QA/QC

Work Procedure
Q. What is QA/QC?

QA/QC means, “quality Assurance/Quality Control” the purpose of this (QA/QC) is to

establish the sequence of requirement for the quality of material, quality of works,its
inspection and records.
Quality Control (QC) is performing the necessary observations, testing and
documentation that verify the work performed meets or exceeds the minimum standards
established by the project specifications or contract. Quality control involves the routine
and systematic inspections and tests that are conducted to verify that each phase of the
work is in compliance with the specification. Quality control is the contractor’s
responsibility.

Q. What is ITP’s?
ITP means “Inspection and Test Plan” details of work scope and required types of
Inspections.

Q. What are hold and witness Points?

Hold Point (H) is the level of inspection that client inspection must required through RFI
and cannot be proceed until inspection is done by client.
a) Hold Points (H): The inspection activity will not proceed without the presence
of client Inspector.
Witness Point (W) is the level of inspection that inspection activity can be preceded
without client inspection or client is not available as per RFI timing.
b) Witness Points (W): Inspection activities can be proceeding after issuing RFI.

Q. What are basic responsibilities of QA/QC personals?

To ensure the execution of works and comply fully as per standard and approved specs.

Q.What are the basic required documents for a QA/QC personal?

The basic required documents QA/QC personal are as following:
ITP: This procedure informed about the kinds of quality check (surveillance, inspection,
witness or hold points) means quality of work being done in proper sequences.
ITP:to conduct the Quality check (inspection/witness/surveillance) etc.
Surveillance (S):Inspector has right to conduct random inspection of works.
WP:(Work Procedure) standard procedure to execute the works.
:WP (Work Procedure) to check each and every step as per spec.
NCR: To issue a warning in case of serious violation of standard. (Non Compliance Report)
: NCR(Non Compliance Report) for issuing in case of major violation etc.
RFI:To conduct the inspection of completed works.(Request for Inspection)
P&ID:as a reference to ensure that the work is as per standard drawing.
: P&ID for line inspection
MTC:To ensure that the material complies the PES standard specs. Material Test Certificate
PP:To ensure that the Instruments are installed as per P&ID and PP as per convenience.
: PP for location
QR: To maintain the quality records of completed works etc.
:QR for maintaining record.
QCS:To issue a warning in case of little violation and observationQuality Control Specification
Calibration Report: To ensure parameters are function checked as per IDS
Hook Up: To ensure that the remote connection of pneumatic is done correctly.
:Hook-up etc. For remote tubing/air line
Wiring Diagrams: To ensure that the wiring is done correctly.
: Wiring diagram for wiring details.
QCP:This procedure address the activities and requirement in details
: QCO for issuing in case of little violation.
:Data Sheet for calibration and pressure test.
IDS/ISS:To ensure that the instrument comply with the basic requirement.

Q.What are the difference between Inspection, Surveillance, witness and Hold point?
Inspection : Work can be execute without clients inspection and it can be Inspect some
part of them if it required.
Surveillance (S):Inspector has right to conduct random inspection of works.
Witness: (W) is the level of inspection that inspection activity can be preceded without
client inspection, or client is not available as per RFI timing. Work can be executed
without client inspection and then it can be inspected upon the completion of work.
Hold Point: (H) is the level of inspection that client inspection must require through RFI
and cannot be proceed until inspection is done by client. or Work can’t be executed
without client inception.
A1 100% Actual Inspection / Test H Mandatory Hold Point
W1 100 % Witness Inspection/Test H1 100% Hold Point for QC Inspection or
Test
W2 Sample Witness Inspection/Test H2 Sample Hold Point for QC Inspection or
Test
R1 100% Review of Documents RH1 100% Review and Approval of
Documents
R2 Sample Review of Documents RH2 Sample Review and Approval of
Documents
S1 Surveillance S2 10% Surveillance
Q.What is final RFI? When it shall be raised up?
When the QA/QC department of contractor is satisfied that the work detailed in the
construction RFI is completed then request submitted for inspection to the client QA/QC
department.
Q.What is NCR? Why does it need for a QA/QC personal?
NCR means Non‐Compliance Report, QA/QC personal has reserve the right to issue a
warning if the contractor doesn’t comply or violate with the standard procedure.
: NCR (Non Compliance Report) for issuing in case of major violation etc.
Q.Whatare the general work procedures (WP)?
a) Receiving Drawing and Documents
b) Reproductionof Drawings
c) Issuing ofDrawing to site
d) New‐Issuing New Revisions
e) ShreddingofDrawings
f) RedliningDrawings
g) Transmittal of redlines to Client (As-built)
h) Restricted access to the DCO
i)Work Permit prior to start the works
j)Record

