adhesive components shall be thoroughly mixed in a container with straight
sides until a uniform gray colour results.
b. Mix only as much as expected to be used in approximately 90 minutes, since this
is the work life at approximately 22 °C (72 °F).
Higher ambient temperatures will shorten the working life.
2. Approximately 1/16 in of adhesive shall be applied to the steel surfaces, inside
surfaces and edges of the sleeve, and the edges of the plant applied rubber coating
where the sleeve will contact.
a. Allow the adhesive to sit 5 min - 10 min, or until tacky, then apply the sleeve to
the pipe.
i. The adhesive shall not be applied when the ambient air and/or pipe and
sleeve surfaces are below 15 °C (60 °F).

February 2017
Page 72
3. Only contact pressure is required for adhesion of the rubber sleeve to the steel.
a. After the sleeve has been applied, it shall be tightened and held firmly in place by
filament type and/or duct tape.
i. The tape is sufficient to hold the sleeve in place while the epoxy adhesive is
curing, providing the sleeve does not move.
T.5 REPAIRS
1. If the damage to the plant applied or field joint vulcanized coating is not extensive, i.e.,
only damage to and through no more than 50% of the coating thickness, it shall be
repaired using only the specified field joint epoxy adhesive.
a. The damaged coating shall be removed down and back to sound, well bonded
coating.
b. The area shall be thoroughly cleaned with solvent and the epoxy adhesive mixed
as described above.
c. The adhesive shall be applied to the damaged area and flush with the existing
coating surface.
2. If the damage to the coating is more extensive, i.e., more than 50% of the coating
thickness, it shall be repaired using the same system and method as for a field joint.
a. All of the coating in the damaged area shall be removed to the metal surface and
the metal surface cleaned and prepared as described above.
b. A patch corresponding to the damaged area shall be cut from a spare split sleeve
or a separate sheet of proper thickness vulcanized rubber from the field joint
coating Manufacturer/Supplier.
i. The patch shall be applied and held in place in the same manner as coating
a field joint.
c. Should more than two repair areas be required in the same circumferential area,
the coating shall be removed and a complete field joint system installed.
T.6 PQT REQUIREMENTS

1. Refer to DEP 31.40.30.36-Gen.for material qualification.

February 2017
Page 73
ANNEX U POLYPROPYLENE/POLYETHYLENE INJECTION MOULDED FIELD JOINTS FOR

OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS
U.1 MATERIALS
1. IMPE/PP can be used for thin coatings (SCR VIV & Touchdown) and thick insulation
coatings.
a. The first coat shall be FBE, followed by an adhesive and then the PE/PP.
b. The insulation selected shall have properties in accordance with the parent
coating (for insulation) including:
i. The k-values for the field joint material and the parent coating shall be within
20% of each other.
ii. The modulus mismatch between the parent coating and the field joint
materials shall be compatible with the installation method to prevent possible
local buckling of the pipe during reeling.
iii. The final field joint coating thickness shall take account of any shrinkage and
the minimum thickness shall not be less than the nominal parent coating
thickness.
2. The FBE material, surface preparation, heating, application, inspection and
qualification shall be as previously specified in (12).
U.2 COATING APPLICATION

1. An adhesive shall be applied to the FBE.
2. The mould shall be securely clamped around the pipe to prevent leakage.
a. The mould shall be sized to allow a minimum overlap of 10 cm (4 in) over the
parent pipe coating.
3. The parent coating cutback and the overlap area shall be flame oxidized to enhance
bonding.
a. The coated area shall be preheated to the Manufacturer/Supplier’s recommended
temperature.
b. The PE/PP shall be heated to the Manufacturer/Supplier’s recommended
temperature prior to injection.
c. Overspill should be minimized.
4. Water cooling of the field joint area shall only be used when water is not in direct
contact with the field joint coating, i.e., flows through the mould casing.
5. The field joint coating shall not experience any loading or shear forces until the area if
fully cured and set.
6. At the discretion of the Principal, an HSS may be used to provide an additional barrier
should the bond between the parent and field joint insulation materials allow water
ingress.
The Principal will typically accept equivalent systems that are a proven barrier to
water.
U.3 REPAIRS
1. Through-thickness cracks shall be excavated and refilled with PE/PP. Shrinkage of the
field joint coating shall result in removal and reapplication.

