lAVE OpTICS

t h s e pbomo m a
aa l
t h e henoau
d Polarisaliern
raelion
lis perenee, be only
nplaineel only by WaN

that can
light arare
nalune 3 ga a ams vess
Aoves
that ight be
polasiaed

Po lara alhcin aves

t r a n s vehse

Onby
hygens Phunce/hle n lhu goru
ravels
b aves

the 60uree g kgbt

gl
nom a sow
hnghl l bvawells ack
a ck
Wawes amed
wv
a ae
vn ont
nO ut
on th
he djac leondary
wa
wawes

M Áiemdary
pont
pocnt
phoduces
Evy
kvory
iurdbamee
wueh
new dis lhe
i all du
unee
eeli
ioon
ns
nlh
n th
On warelea). i all
trann el
ravel
ivelits meduim. o Aa r d d
dru
echein
medum
he that
hat
wand
g h en W
W a
a v
v eelt
l z
l
i the ok
he

spe l 4hc cwawp

wavepo tt)
Cn ) ,

(Aeeondary
wlope
mt
he ware

gvs
all nois V DAating}
Vub/hatiiy
i u Sam
all pois
Cus e
Wiwypont; ho a
ppendisulas
p e p e u d i e u l a r

dhaum
Dhase Ane ght.
b a r i h l popogaon q
Ruy dlreeticvn

Wvepont n

Tupes avp

Woweho

8owre at

Domt Souce
mear [rsz Plame avehn
has dhherccal ugu
qindoical iwaveyents
wawehoMz
 AWS UE Re LECTION N /l4E 6AS S
OF WAvE THGOR
XY-Ayleuluig
Susaee
7 ABABL
AS d e u l Wavgho
LB6A
ABBqlaclied wavq
OO) wncideut rays
AB A lk plan
lhe helactma Suupace
t Xy be u a c at a
hsyecing
Aaveyhomt 7all9 hWaNepnt
n t on
he prumusy
po wowlet rm
e a t Km'
angh i. Eveny wawele
wavlui
Zhe
Vhe v
s0unte 9 t a tne
kime
arts as a
nmu
a
aFB n a
6'R
swyate wawelul tom A
Geaths
ta Aiyleeting
heplesticd
óame n n e raylete
dulanee (ve) ah
radus vt. Hem
kaavels
dhau am aht
Cenbe
dhe
A as
wilt a reylectec a
W aevf
eots
av nobnEt
oauw raaid
poeit AB 6 hh e
b
A5
pocul- Al
aatu g
l h aa s e le gleelioin
LA'B'A s snila
ahe
AB B AAlB

Se l= 86 yt
A A

muideu = auyleAyectarin
nOsAal e
amel 2 0 A R
ay
widud hay, heqlelid Aeleclid Rays
mcident hay ,0AQase
Same plane To4as mcolaat awaeysont

Phmcple, angh h
o ygis nednee
A ccohdumg agle
nlk le heyeabmg sua n kay
makes n c i dute
eapual to angde
angle mumrLCally eiavefad
angl the Adeclid
ngle q a c k o
Oplees uheylectin9 &rhaue (A)
Makes nlk
 raAlum Basis 0f
geis huony
V VzVa
med L s hane lhau
Jvt) Med L

Med l Y
Va
Ma

Censees a plame Haelny duae xYsapanalng L.

h a n ned

Meduim dunsen
nnedun and Medium 7. Lban
midum L 9healis
heed
nduurm la autane
keatlng e Xy XY
WaNefaont AB 7all on
eacdl 's'
l a end
Aa B
Rlane l sunae,
n f a t e ,
stikes
C. h edge A su
uae
a auw enga Aeached
reaehed
lle hgraetry
danelota
has
has nat 1nypml "phodic
Warcjkont
he ncideud
heaehh

Eve pou lake Konne

Ane
Lake Cv
C v dii
-d t))
6B Vt
Vt
wvelet hou a dislanee
d u l a n d

t ta a
iavellg A will Uarel
scaace
6 by [hHatid)
replern9 Wavelet a m a duslaue
tme met
r a sh
mlk a <ped V
diccnd
neeiu
Audaus d r a ama
ha
nlb
Colhe
and
amel Vat
Vat
ko Che aac
A as aa langeut
lageut
Wth deaw
at e d u u J k o m m 6 ' ,

a
A. AB
al pot iaeld Wawekon- AB'
muu
. hey rayrachou .
& ag
yhal e Juf
hepanný

maks
wlk lhe 4 2 a

BA e'-l
LAB'A=Lh

e r a l i
A AB

o = Conulant
V2
 lntoeterenee
ght enegy
u ou gutd
Tibulion 9
Redis
wheu Awp
woves
weves av clliy
lsAovs
dank
éupeafoé2
medumm
uclvely,a ugn uye
dypepo4e co e&e desauctorely a
Nhen Wavs
aud whue
honmed
Omed