Q.What is redlining? Brief itscolorcoding.

in case of any change occur to thestandard approveddrawing while the project is being
constructed or tested the relevant drawing will be“redlined”.Following color coding shall
be used for this purpose
Red:if any addition required in the drawing.
Green:If any deletion required fromthe drawing.
Blue:if any comment is added.
Q.WhatIs schedule
Q?Schedule Q is an attachment to the contract, which is the provision of Quality
Assurance and Control, Inspection and Test Plan.

Electrical.
o Area Classification Drawings
o One-Line Diagrams
o Low and Medium Voltage Substation Design
 o Power Distribution System Analysis
o Fault Current Studies
o Capacitor Banks
o Motors and Motor Control Centers
o Motor Control Schematics
o Cable Tray Design
o Underground Duct Banks
o Induction and Synchronous Motor Applications
o Variable Speed Drive Applications
o Resistance Heat Tracing
o Inductive Heat Tracing
o Grounding Systems
o UPS Systems
o Junction Boxes, Terminations, and Grounding
o Conduit Plans and Details
o Cabling and Wiring Systems
o Lightning and Surge Protection
o Intrinsic Safety Systems
o Fiber Optic Systems
o Communication Systems
o Security Systems
o Electrical Design for Hazardous Locations
Q.Whatare area classifications? Give a brief.
As per NEC and NACA, following are the hazard classification;
Class I :Location in which flammable gases or vapors may be present in the atmosphere
in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixture.

Class I gases/vapors are divided into four following groups Group

A:Presence of AcetyleneGroup
B:Presence of Hydrogen,Butadiene,Ethylene Oxide etc.Group
C:Presence of Ethylene,Cyclo-Propane,Carbon‐Mono Oxide etc.Group
D:Presence of Gasoline,Acetone,Butane,Propane,Alcohol, natural gas (Methane) etc.
Class II :Location in which the presence of combustible dust are in the air in sufficient
quantity to ignite or explode.
Class II conductive/non-conductive dust is divided into three as below:
Group E: Presence of metal dusts (Aluminum, Magnesium and chemical dusts ).
Group F: Presence of black carbon, charcoal, coal or coke dusts etc.
Group G: Presence of non-conductive dust (foam,starch,combustible plastic etc).
Class III:Location in which easily ignitable fibers or flying are present but are not likely
to be in suspension in air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixture.
Division–1:The Hazards are present continuously or periodically under normal operation
condition.
Division–2:The Hazards are only presents during accidental or abnormal conditions.
FAT:Factory Acceptance Test
SAT:Site Acceptance Test
Q.What is the minimum information required on a classified area drawing.
1. Differentiation between the classified and non‐classified locations.
2. Minimum AIT (Auto Ignition Temperature) of the gas/vapor.
3. Differentiation between the groups.
4. Classified areas to be shown in plan and elevation.

Q.What is difference between Hazardous and Non Hazardous area?

Hazardous: A Hazardous location is defined as an area where a potential for fire or
explosion exist due to the presence of flammable gases, liquid or vapors, combustible
dusts or fibers and flying in sufficient quantities to produce an explosion or ignitable
mixture.
Non-Hazardous: An area where no risk of presence of any kinds exposition.

Q.Whatare Zone classifications? Give a brief. .

Zone classification is defining the area of hazards, they are as below

Zone–0: A zone in which explosions gas/air mixture is continuously present or
present for extended periods, during normal operation
Zone–1: A zone in which explosions gas/air mixture is likely to occur in normal
operation.
Zone–2: A zone in which explosions gas/air mixture is not likely to occur in the
normal operation and if it occurs, it will only exist for a short time.
Zone–10: A zone in which explosive dust atmosphere is present continuously or for
extended periods of time.
Zone–11 :A zone in which there is likelihood that explosive atmosphere may occur
for short periods due to unsettled dust layers.

Q.Whatare the standard heights to install the instruments?

