Indian Institute of Management Lucknow

Post Graduate Programme: QAM II

Quiz 1 2021: Section D, E & F
Course Instructor: Kaustav Banerjee

Full Marks: 10 Duration: 30 min

1. Suppose the amount of sun block lotion in plastic bottles leaving a filling machine has a
normal distribution. The bottles are labelled 300 ml but the actual mean is 302 ml and the
standard deviation is 2 ml.
(a) What is the probability that an individual bottle will contain less than 299 ml?
(b) If only 5% of the bottles have contents that exceed a specified amount w, what is the
value of w?
(c) Two bottles can be purchased together in a twin-pack. What is the probability that the
mean content of bottles in a twin-pack is less than 299 ml?
(d) If you purchase two twin-packs of the lotion, what is the probability that only one of the
twin-packs has a mean bottle content less than 299 ml? (2+2+3+3)
Ans. Let X denote the weight of a randomly selected bottle; X ∼ N (µ = 302, σ = 2).
(a) P (X < 299) = P (Z < −1.5) = 0.067
(b) P (X > w) = 0.05 ⇒ P (X < w) = P [Z < (w − 302)/2] = 0.95 ⇒ w = 305.29
√
(c) If X1 and X2 are weights of two randomly selected bottles, its mean weight X̄ ∼ N (302, 2/ 2).
√
So the probability is P (X̄ < 299) = P (Z < −3/ 2) = 0.017.
(d) If Y counts the number of twin-packs with mean bottle content less than 299 ml in a
sample of size n, Y ∼ B(n, p = 0.017). So P (Y = 1 | n = 2, p = 0.017) = 0.033