WEEK 4-5

COPYRIGHT ISSUES AND TRADEMARKS

SPI101 - SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES

1. Describe and understand the copyright law of
the Philippines republic act NO. 8293 and
issues arises in this law.
2. Know the conflicts of interest and its sources
in the workplace
3. Understand what is an Ethics, Values and
Integrity

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 WEEK 4 – COPYRIGHT ISSUES AND TRADEMARKS

Copyright Law of the Philippines Republic Act

No. 8293

“AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CODE AND
ESTABLISHING THE INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY OFFICE, PROVIDING FOR ITS
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES”

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Plagiarism
• Plagiarism is the act of taking another
person's writing, conversation, song, or even
idea and passing it off as your own.
• This includes information from web pages,
books, songs, television shows, email
messages, interviews, articles, artworks or
any other medium.
• Main Point:
• Give the author/writer a CREDIT
• Provide your audience with information

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Plagiarism
According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, to "plagiarize" means:
1. to steal and pass off as one's own
2. to use without crediting the source
3. to commit literary theft
4. to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source

QUESTION:
• “But can words and ideas really be stolen”
• “What if the Information is something everybody knows?”
• “Is it possible to plagiarize yourself?”

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All of the following are considered plagiarism:

• turning in someone else's work as your own
• copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit
• failing to put a quotation in quotation marks
• giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation
• changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit
• copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your
work, whether you give credit or not

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Plagiarism in images, videos, and music

• Copying media from other websites to paste them into your own papers or websites.
• Making a video using footage from others’ videos or using copyrighted music as part
of the soundtrack.
• Performing another person’s copyrighted music.
• Composing a piece of music that borrows heavily from another composition.

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Plagiarism in images, videos, and music

Can be determine whether or not the copyrights of work are being violated.
1. A photograph or scan of a copyrighted image
2. Recording audio or video in which copyrighted music or video is playing in the
background.
3. Re-creating a visual work in the same medium.
4. Re-creating a visual work in a different medium
5. Re-mixing or altering copyrighted images, video or audio, even if done so in an
original way.

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Cybercrime law of the Republic Act 10175

“AN ACT DEFINING CYBERCRIME, PROVIDING

FOR THE PREVENTION, INVESTIGATION,
SUPPRESSION AND THE IMPOSITION OF
PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES”

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6 Ways to avoid Plagiarism

• Paraphrase
• Cite
• Quoting
• Citing Quotes
• Citing your own materials
• Referencing

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Ownership
• Ownership is the legal right to the possession
of a thing. The object of ownership can be
tangible such as personal property and land
or it can be intangible such as intellectual
property rights over musical, literary or
scientific creations of the mind.

• Ownership also includes rights allowing a

person to use and enjoy certain property. It
includes the right to convey it to others. It
can also be the state or fact of being an
owner.
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Kinds of ownership
1. Corporeal ownership.
2. Incorporeal ownership.
3. Sole ownership.
4. Co-ownership.
5. Legal ownership.
6. Equitable ownership.
7. Trust and beneficial ownership.
8. Vested ownership.
9. Contingent ownership.
10. Absolute ownership.
11. Limited ownership.

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Website Copyright
The basic design of a website is copyright, as are its contents, including text, graphics,
any audio or video, HTML and other markup code, lists of websites and links, as well as
any other original material.

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Creative Commons, Freeware, and Shareware

• These are valid globally and are based on copyright law. The Creative Commons
website asks a few simple questions, such as whether you want to allow commercial
use or derivative works, to determine the sort of license you need. A credit to the
creator is a fundamental part of this format
• Freeware and shareware are software offered free of charge, though shareware
often either restricts the software’s functions or includes a free trial time limit.
Removing the restrictions or time limit would breach copyright.
• Even freeware will usually have restrictions on modification and reverse engineering.
If you’re creating shareware or freeware, you can create a pre-download agreement.

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Length of Copyright
• Many people presume copyright is a brief thing, and that copying a work created ten
years ago is okay. Not so!
• There are different lengths of copyright for some media:
• 25 years for photographs
• 50 years for films.
• 70 years publication

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Breach of Copyright Abroad

• Many countries have signed up to the Universal Copyright Convention, or the World
Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty, which protects computer
software.
• Most countries have signed the earlier Berne Convention, and Wikipedia has a useful
list of which countries have signed up to which agreements. For work published
online, there is ongoing debate about how the “country of origin” should be defined.
• This legal website provides an interesting primer on how to undertake actions in
other countries.

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Exceptions
• Very short items are not covered by Philippine copyright, including names, titles, brief
phrases, or lists. However, you can cover some such items by use
of trademarks or patents (think McDonalds’ “I’m Lovin It”).

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Conflict of Interest in the Workplace

• What is a Conflict of Interest?

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Examples of Conflicts of Interest At Work

• Hiring an unqualified relative to provide services your company needs
• Starting a company that provides services similar to your full-time employer
• Failing to disclose that you’re related to a job candidate the company is considering hiring
• Making arrangements to work for a vendor or client at a future date while continuing to do business
with them
• Posting to social media about your company’s weaknesses
• Offering paid services on your time off to a company customer or supplier
• Working part-time at a company that sells a competing product or service as your full-time employer
• Accepting payment from another company for information about your employer
• Failing to investigate a subordinate or coworker’s wrongdoing because they are a friend
• Sharing confidential information about your employer with a competitor
• Dating or having a romantic relationship with a supervisor or subordinate

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Examples of Conflicts of Interest At Work

• Making a purchase or business choice to boost a business that you have a stake in
• Accepting a favor or a gift from a client above the amount specified as acceptable by the company
• Owning part of a business that sells goods or services to your employer
• Reporting to a supervisor who is also a close friend or family member
• Doing business or work for a competitor
• Accepting consulting fees and providing advice to another company for personal gain
• Sharing information in an interview about your employer’s activities or plans
• Taking advantage of confidential information learned on the job for your own benefit
• Cashing in on a business opportunity that your company might have pursued

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Sources of conflict of interest

Here are six common sources within an organization that may lead to interpersonal conflict:

1. LACK OF ROLE CLARIFICATION

2. POOR PROCESSES
3. COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS
4. LACK OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
5. LACK OF RESOURCES
6. UNREASONABLE TIME CONSTRAINTS

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Ethics, Values and Integrity

• Ethics
• Ethics is defined as a moral philosophy or code of morals practiced by a person or group of
people. An example of ethics is a the code of conduct set by a business. ... Business ethics deal
with ethics in business, and with the constant process of optimizing profitability in the context of
what is right and what is wrong.

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Ethics, Values and Integrity

• Values
• Values are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or actions. They help us
to determine what is important to us. Values describe the personal qualities we choose to
embody to guide our actions; the sort of person we want to be; the manner in which we treat
ourselves and others, and our interaction with the world around us. They provide the general
guidelines for conduct.

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Ethics, Values and Integrity

• Integrity
• Integrity can be defined as aligning your conduct with what you know to be excellent. A person of
integrity displays a principled dedication to values and beliefs. They always seek to reflect ethical
standards and do the right thing regardless of the circumstances.

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