February 2017
Page 74
U.4 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

1. For FBE refer to Table U.1:
Table U.1 PE/PP injection moulded field joints inspection requirements
Procedure/ Minimum
Procedure/Equipment Frequency
Parameter Requirements
Pre-heat temperature Temp. stick or > 450 °F (230 °C) Every joint
Thermocouple
Surface cleanliness Visual standards Sa 2½ Every joint
st
Surface profile Replica tape 2-4 mils (50-100 1 3 joints then twice per shift
µm) and at request of the
Principal
Application Temp. stick Per Every joint
temperature Manufacturer/Su
pplier’s datasheet
Cure time (time to Stop watch Per Every joint
quench) Manufacturer/Su
pplier’s datasheet
Oil and water in ASTM D4285 No oil or water Once at start-up, and after
compressed air compressor is restarted.
Dew point and relative Wet/dry bulb >5 °F (3 °C) Once at start-up, with shift
humidity thermometers & above the dew changes, and after obvious
psychrometric tables point weather changes (including
sunrise & sunset).
IMPE Visual Inspection No gaps, cracks Every Joint
or voids. Fully
bonded to parent
pipe coating.

February 2017
Page 75
U.5 PQT REQUIREMENTS

1. Refer to inspection requirements specified in Table U.1.
2. Bend testing and installation simulation shall be provided.
3. The bond strength between the parent coating and the field joint material shall have a
minimum average value of 5.5 MPa (800 psi) (using a minimum of 4 samples), with no
individual value less than 3.5 MPa (500 psi) (ASTM D4541 and ISO 4625).
4. The bond strength between the corrosion coating (FBE or other) and the field joint
coating material shall have a minimum average value of 6 MPa (900 psi) (using a
minimum of 4 samples), with no individual value less than 4 MPa (580 psi) (ASTM
D4541 and ISO 4625).
5. When measuring the bond strength between the parent coating and the field joint
coating, the interfacial surface area shall be 25 mm x 25 mm (0.98 in x 0.98 in)
2 2
(minimum acceptable bond area is 325 mm (0.5 in )).
a. Samples shall be cut so that the interface between the parent coating and field
joint material is perpendicular to the direction of pull.
Refer to Figure 8b for schematic.
6. A simulated reeling test should be done at the appropriate reeling speeds to insure
that the reeling operation does not cause any damage at or near the field joint.
7. The deformation on the hot/warm field joint materials resulting from the rollers/pads
contact shall not cause any failure in the field joint material, including permanent
deformation or cracking.

February 2017
Page 76
ANNEX V INJECTION MOULDED POLYURETHANE FIELD JOINTS FOR OFFSHORE

APPLICATIONS
V.1 MATERIALS
1. For insulation coatings the PU shall have properties consistent with the parent coating
including:
a. the k-values for the field joint material and the parent coating shall be within 20%
of each other;
b. the modulus mismatch between the parent coating and the field joint materials
shall be compatible with the installation method to prevent possible local buckling
of the pipe during reeling.
2. The corrosion coating shall be FBE unless otherwise approved by the Principal.
a. For use on TLPE coatings, the PU shall have abrasion resistance values
consistent with TLPE (abrasion resistant coating).
3. It shall be demonstrated that the cure of thick PU coatings does not cause shrinkage
or cracking.
4. The final field joint coating thickness shall account for shrinkage and the minimum
thickness is to not be less than the nominal parent coating thickness.
5. Insulation half-shells shall be used to minimize the volume of PU if control of shrinkage
is not acceptable to Principal (Annex W).
V.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

1. Refer to (12).
V.3 COATING APPLICATION

1. The mould shall be securely clamped around the pipe to prevent leakage.
a. The mould shall be sized to allow a minimum overlap of 4 in (10 cm) over the
parent pipe coating.
2. The parent coating cutback and the overlap area shall be flame oxidized to enhance
bonding.
a. The coated area shall be preheated to the Manufacturer/Supplier s
recommended temperature.
3. The PU shall be heated to the Manufacturer/Supplier s recommended temperature
prior to injection.
a. Overspill should be minimized.
4. The field joint coating shall not experience any loading or shear forces until the area if
fully cured and set.
5. At the discretion of the Principal, a HSS may be used to provide an additional barrier
should the bond between the parent and field joint insulation materials allow water
ingress. Principal will accept equivalent systems that are a proven barrier to water.
V.4 REPAIRS
1. Through-thickness cracks shall be excavated and refilled with PU.
2. Cracking due to shrinkage of the field joint coating shall result in removal and
reapplication.