A standard height to install the instruments is 1‐4 meters, but it can vary less or more as
per location’s convenience.
Q.What is Loop–Check?
To ensure that the system wiring from field to control console functioning.

Q.Explain tuning of controller;

Tuning basically involves adjustment of a+I+D parameters to achieve good control.The
gain, time, constants & dead time around the loop will dictate the settings of various
parameters of controllers.
a) Closed Loop Method : Ultimate gain method
b) Open Loop Method : process reaction curve

Q.Whatare inspection points for field instruments with impulse tubing?

Material inspection as per approved spec material,type and size,installation as per
Hook‐up,check line route to avoid any obstruction, check tube bending and check tube
support,compression fitting of ferrules and then test (Hydro‐static test) shall be done.

Q.Whatare inspection points for cable laying?

Material inspection as per approved materials, type and size,meggeringcable routing
drawing, completion of cable route (tray, conduit or trench etc) and cable numbering
(tags),cable bending, use of proper tools and equipment for cable pulling.

Q.Whatare inspection points for Junction Box and Marshaling Cabinets?

Material inspection, type size as per approved specification, installation hook-up for
frame, bracket or stands, fixed properly means shaking free, Name Plate and Tag No.
Q.Whatare standard methods of Ferrules addressing to and from a Junction Box?
For to side only Terminal’s Address required which shall be close to terminal either side
and complete information shall be offfrom side after or before as per left and right side.

Q.What are the previous levels of inspection?

Explain they are as following:
Level of Inspection for Material

a)Level 0: Documents requirements only, no Inspection

b) Level1: Inspection prior to shipping.
c) Level2: Minimum requirements,pre‐inspection meetings, one or more
unspecified “in progress” surveillance visits.
d)Level3: Same as level 2,except that “in progress” surveillance inspection shall
be in regular basis.
e)Level4: Resident Inspector continuously monitors the works. Level of
Inspection for construction phase :
c) Review (R):Verification of documentation (NMR) on its correctness as per spec and
approved drawings.
d) Surveillance (S):Inspector has right to conduct random inspection of works.
e)(I) Inspect (P) Perform Test (T):Construction can be proceeding to next phase without
client inspection.

Q.What is meant by term “EXPLOSION PROOF”

Equipment designed to withstand an internal explosion and to prevent the ignition of
GAS/VAPOR outside the enclosure.

Nec
Standard Nema For Motar Standard ? 5
REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS 110
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION 240
grounding 250
WIRING METHODS 300
CABINETS, CUTOUT BOXES, AND METER SOCKET ENCLOSURES 312
314
OUTLET, DEVICE, PULL, AND JUNCTION BOXES; CONDUIT BODIES; FITTINGS; AND HANDHOLES
ARMORED CABLE: TYPE AC 320
MEDIUM VOLTAGE CABLE: TYPE MV_______________________________________________ 328
METAL-CLAD CABLE: TYPE MC____________________________________________________ 370
MOTORS, MOTOR CIRCUITS, AND CONTROLLERS nec 430
AIR-CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATING EQUIPMENT nec 440
Transformer nec 450
switchgare and panel bord hazard area 500

Sabic Standards
Sabic
E02-G01 electrical criteria E04-S01,S02,S03 transformer E06
EO7 for motors gen E 11-SO1,SO2,S03 for grounding E12
for dc system E 20 fo lighting
E22 for cables termination E 23 for conduie E24
cable tray E 26 underground and E29 for catholic
protection.

Saudi Aramco Documents

SAMSS-502 Metal Enclosed low voltage switchgears
SAES-P-116 Switchgears & Control Equipments
SAES-P-113 Motor & generator.
SAES-P-116 Switchgears & Control Equipments
SAES-P-121 Transformers and reactor
SAES-P-100 Basic Power Design Criteria
SAES-P-111 Grounding
SAES-P-104 Wiring &Cables test methods.
SAES-P-101 Regulated VENDOR list for Electrical Equipment
SAES -B-055 Plant Layout
SAES -P-121 Transformers, Reactors, Voltage regulators.
SAES -P-103 Batteries and U.P.S System
SAES- B-068 Electrical area Classifications
SAES-J-902 Electrical systems for Instrumentation
SAES-P-123 Lighting
SAES-P-119 Onshore Substations
SATIP Saudi Aramco Tipical Inspection Plan
SAIC Saudi Aramco Inspection Checklist
SATR Saudi Aramco Test Report