Destruclve supesosiluvn

Conakndwie sip/0silhon CDark uge

(Bagbk e)

Was_&puposuug
4luo belween
Canancive uyek/0
Conelilion es a Crst l 9 : 2n1
phasc dy
eeeme

nA (-phase dyjenm
6/w 2 a v d = blaer
palk dyjAL 2 seyaosuy
belwceu
Saypespo&ilion

Desbiuclve
-(2nt)x

Conellioi oavs=Cos

Phas wavs 2-(21)

cnce 6l0 O,1, - -
dys
phalk
=(21 +1)2
(2n-)2
. D ExpeAment

lhe
S degt gw ye at
ptint P waves

pecitP henlel
kave a palh

P-S,P)
6/
oavea nA
P h a tyjeenee
 hegjmrd)
not
deuvation

CoNDI o r MAxIMA
ManiMA

meeb a a pomb P o
t waNes y
(wt+)
4 y =a
si iummKY

wave ; W
angular
wawu
meetng
at
P
g lt lhe
aamyhlade belwean
Enm, They Combme

enenee

Conslinchve

-phase
pomt P WaNe
eltes
u p e n p o s r b i n

d s t h u l n i e

Oh
u p e n p o s i u l i r i n

CnlWe+9
a
Cs ustu
Sn t + a
Cos d +
a
+a
S iSE
Ssuiht
a Ssi ht
S 9
a
Sui t
+ a
(a r a lod) -0

RCes
(a1 alad)
=

kut R Sui
a Sa 4 t
t +
RSuiS0 Cs
i
R Cs Marmome
R Senlwt0) imp
angulan aey a
aluo a
2
he hesiullanl w N
W i N t

ampulude R ame

S p e np 0Aed
Vaanhlulude oyoaA

WNe

k 9pnalir
eg O dd
a dm
dm g
e
add g
Seq
lad)+a
Cad t4
Sguararny

R
* i "9 =(a+a a*od+2a^

C0+
A RCs+Sa0) a
(S 0+u
aR+ a R + 2 a »

2 a 2 a A n

RR 2a(2 ) )
4a C a 2
R a Cn/
 R= 2 a C
he amuplulhude lh keunllaut Wave

po cnt P olpones n he hasr

aremce
wnimum
C4) =tl
Jogeta MANMmum
C =-/
Lhe nyrih po mg hawe erent anplulude
a in at - a,Su(st r¢)
- ay ah + &ila7+9)
above Case

MAX Cn : +I

man V af+at2aas = (ataa) ua =(a )

Cn - - l
Vata-2Aas (a-as) i Ru: =(q-a)
-phaak danetence
t! hen n n 0,1,.
s
Max mwm Whun 0 , 23,4K 6
Aynllude
= I213
Cn : -1 heu q =(2n-1) K - -

rmnlliad
pondluy palk di
paltko d
- p a l h diyeence lhu corAs ponduny
ilhu aCohAeA
lta phase dujeenee
is c9)
= *phass dujeenee
MAXmMa

á n - ) a =(n-)2
M M na
o

Ama Annilide Max M

MAN A
Cendilio gn R(+a) R-Ga
n-1)
phase di an

natk dgh A
an-)
3 -- n-ls23-
 aNe «(amp hinde ) *
L: KR*
I cR
ka,°+ /koy /ka, Cr d
kR ka',

MAx

ww (a-a.) CT-T) L (JL-JL) Cnd-

(a-1) -1

wam lnlmuy awp Lluda *

wadllk iE c Cnugy q

Wa

Pouilion of Manmna d Mimi m a d Hhuga hidlk=

D ExpAmul
P

/O

SChee
3,2 Sa af la
d-dulamme bel 0n h anel stnen
belw e m l
D- duslomto
SP o SaP heashumg lh
l h
rom wavu
hearhing
pupmduculan li
drop
a
d{Uenes
e
e lluo
o eemcen
SaA palh
palh
Sa A lu
'

on
pount p' vine p' 2om
hu po
odisdis kamce
hom 8 SSA Sui9 o mall angles
le Co P ta & 2
 d

SaA d
D
oget a 6hk_pge at p' , t palk dasjewmee shonld
le egal na C8A =na)