February 2017
Page 77
V.5 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

Table V.1 Injection moulded PU field joint inspection requirements
Procedure/ Minimum
Procedure/Equipment Frequency
Parameter Requirements
Pre-heat Temp. stick or > 230 °C (450 °F) Every joint
temperature Thermocouple
Surface Visual standards Sa 2½ Every joint
cleanliness
st
Surface profile Replica tape 50-100 µm 1 3 joints then twice per
(2-4 mils) shift and at request of
Principal representative
Application Temp. stick Per Every joint
temperature Manufacturer/Su
pplier s datasheet
Cure time (time to Stop watch Per Every joint
quench) Manufacturer/Su
pplier s datasheet
Oil and water in ASTM D4285 No oil or water Once at start-up, and after
compressed air compressor is restarted.
Dew point and Wet/dry bulb >3 °C (5 °F) Once at start-up, with shift
relative humidity thermometers & above the dew changes, and after obvious
psychrometric tables point weather changes (including
sunrise & sunset).
Adhesion of PU to ASTM D4541 > 800 psi As required by the Principal
Pipe coating
IMPU Visual Inspection No gaps, cracks Every Joint
or voids. Fully
bonded to parent
pipe coating.
Adhesion of PU to ASTM D4541 > 800 psi Every Joint
Pipe coating

February 2017
Page 78
V.6 PQT REQUIREMENTS

1. Refer to inspection requirements specified in Table V.1.
2. Bend testing and installation simulation shall be at the request of the Principal.
3. The bond strength between the parent coating and the field joint material shall have a
minimum average value of 5.5 MPa (800 psi) (using a minimum of 4 samples), with no
individual value less than 3.5 MPa (500 psi) (ASTM D4541 and ISO 4625).
4. The bond strength between the corrosion coating (FBE or other) and the field joint
coating material shall have a minimum average value of 6 MPa (900 psi) (using a
minimum of 4 samples), with no individual value less than 4 MPa (580 psi) (ASTM
D4541 & ISO 4625).
5. When measuring the bond strength between the parent coating and the field joint
coating, the interfacial surface area shall be 25 mm x 25 mm (0.98 in x0.98 in)
2 2
(minimum acceptable bond area is 325 mm [0.5 in ]).
a. Samples shall be cut so that the interface between the parent coating and field
joint material is perpendicular to the direction of pull.
b. Refer to Figure 8b for schematic.
6. When required, a simulated reeling test should be done at the appropriate reeling
speeds to insure that the reeling operation does not cause any damage at or near the
field joint.
7. The deformation on the hot/warm field joint materials resulting from the rollers/pads
contact shall not cause any failure in the field joint material, including permanent
deformation or cracking.

February 2017
Page 79
ANNEX W HALF-SHELL INSULATION FIELD JOINTS FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS
W.1 MATERIALS
1. Half shell material shall have properties consistent with the parent insulation coating.
a. The corrosion coating shall be FBE or HSS as determined by Principal.
b. Half shells shall be held in place by 2 Alloy 625 bands per set.
c. The field joint area shall be covered by a permanent sleeve that is
thermoplastically welded to the parent pipeline coating, (alternatively PE pipe)
with injection moulded polyurethane.
d. The corrosion coating underneath the half-shell shall be holiday free.
2. For long field joint applications (J-Lay) half-shells shall be used to avoid excessive
shrinkage and cracking of the PU.
W.3 SURFACE PREPARATION

1. Refer to (12) for FBE
2. Refer to (11) for HSS)
W.4 COATING APPLICATION

1. The insulation half-shells shall be field cut to length, as required, and held in place with
Inconel 625 bands or fibre-reinforced filament tape (with IMPU).
2. The thermoplastically welded permanent mould shall be applied to cover the whole
field joint area, overlapping 15 cm (6 in) onto the parent coating.
3. For use with a PE pipe, the pipe shall be used as a mould for the in-fill material, and
the annulus sealed at the bottom with a conventional or casing type shrink sleeve.
a. The mould pipe shall have uniformly spaced holes (approximately 1.25 cm (0.5
in) diameter) longitudinally along and circumferentially around for providing
interlock support to the in-fill material, and a means for assuring complete filling of
the annulus.
b. The holes should be taped-up prior to injecting the in-fill material.
4. Solid polyurethane in-fill material shall be injected at the top of the annulus or through
a hole in the mould sleeve, completely filling the field joint annulus.
a. After the solid polyurethane has cured the tape shall be removed from the holes
and the in-fill coverage inspected.
b. If additional in-fill material be required, it shall be injected through the interlock
holes as required to completely fill the annulus.
W.5 REPAIRS
1. Should the shrink sleeve become burned, cracked, or a gap exists between it and the
corrosion coating surface, it shall be removed and replaced.
2. For IMPU- Fill through holes in PE pipe.