IECStandards
IEC 60034 Rotating Electrical Machines
IEC 60060 High-voltage test techniques
IEC 60071 Insulation co-ordination
IEC 60076 Power Transformers
IEC 600156 Insulating liquids – determination of the breakdown
voltage at power frequency. Test method.
IEC 60364-4-41 Electrical installation of building – Protection for safety Protection
against electric shock
IEC 60502-2 Power cables with extruded insulation for rated voltage
from 1kV up to 30kV
IEC 60599 Mineral oil – impregnated electrical equipmentin service.
Guide to the interpretation of dissolved and free gases
IEC 62271 High voltage switchgear and control gear
IEC 60694 Common specification for HV switchgears andcontrol gear
standards
Saudi Aramco Forms and Data Sheets
Form SA – 7823 Saudi Aramco H.V Cable Test Records.
Saudi Aramco Precommissioning Forms
Form P – 004 Cables –Medium Voltage
Form P –005 Cables – High Voltage
Precommissioning Execution
IEC 60034 Rotating Electrical Machines
IEC 60060 High-voltage test techniques
IEC 60071 Insulation co-ordination
IEC 60076 Power Transformers
IEC 600156 Insulating liquids – determination of the breakdown
voltage at power frequency. Test method.
IEC 60364-4-41 Electrical installation of building – Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60502-2 Power cables with extruded insulation for rated voltage
from 1kV up to 30kV
IEC 60599 Mineral oil – impregnated electrical equipment in
service. Guide to the interpretation of dissolved and free gases
IEC 62271 High voltage switchgear and controlgear
IEC 60694 Common specification for HV switchgears and controlgear
International Electro technical Commission
IEC 60227 Polyvinyl Chloride Insulated Cables of Rated Voltages up to and Including
450/750 V
IEC 60228 Conductors of Insulated Cables
IEC 60332-1 Tests on Electric Cables under Fire Conditions Part: 1 Test on a single
vertical insulated wire or cable
IEC 60332-3 Test on Electric Cable under Fire Conditions

Institute Of Electrical And Electronic Engineers

IEEE 386 Separable Insulated Connector Systems for Power Distribution Systems
above 600V
IEEE 442 IEEE Guide for Soil thermal Resistively Measurements
IEEE 835 IEEE Standard Power Ampacity Tables

Nema ve2, This Publication Address Shipping, Handling, Storing, And Installation Cable
Tray System .Information And Maintenance Also Modification.

Nema ve1, This Specification Help ,We Can Design Cable Tray According To (Cec)And
(Nec).

NEMA VE 1 Metallic Cable Tray Systems

NEMA VE 2 Shipping, Handling, Storing, And Installation Cable Tray System
.Information And Maintenance Also Modification.
NEMA 250 Enclosures for Electrical Equipment 1000 Volts Maximum)
NEMA FG 1 Fiberglass Cable Tray Systems
NEMA RN 1 (PVC) Polyvinyl – Chloride Externally Coated Galvanized (RGS) Rigid
Steel Conduit and Intermediate Metal Conduit
NEMA ICS 6 Enclosures for Industrial Control and System
NEMA TC 2 TC 6&8, Sec. 3.1.2 duct bank
NEMA TC 8 Extra – Strength PVC Plastic Utilities Duct for Underground Installation
NEMA WC 5 Thermoplastic - Insulated wire and Cable for the (ICEA S-61-402)
Transmissions and Distribution of Electrical Energy.
NEMA WC 7 Cross –Linked – thermosetting – polyethylene- insulated Wire and Cable
for the Transmission & Distribution of Electrical Energy ICEA S-66-524)
NEMA WC 8 Ethylene – propylene – rubber - insulated Wire and (ICEA S-68-516)
Cable for the Transmission & Distribution of Electrical Energy

Q.Per Aramco Standards, what is minimum separation between low voltage power
cables and instrumentation cables in cable trays.
Minimum “300 mm.”

