ANKIT

GOYAL
Gold Medalist - B.Tech (IIT
Indore)
All India Topper in GATE
Twice
Mentored more than 2 lac students
12+ years of teaching experience.
BIOT SAVART’S LAW
APPLICATION
MAGNETIC FIELD
DUE TO
STRAIGHT WIRE
MAGNETIC FIELD
SURROUNDING A
THIN, STRAIGHT
CONDUCTOR
MAGNETIC FIELD
SURROUNDING A
THIN, STRAIGHT
CONDUCTOR
MAGNETIC FIELD
DUE TO WIRE

The direction of magnetic field at a

point P due to a long straight wire can
be found by the right hand thumb rule.

If we stretch the thumb of the right

hand along the current and curl our
fingers to pass through P, the direction
of the fingers at P gives the direction of
magnetic field there.
IMPORTANT POINTS

The magnetic field for an infinitely long straight wire .

1
B ∝ d i.e. B-d graph for an infinitely long straight wire is a
rectangular hyperbola as shown in figure.
IMPORTANT POINTS

The magnetic field for an semi-infinite long straight wire .

1
B ∝ d i.e. B-d graph for an infinitely long straight wire is a
rectangular hyperbola as shown in figure.
 Q
Determine the magnetic field at point P located a distance x from U
the corner of an infinitely long wire bent at right angle as shown E
in figure. The wire carries a steady current i. S
T
I
O
N
MAGNETIC FIELD
ON CIRCULAR
COIL
MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE
AXIS OF A CIRCULAR COIL

• For N number of loops,

SPECIAL CASES

(i) At the centre of the loop,

(ii) For z ≫ R,
(iii) Magnetic field due to an arc of a circle at the centre is,
DIRECTION OF ELECTRIC FIELD

• Direction of magnetic field on the axis of a circular loop can be obtained using the right
hand thumb rule. If the fingers are curled along the current the stretched thumb will point
towards the magnetic field.
 Q
A conductor consists of a circular loop of radius R = 10 cm and two straight, long U
sections as shown in figure. The wire lies in the plane of the paper and carries a E
current of I = 7.00 A. Determine the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field at
the centre of the loop.
S
T
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 Q
A current path shaped as shown in figure produces a magnetic field at P, the U
centre of the arc. If the arc subtends an angle of 30o and the radius of the arc E
is 0.6 m. What are the magnitude and direction of the field produced at P if
the current is 3.0 A. S
T
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GRAPHICAL
EXPRESSION
• The magnetic field at a point not on
the axis is mathematically difficult to
calculate. We show qualitatively in
figure the magnetic field lines due to
a circular current which will give
some idea of the field.
• Magnetic field is maximum at the
centre and decreases as we move
away from the centre (on the axis of
the loop). The B-z graph is somewhat
like shown .
 Q
The segment of wire shown in figure carries a current of i = 5.0 A, where the U
radius of the circular arc is R = 3.0 cm. Determine the magnitude and E
direction of the magnetic field at the origin.
S
T
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Magnetic
Field due to
solenoid

20
MAGNETIC FIELD ALONG THE AXIS OF A SOLENOID

• The name solenoid was first given

by Ampere to a wire wound in a
closely spaced spiral over a hollow
cylindrical nonconducting core.
• If n is the number of turns per unit
length, each carries a current i
uniformly wound round a cylinder
of radius R, the number of turns in
length dx are ndx.
MAGNETIC FIELD
ALONG THE AXIS
OF A SOLENOID
SPECIAL CASES

I. If the solenoid is very long (L≫R) and the point Q is chosen at the middle,

II. At the end of the solenoid ,

 Q
Find the relation between the magnetic field at the centre of solenoid and at U
the end of solenoid? E
S
T
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Q
U 1. (a) A conductor in the shape of a square of edge length l = 0.4 m carries a current I = 10.0 A. Calculate
the magnitude and direction of magnetic field at the centre of the square.
E (b) If this conductor is formed into a single circular turn and carries the same current, what is the value of
S the magnetic field at the centre.
T
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