February 2017
Page 80
W.6 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

1. For outer permanent mould, inspection requirements refer to (Annex R).
2. Refer to (11, 12, and 13) for other inspection requirements for corrosion coating.
W.7 PQT REQUIREMENTS

Per inspection requirements specified in this (Annex).
1. Bend testing and installation simulation shall be provided.

February 2017
Page 81
ANNEX X OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES

1. The offshore pipe-in-pipe field joint system shall employ a shrink sleeve corrosion
coating, insulation half-shells, and mineral wool materials (Figure 10).
a. The shrink sleeve material, surface preparation, and application shall be as
previously specified.
2. The outer casing offshore field joint coating shall be either a shrink sleeve for J-lay
pipe-laying or FBE for S-laying.
3. Field joint systems for electrically heated pipe-in-pipe shall not employ any materials
which could cause electrical shorting or arcing between the two pipes.
4. The onshore pipe-in-pipe field joint system shall employ a liquid epoxy or HSS
corrosion coating, insulation half shells, fibreglass sheeting and injection moulded PU
encapsulation (Figure 11).
a. Following the completion of the quad-jointing and acceptance of the mid-welds,
for the field joint area shall be solvent cleaned.
b. The area shall be wire-brush cleaned to remove rust from the bare steel and to
feather the FBE corrosion coating for a minimum 12 mm (0.5 in).
c. Dust shall be removed.
d. The corrosion coating shall be applied (HSS or LE).
i. If LE is applied the coating thickness shall be a minimum of 200 µm (8 mils).
e. Cut-to-fit PUF half shells shall be placed around the field joint area (LE, if used,
shall be tack-free).
f. The half shells shall be secured using three bands of 2.5 cm (1 in) tape.
g. Fibreglass sheets shall be wrapped around the half shells.
5. The half shells shall have a maximum thickness of 0.5 cm (3/16 in) less than the mill
applied PUF.
a. The PE sheath of the mill applied PUF shall be abraded (emery cloth, sand paper
or file) to ensure a mechanical bond to the PU infill.
b. PU infill shall be a minimum of 0.15 cm (1/16 in) thick, to a maximum of the mill
applied PUF thickness.
c. Injected PU shall be fully cured and free from voids and protrusions.
6. PQT and inspection shall be done per individual component and Annexes.

February 2017
Page 82
ANNEX Y ELECTRICALLY HEATED OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE FLOWLINES

1. Prior to FBE coating the double joints shall be kept clean and free of debris.
a. Contractor should assure the ID of the outside casing pipe is clean and free of
debris.
i. Once the inside carrier pipe has been FBE coated and is prepared for PU
foam, the same care should be taken to keep OD of the carrier pipe clean.
b. The carrier pipe should at no time be stored on the ground or allowed to come in
contact with the ground.
c. If there be any adverse weather the OD of the carrier pipe should be high enough
off the ground level of the storage area to stay clean.
2. After PU foam coating, all PU foam cutbacks shall be covered with a hand applied 5
cm (2 in) extension of PU on to the carrier pipe.
a. Special care should be taken to ensure that the two part polyurethane mixture is
pre-mixed before application.
If the polyurethane is not properly mixed it could be detrimental to the electrical
integrity of the pipe.
3. During application of the heat shrink sleeve heat retardant material shall be used to
protect the foam cutbacks coated with appropriate sealant.
4. Next apply two part polyurethane to the interface at the shrink sleeve and coated foam
cutback.
a. Application of the two-part polyurethane jacket material at the interface of the
heat shrink sleeve with the coated foam cutback, shall have time to cure before
proceeding to the final step (Figure 12).
5. Under-sized half shells coated with two part polyurethane jacket material along axial
seam and on curved edges shall be installed around the field joint.
a. Any voids along the axial seam and on curved edges shall be filled with two part
polyurethane material.
b. Special care should be taken to ensure that the two part polyurethane material is
properly mixed prior to application.
c. Excess two part polyurethane material should be removed before proceeding.
d. Next, reinforced nylon tape shall be wrapped over full length of field joint, with
approx. 7.5 cm (3 in) overlap on each side of field joint.
i. The application shall ensure that at start of tape application on the trailing
end of field joint (in reference to direction quad will be inserted into casing
pipe) does not roll up during quad insertion.
e. The entire field joint shall be wrapped with overlapped tape method.