Q.Per NEC, what is the maxm. Distance between supports for 2 inch rigid steel
conduit.
Horizontal : 4.9 mtrs. (16 Feet) Vertical:6mtrs.As Per NEC Article –Table 344:30 (B) (2)
See SAES B‐068, Para 5.3

Q.Per Saudi Aramco standard, what is the minimum size of grounding grid
conductor [cable]?
70mm2

Q.PerNEC,what would be the size of equipment grounding copper conductor for

equipment protected by overcurrent device rated 600 amperes?
NEC-article :250 Table‐122. 1 AWG copper (35‐50mm2)or 2/0 AWG copper–clad
(70mm2)
Low And Medium Voltages Wire Distance And Depth ?
High to medium 1000 mm
13.8kv and 4.16 kv 300 mm
between 0.48 kv 150 mm
medium 200 mm
in duct bank between 50 mm (2”) pipe 160mm
and conduit 160 mm
till 13.8 kv, between cable tray 300 mm
,between cable tray 100 and tray hight also 100mm

Cable tray assesries ……

1. Standard (L-Shaped) Splice Plates
2. Expansion (L-Shaped) Splice Plates
3. Horizontal Adjustable Splice Plates
4. Vertical Adjustable Splice Plates
5. Offset Reducing Splice Plate
6. Tray to Box Splice Plates
7. Frame Type Box Connector
8. Blind End
9. Ribbed Neck Carriage Bolt
10. Ground Clamp
11. Bonding Jumper
12. Threaded Rod (ATR) & Rod Coupling
13. Ladder Drop-Out
14. Vertical Bend Barriers
15. Cantilever Bracket
16. Under floor Support
17. Combination Hold Down & Cover Clamp
18. Trapeze Support Kit
19. Beam Clamp
Q.Per NEC, what would be the size of grounding electrode copper conductor for
alternating current system having largest service conductor sized 350 kcmil?
1600 AMP. Copper conductor 4/0 AWG 120mm

Q.How the grounding conductor would be connected to underground grounding

grid?
a)Bythermite welding or brazing.
b) By approved grounding compression connectors.

Q.On electrical equipment being used in hazardous area you may see the letter UL
or C.S.A, what do these abbreviations stand for?
UL–Under Writer LaboratoriesC.S.A–Canadian Standard Association

Q.What type of conduit must be used within Class Ι zone 0/1 area?
Threaded Rigid Metal Conduit.

Q.How many threads must be engaged to make a joint EXPLOSIONPROOF?

5 Full Threads NEC 501‐4(A)(1) requires threaded connection to be made up with at
least 5 threads fully engaged.

Q.How to minimize the effect of breathing in conduit installation?

Low point drain and breather shall be provided.
Q.Name type of cables suitable for class1, division1 and division2locations?
Class1, division 1,and division2 locations suitable cable is XLPE,Polyethylene,EPR
,Armored cable.
Q.How many degrees bend permitted in a conduit run?
360°between pull box to pull box.
Q.What is the color code of grounding neutral and phase conductor?
Grounding‐Green
Neutral – White
Phase – Black

Q.What is minimum temperature rating for low voltage?

90°C Dry & 75 C Wet

Q.Name the type of tests required for testing following cables:

•Medium voltage power cables – Megger test & DC High Potential test
•Catholic protection – Holiday test
•Low voltage cables– Megger test & continuity est.

Q.Name some of the tests required for testing following equipment:

1.Oiltype transformers – Winding test and Ratio test
2.Electrical Motors – Winding test, Resistance test, Megger test
3.Batteries– specific gravity, voltage, current
4.Circuit Breakers– Megger&Ductortest,primary current Trajection test

Q.What is the NEMA rating for electrical enclosures installed in the

followingenvironments:
1.Indoor – NEMA –article –250
2.Outdoor – 3R ,3CR4
3. Corrosive environment–4X
Q.Whatare the most important things to check on lighting fixture installed in a
hazardous location? And where these need to be shown?
To be check and confirm fixture are explosion proof it should shown in fitting name flute
itself.
Q.Per Aramco standard, what are the acceptable types of underground conduits?
Threaded rigid steel hot dip galvanized and pre coated.
Q.What is IEEE standard work clearance around high voltage transformers?
Minimum –10 feet 3mtrs. as per NEC table–110.31

Q.How do you determine the correctsize equipment ground conductor for a

1600amp.Overcurrent device?
As per NEC –article.Table –250 – 122‐Ground Conductor for –4/0 AWG–120mm2

Q.Whereare conduit supports required for rigid steel?