:'. Poulion nbnght rung

0 when n -0 al a Conbie 9 the stnnu
at a dus lamee
b h g h k qmge
m the Cemlie

2nd Brghe u n
o
Kn MAD nk Bghk

a darh ing atP , ke palk d howa

enpnal to )/a
n-)2.
D
D S dlank m g
2d
2
Ad dana
3d
3

m-1)aD

ueusawe brnghl- zaimnges

slame belseen
aidlw

suews4ve dask y c s
/ 2D| de lame BJo
 *

Ralation betoeen amcar po silion a augular po4ulion

Ralatioin
Amgularn D

- D

wngrlan andlli
D
mersed a moduum 3 heashwe
When l t appanalu
ndun

venaus
Posilion
nlinsily
w e m e Paltim

MANN
d
suslianesl mleseheme
Conelilions' to gek palinm
pallm Ahul
iis
s a
haltim
/alttinm
aa
nsMameel
mlbjeneme
doesuk ehang mlt lu
Minmna mininna
poAuuon
he po sdion
shonlel be Cahvent
SowrLes 4am ey wael4
shoulel emt
byaves
3
Sownces
nearly al ampulude
&hls l d be naho) D>>> d
mmo chaomalie phase dy
Condtaut
bamu ,a, )&
* Cohesenk 6ources brodue lighto
 abrlales edae
Bemouny 7 ughe anmnd
enelni ngh amed
and ught wams
olark mgs

S
B
D

Comng o m a r l have a Mane 47aousk

AB At on whreh lhe lan awefrout galls amol

lh waNes lonn throngh dphent agleá

a undlh 7 i dlik a u g hht]
eln en u l and
D dalaincu
narAy mal

P- po nil on he heum where ughl- ware atuuh

huongh an angle 0' mub

dbresvesd luz
hbugh ame dark hug n

eclher
V a y u n g nliuaiUg on
the Contral mapmia af 'O'

Cenbral/ Pruuripal Maxwna

h wavelt huëh travl mn
o lh sluk AB
lh
Thawel egpnal de lauess meat at 0 on

dtrten Ccentre) he aanelet start n phau and

meat sam phase loo gur a byhk
Called eantsal Manima n

ung
 Po sulin ldng alas ) q ecndasy Manm m (0u)
Naneli dhueh have tusnnd treng h

angl du ayhauon al

AB mee a l povat P h palh dyjnn

l wNelk AP A BP BB
hulw oun
466
AB

palk desB6'= a Sui&

palk d muL
po et p
at
tbliums
hubu Acd
AC
d c6
c8
umb &3pal
duvd a AMt A
helwen bwanes Coun om
h palk dypon hu hu
Cohespoudng ponl
P ont
amd a
AC Alhueh h Condilim
hagton
C6 unll be
darh 4
thlamud

a dark ugi
At (n 1 )

peshovi 3 " dash pange

8-u9ular
8u ila 27 Cm>2)
a a 0i
aguas
ptauloi q adash
Q

lka t A divided s {owm eaual past )

hin
hn
n* darh puge 2 -l23-
Augulan paukon
Angulah ndlk A0 3 deemdny bhl ujes
Cmanima
 Pankoi Leeondary Manuuna
ugular
a si 0 (2n+ )2 Ple
2/

g t ug Csendary)
Cdeendasy)

hn halk oheneu A4db 3 2

A
-fw *
i on
o n

dwLdluel
dvrélert enal pas
lash kugh pom / Aegon y
caneulled
om 2d hegron h e 3d part
0
heaehes sneen at P guwè

angulas pcslion 140wmdany

Mama
a Sur0 5

angulas psilioi g n
deendary anaMMA
Mgulas Anllk;09-07 = 3 nAMA

2nlanasly gts n derensmg .

ngular wdlk 3 enlral Marura

Co i augules Snasalon bet een
/St wnuma on lhis &de q Coubal la
MnMa
20
angulas unUl 3 Ceutras Mana

Augula s (t
Seevdaky MaaD nta
 Oaikaclwn Pallorm (Julmauly Vs Angular plan
dulwauhy

AAVIVM
32
inax wa) Cmmma)

hawe dam
luswem all bghk frju
mlinauly and n ollh

Condilion h oblaun falk dyj 7

maMA =

b6 bblan MM MA 4palk daf tantl2

Cmddnom
bave tam ndlk 2
unyis
ghe goeu on
iyparlLon adulinaulg
Cenkal MAxuni bghli
darrebbMA
MAMMA i pall adys =ntlla
oblaum
Condhbon
Cnndnhm
Cemlbal
manma 22
ndl 3
dugulas 2
detondasy ManwM .

ngula