February 2017
Page 83
ANNEX Z OFFSHORE PIPE-IN-PIPE CASING TO BULK HEAD JOINT CASING

1. The pipe-in-pipe casing to bulkhead joint casing field joint system shall employ a steel
welded split sleeve, steel pipe collapse sleeve, shrink sleeves, and polyurethane in-fill
materials (Figure 10).
a. The shrink sleeve material, surface preparation, and application onto the split
sleeve casing pipe section shall be as previously specified.
2. Field joint systems for electrically heated pipe-in-pipe shall not employ any materials
that could cause electrical shorting or arcing between the two pipes.
3. The steel pipe collapse sleeve shall be electrically continuous with the casing pipe for
cathodic protection purposes through the use of the sleeve centralizer set screws.
a. The electrical continuity shall be verified prior to installation and is to be 0.3 ohms
or less, excluding the measurement lead wire resistance.

February 2017
Page 84
ANNEX AA DRAWINGS
AA.1 GENERAL
All drawings in this Annex are given as illustrations.
1. Project specific drawings shall be prepared for all field joints including materials,
application notes and dimensions.
2. The principal role for the field joint coating in all cases is external corrosion protection.
3. The first coating shall be of high integrity and good controlled application.
a. When insulation coating is required, the first coating (corrosion coating or primer)
shall be carefully controlled and treated as the primary means for corrosion
control.
4. In general, the field joint corrosion control coating shall overlap the parent corrosion
control coating by 5 cm (2 in) on each end (Figure 2).
Figure 2 Field joint coating overlap onto parent coating (e.g., FBE)

February 2017
Page 85
AA.2 THREE LAYER POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE COATINGS FOR ABRASION

RESISTANCE
Figure 3 High density mould sleeve (e.g., TLPE to TLPE S-Lay)
Figure 4 TLPE to TLPE injection moulded field joint

February 2017
Page 86
Figure 5 Double heat shrink sleeve for touchdown section (J-lay only)
Figure 6 Mastic backed HSS with PU filled outer pipe (where hot melt adhesive
primed HSS cannot be used)

February 2017
Page 87
AA.3 CONCRETE WEIGHT COATING FIELD JOINT

Figure 7 Standard CWC field joint
AA.4 INSULATION IN-FILL OR INJECTION MOULDED FIELD JOINT

Figure 8a Field joint for infill or injection moulded type

February 2017
Page 88
Figure 8b Sample preparation for adhesion tests
Figure 9 Abrasion resistant coating for J-lay

February 2017
Page 89
Figure 10 Offshore pipe-in-pipe field joint (non-electrically heated)

February 2017
Page 90
Figure 11 Onshore pipe-in-pipe field joint (example for quad joint fabrication)
Figure 12a Field joint coating for electrically heated pipe-in-pipe

February 2017
Page 91
Figure 12b Insulation half shell for electrically heated pipe-in-pipe
For notes see AA.5.

Figure 12c Assembly of field joint for electrically heated pipe-in-pipe

February 2017
Page 92
AA.5 NOTES TO FIGURE 12C

1. Shrink sleeve shall have a thickness of 2032 microns (80 mils).
a. At the shrink sleeve seam and the thickness shall be 4318 microns (170 mils).
2. All solid polyurethane shall be premixed prior to application.
3. Half shells shall be manufactured so they are at least 3.17 mm (1/8 in) to 4.76 mm
(3/16 in) less in diameter than the absolute minimum of the OD of the insulated pipe.
4. After the shrink sleeve is applied, a final application of sealant shall be applied at the
shrink sleeve PU foam interface before the foam half shell is inserted.
5. Any voids along the axial seam and on curved edges shall be filled with sealant.
a. Excess sealant should be removed before applying the tape.
6. Polyester film/glass filament tape shall be used to cover up the possible seam area
between the cut area and injected sealant.
7. In order to prevent tape from rolling up during quad insertion, tape application shall
start from the trailing end of the field joint in reference to the direction the quad will be
inserted.
8. Sealant shall be injection moulded in field joint.
a. Excess sealant shall be cut and sanded to allow for smooth field joint to the same
OD as the PU foam.