Horizontal : 3 mtrs vertical :6 mtrs. As per NEC–344.30

CONDUIT

Q.What is the minimum size of conduit for instrumentation and its support distance
1.A conduit outlet box shall be installed within 18 inches of the field device, and the
cable to the Instrument shall be looped one or more timeswithin this fitting.
2.Flexible conduit shall be used at the instrument end of the conduit to provide isolation
from vibration and protection against thermal expansion of the rigid conduit.
3.Conduit above ground in severe corrosive environments shall be PVC coated
min.thickness is 40 mils per NEMA RN 1.
4.Conduit fittings for outdoor rigid steel conduit and liquid tight flexible metal conduit
shall be cast or forged steel, cast iron or malleable iron, either hot-dip galvanized or zinc
electroplated (no aluminum fittings or fittings accessories shall be used in outdoor
installation)
5.Conduit and cable entries to field junction boxes shall be through the bottom.Top
entries are allowable and provide a drain seal installed on the conduit within 18 inches
away from the enclosure.

CABLE TRAY

Q.Whatare inspection points for a cable tray installation?

Material check as per approved spec, size and type, trays hook‐up, proper distance
structure, tray to tray i.e. Power/control/signal/low voltage and high voltage, support and
fixed strong not shaking
A. The maximum spacing between expansions joints shall be based on a temperature
differential of 55 deg. Can expansion gap settings shall be in accordance with the
recommendations of NEMA VE 2 based on the temperature of 0 deg.C and a maximum
temperature of 55 deg.C.
B.All fasteners used to connect and assemble the cable tray system shall be 316 SS.
C.Cable tray shall be grounded as required in SAES‐P‐111.
D.Cable tray fill shall comply with NEC Article 392.
ENCLOSURES

A.Enclosures’ forInstrument in outdoor plant areas shall be NEMA Type 4 in accordance

with NEMA ICS 6 and NEMA 250 or IEC 60529 Type IP 65.Enclousure in severe
corrosive environments shall be NEMA Type 4X or IEC 60529 Type IP 66.
B.The Junction Box in a class1 Zone 2 location and d in Hazardous areas shall be a single
door NEMA Type 4X or IEC 60529 Type IP 66 box. The box construction shall meet the
following requirements.

CONNECTIONS atFIELD INSTRUMENTS and JUNCTION BOX

A.Connections at field instruments shall be screw type terminal blocks. Wire nuts and
spring type terminals shall not be used. Instruments’ with integral terminal blocks shall
be connected directly to the field cable.
B.The outer jacket of shielded twisted single pair/triad cables shall be left intact up to the
point of termination. Drain wires and Mylar shields on shielded cables shall be cut and
insulated with heat shrink sleeve at the field instrument unless otherwise specified by the
Instrument manufacturer.
C.Twisted multi-pair triad cables shall be cut to the appropriate length to minimize
looping and flexing of the cable within the junction box.

COLOR CODING Power and signal wiring shall be color coded as follows:

AC Supply
Phase Black
Neutral White
Ground Green or green with yellow tracer
DC Supply
Positive Red or red sleeve over any color except green
Negative Black or black sleeve over any color exceptgreen
Signal Pair
Positive Black
Negative White
Signal Triad
Positive Black
Negative White
Third Wire Red
17.2Safety Ground
17.2.1 All exposed non‐current‐carrying metallic parts that could become energized
with hazardous potentials must be reliably connected to the equipment grounding circuits.
This assures that hazardous potential differences do not exist between individual
instrument cases or between an instrument case and ground. Therefore, all metal
equipment and enclosures within a panel or series of panels (i.e., instrument cases,hinged
doors, racks, etc.) shall be bonded with bonding jumpers and connected to a safety
ground bus with a minimum copper wire size of 4mm²cross‐sectional area. Two copper
conductors, 25mm² minimum, shall be connected from the safety ground bus to a single
tie point on the safety ground grid in a closed loop configuration. Safety ground
connections must be made such that when a case‐grounded instrument is removed, the
integrity of the rest of the safety ground system is maintained.

17.2.2 Enclosure for field instruments shall be grounded as follows: (J‐902)

17.2.2.1 Instruments Operating at greater than 50 Volts
The enclosure for Instrument devices operating at 120 V AC or 125 VDC shall be
grounded per SAES‐P‐111.
Instrument CircuitGround (J902)

17.3.1 The purpose of instrument circuit grounding is to reduce the effect of

electrical interference upon the signal being transmitted. An instrument circuit ground
bus shall be provided for consolidating instrument signal commons and cable shield drain
wires. This ground bus shall be isolated from the safety ground system except at a single
tie point as described below.
Purging for Reduction of NEC Area Classification
Insulation Material Rated temperature

PVC 70 C

EPR (Ethylene-Propylene 90 C
Rubber) & HF EPR (Halogen
Free EPR)

XLPE (Cross-Linked 90 C
Polyethylene) & HF XLPE
(Halogen Free XLPE)

Zone of Hazardous Area Description as per IEC 60079-10

Zone 0 an area in which an explosive gas atmosphere

is present continuously or for long periods
orfrequently
Zone 1 an area in which an explosive gas atmosphere
is likely to occur in normal
operationoccasionally

Zone 2 area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is

not likely to occur in normal operation but, if
itdoes occur, will persist for a short
period only

Non Hazardous Area an area in which an explosive gas atmosphere

is not expected to be present in
quantitiessuch as to require special
precautions for the construction,
installation and use of equipment

Gas Group Description as per IEC 60079-20

Group I equipment for mines susceptible to

firedamp

equipment for places with an

explosive gas atmosphere other
than mines

susceptible to firedamp
Group II Group IIA Methanol, Benzene,
Methane etc

Group IIB Ethanol etc

Group IIC Hydrogen etc

Temperature Class Gas or Vapour Auto Ignition Temperature as

per IEC 60079-20

T1 > 450 oC
T2 300<T<=450

T3 200<T<=300

T4 135<T<=200

T5 100<T<=135

T6 85<T<=100

Ex Electrical Protection Type Description Suitable for Zone

Ex “d” Flameproof enclosure Zone 1, Zone 2

Ex “e” Increased safety Zone 1, Zone 2

Ex “ia” Intrinsic safety Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2

Ex “ib” Intrinsic safety Zone 1, Zone 2

Ex “ic” Intrinsic safety Zone 2

Ex “nR” Restricted breathing Zone 2

Cable Cross Rcable

Sectional Area
1.0 mmsq 20 OHM/km
1.5 mmsq 15 OHM/km
2.5 mmsq 10 OHM/km
Recommended Instrumentation Cables Construction for Offshore Platform

Typical Instrumentation Cables Construction for Offshore Platform

Conductor Tinned annealed copper conductor according

to IEC 60228 cl. 2

Insulation HF-EPR according to IEC 60092-

351Thickness as per IEC 60092-376

Screen (Individual & Overall for Analog Aluminum / Polyester tape, copper drain
Signal Cable, Overall only for Digital Signal wire according to IEC 60092-
Cable) 350Thickness as per IEC 60092-376

Inner and Outer Sheath thermosetting Halogen-free SHF2 according

to IEC 60092-359Thickness as per IEC
60092-376

Armor Galvanized Steel Wire Braid (GSWB)

according to IEC 60092-350

Voltage Rating 150 V/250 V (300 V) according to IEC

60092-376

Exposure to Fire Flame Retardant (for general service)

according to IEC 60332

Fire Resistant (for critical system)

according to IEC 60331

Low smoke emission according to

IEC 61034

Halogen Free emission according to

IEC 60092-350
Environment Condition Water, oil, UV, & gas/vapor tight resistant

Standards Voltage Grade Insulation Test Voltage

(Polyethylene)
Thickness
BS 5308 300 V core to For conductor 1000 V a.c. for
earth, 500 V core nominal area 1 minute.
to core (300
1.00 mmsq
V/500 V)
shall be
nominally 0.6
mm and
minimum 0.5
mm
IEC 60092 series 150V core to For conductor 1500 V a.c. for
earth, 250V core nominal cross 5 minutes.
to core, and 300V
sectional area
maximum highest
system voltage per 1.0 mmsq
IEC 60092-376. shall be 0.5
Stated as 150 mm
V/250 V (300 V)
a.c.

Insulation resistance shall not be less the following values

Maximum Rating of Maximum Test Voltage DC Recommend Minimun

Equipment in Volts in Volts Insolation Resistance
in Megahms
250 500 25
600 1,000 100
6,000 2,500 1,000
8,000 2,500 2,000
15,000 2,500 5,000
25,000 5,000 20,000
35,000 15,000 100,000
46,000 15,000 100,000
69,000 15,000 100,,000