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  • New Right Perspective and Weberian

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    Louis Zo Rabearison
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    The document summarizes key ideas and criticisms of two sociological perspectives: Structuration theory emphasizes the relationship between social structure and individual action. It views society as stratified along dimensions like class, gender, and ethnicity. However, critics argue it overemphasizes subjective interpretations and downplays the influence of social structures. Neoliberalism emphasizes individual freedom in the market and limited government. It views people as rational actors and capitalism as the best economic system. But critics argue it ignores inequalities, treats people as selfish rather than shaped by culture, and lacks empirical evidence for some of its claims like the idea of a dependency culture.

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    The document summarizes key ideas and criticisms of two sociological perspectives: Structuration theory emphasizes the relationship between social structure and individual action. It views society as stratified along dimensions like class, gender, and ethnicity. However, critics argue it overemphasizes subjective interpretations and downplays the influence of social structures. Neoliberalism emphasizes individual freedom in the market and limited government. It views people as rational actors and capitalism as the best economic system. But critics argue it ignores inequalities, treats people as selfish rather than shaped by culture, and lacks empirical evidence for some of its claims like the idea of a dependency culture.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    6 views1 page

    New Right Perspective and Weberian

    Uploaded by

    Louis Zo Rabearison
    The document summarizes key ideas and criticisms of two sociological perspectives: Structuration theory emphasizes the relationship between social structure and individual action. It views society as stratified along dimensions like class, gender, and ethnicity. However, critics argue it overemphasizes subjective interpretations and downplays the influence of social structures. Neoliberalism emphasizes individual freedom in the market and limited government. It views people as rational actors and capitalism as the best economic system. But critics argue it ignores inequalities, treats people as selfish rather than shaped by culture, and lacks empirical evidence for some of its claims like the idea of a dependency culture.

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    Key Ideas Key Criticisms

    · Structuration (Social Action Social Structure)


    · Pluralism · Over-emphasis on motives, interpretations of individuals
    · Market position (economic dimension of stratification) · Emphasis on subjective interpretations of individuals downgrades
    · Conflict (across class, gender, age, ethnicity, region, etc.). importance of social structures
    · Class (Market position), Status and Party (organised power) = basis for · Theoretical separation between Structure and Action not empirically
    stratification justifiable
    · Life Chances · Impossible to clearly identify social classes
    · Status groups and Interest groups · Fatalistic view of materialism, bureaucracy and Capitalism (successful
    · Bureaucracy Communist revolution impossible)
    · Modernisation and Rationalisation · Can social structures be reduced to individual actions and motivations?
    · Power (coercive and authority types) · Over-emphasis on cultural conditions and changes at expense of
    · Objectivity (personal) and Subjectivity (Verstehn or "empathy") economic conditions and changes.
    · Multi-causal analysis (e.g. Religion and Capitalism)
    · Meanings and Interpretations Key Critics: Newby and Lee, Crompton, Marshall, Abercrombie and Urry.
    · Ideal Type
    · Value freedom
    Key Names: Weber, Dahrendorf, Giddens, Haralambos, Goldthorpe / Lockwood

    www.sociology.org.uk www.sociology.org.uk

    Key Ideas Key Criticisms

    · Economic freedom (Neo-Liberalism) · Over-emphasis on Individuals at expense of social structures


    · Rationality (of individuals) / Consumer choice · Ignores inequalities of class, gender, status, power
    · Cost / Benefit analysis · Double Moral Standards (economic freedom but strict control of family
    · Free Capitalist Markets (Market Economies) life)
    · Individual superior to the Collective (Anti-Collectivism - eg. Anti- Union) · Political propaganda rather than analysis
    · Underclass theory (Murray) · New Right Realism (Deviance) - ignores white-collar crime / crimes of
    · Welfare dependency / Dependency culture powerful
    · Limited role of State / Government (Defence, Public Order) · Are human beings "naturally selfish / self-seeking"?
    · State as "oppressive of individual freedom" · Ignores role of culture in the shaping of social identities
    · Traditional family roles / gender relationships · Total "freedom of action for individual" impossible in modern, complex,
    · Anti-socialist / Pro-Capitalist societies
    · Capitalism is highest form of economic organisation / society possible · Dependency Culture = unproven assertion
    · Nature (biology / genes) more important than Nurture (environment) · Underclass theory not proven
    · Libertarianism · Little or no empirical research / evidence to support New Right theories
    Key Names: Hayek, Friedman, Thatcher, Reagan, Wilson, Van Den Haag. ·
    P.Morgan, Phillips. Key Critics: All variants of Feminism, Marxism (Traditional and Neo)

    www.sociology.org.uk www.sociology.org.uk

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