February 2017
Page 93
Figure 13 Insulated riser field joint coating (example)

February 2017
Page 94
Figure 14 Roll back sleeve field joint for polychloroprene rubber pipeline coating
(with optimized cutbacks)

February 2017
Page 95
PART IV REFERENCES
In this DEP, reference is made to the following publications:
NOTES: 1. Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used, together
with any amendments/supplements/revisions thereto.
2. The DEPs and most referenced external standards are available to Shell staff on the SWW (Shell
Wide Web) at http://sww.shell.com/standards/.
SHELL STANDARDS
DEP feedback form DEP 00.00.05.80-Gen.

Thermal spray coatings of aluminium DEP 30.48.40.31-Gen.
Elastomer coatings and Monel sheathing for offshore riser protection DEP 31.40.30.36-Gen.
AMERICAN STANDARDS
Standard test method for transition temperatures enthalpies of fusion ASTM D3418
and crystallization of polymers by differential scanning calorimetry
Standard test method for indicating oil or water in compressed air ASTM D4285
Standard test method for pull-off strength of coatings using portable ASTM D4541
adhesion testers
Standard test method for ring bendability of pipeline coatings ASTM G70
(squeeze test)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Plastics and ebonite – Determination of indentation hardness by ISO 868

means of a durometer (shore hardness)
Paints and varnishes – Determination of film thickness ISO 2808
Paints and varnishes – Pull-off test for adhesion ISO 4624
Binders for paints and varnishes Determination of softening point ISO 4625-1
Part 1:Ring-and-ball method - First Edition; Replaces ISO 4625
Binders for paints and varnishes Determination of softening point ISO 4625-2
Part 2:Cup-and-ball method - First Edition; Replaces ISO 4625
Coating powders – Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution by ISO 8130-1
sieving
Coating powders – Part 2: Determination of density by gas ISO 8130-2
comparison pyknometer (referee method)
Coating powders – Part 3: Determination of density by liquid ISO 8130-3
displacement pyknometer
Coating powders – Part 6: Determination of gel time of thermosetting ISO 8130-6
coating powders at a given temperature
Coating powders – Part 7: Determination of loss of mass on stoving ISO 8130-7
Coating powders – Part 8: Assessment of the storage stability of ISO 8130-8
thermosetting powders
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paint and related ISO 8502-3
products – Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness -
Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting
(pressure-sensitive tape method)
Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related ISO 8502-6
products – Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness - Part 6:

February 2017
Page 96
Extraction of soluble contaminants for analysis – The Bresle method

Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related ISO 11127-6
products – Test methods for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives –
Part 6: Determination of water-soluble contaminants by conductivity
measurement
Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — ISO 11357-6
Part 6: Determination of oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT)
and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT)
Petroleum and natural gas industries – External coatings for buried ISO 21809-3
and submerged pipelines used in pipeline transportation systems –
Part 3: Field joint coatings


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DEP SPECIFICATION

EXTERNAL FIELD JOINT AND REHABILITATION COATING

DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE

© 2017 Shell Group of companies

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

13.5 TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS ................................................................ 41

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

T.4 COATING APPLICATION ......................................................................................... 71

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

Batch Amount of materials produced within one uninterrupted production run

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

General Qualification of a product as a generic field joint coating system.

Inspector Party appointed by the Principal to witness the Applicator's quality

Maximum Temperature that is specified by the Principal as the maximum design

Specific Qualification of a product for application for the specified project.

CWC Concrete weight coating

DN Diameter Nominal (mm)

FBE Fusion Bonded Epoxy

FJC Field joint coating

FSPE Flame spray polyethylene

HDPE High Density Polyethylene

HSS Heat shrink sleeves

IMPE Injection moulded polyethylene

IMPU Injection moulded polyurethane

ITP Inspection Test Plan

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

OIT Oxygen Induced Time

PQT Pre-Qualification Trial

PUF Polyurethane foam

SCR Steel Catenary Riser

TLPE Three Layer Polyethylene

TLPP Three layer polypropylene

TSA Thermally Sprayed Aluminium

VIV Vortex Induced Vibration

1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP

Shell DEPs Online Enter the Shell DEPs Online system at

DEP Feedback System Enter comments directly in the DEP Feedback

DEP Standard Form Use DEP Standard Form 00.00.05.80-Gen. to record

1.7 DUAL UNITS

1.8 NON NORMATIVE TEXT (COMMENTARY)

1.9 DOCUMENT HIERARCHY

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PART II GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1 FIELD JOINT COATING QUALIFICATION

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This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 21809-3:2008

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS

6 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER

6.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

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Add the following new section:

6.3 INFORMATION TO BE SUBMITTED BY THE CONTRACTOR

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This document has been supplied under license by Shell to:

This document has been supplied under license by Shell to: