ACTIVITY 1

1. WHAT IS SOCIAL WELFARE

In my own simple terms, social welfare means a statutory procedure or social effort designed to promote
the basic physical and material well-being of people in need.
to further tackle, social welfare goals includes healthcare, empowerment, housing and other programs
geared towards assisting the poor, unemployed and marginalized in society. It’s an organized system of concern
of people and system of response to answer this issues; there are many examples of organized groups,
agencies and programs who’s advocating for peoples welfare, these are the DSWD, INSURANCE
COMPANIES, 4P’S, SSS, PAG-IBIG, PHILHEALTH and NON GOVERNMENT ORAGANIZATIONS (NGO).
Now, to encapsulate, social welfare are “Everything that men do for the good of society” this is an important
part of studying social work for this will helps us better our understanding for our job and responsibilities in the
near future.

2. WHAT IS SOCIAL SERVICES?

When we talk about social welfare, those are the organized concerns of people that needs to be addressed
now, what do we call about this now? This one is called SOCIAL SERVICES these are the answers of people’s
needs through programs and other activities provided under various auspices to completely answer the
dilemmas of the members of society.
Organizing and planning in helping people are useless when there’s no actual services to offer. Social
services also aims to help people who have problems beyond their capacities; it’s one of the key factor to
legitimately help the modern society people fulfill themselves.
To sum it up, social services are the actions we do in answering the needs of those who are in need of help.

3. WHAT IS SOCIAL WORK?

“Who are we?” This question has always been in my mind before I got to know what I’m studying right
now, “who are we?” really. Now based upon what I’ve read and searched, the meaning of social work in a
direct manner is “it is a profession which is concerned with man’s adjustment to its environment” I had to
think twice and read it again before when I first heard its meaning; because somehow, the meaning is deep
and it screams deep empathy for people that we have to really know its deepest needs and fix it.

In my own humble opinion, just basing to what I really have known first, social work is a mix of
psychology and sociology were in we study how people think and move to its environment.

To briefly explain what social work is, it is a profession that helps individuals to function well in our
society, which means we empower and help them to know their worth, to answer their deepest needs that is
sometimes beyond their capacities. To answer my question “Who are we?” well, we are the people’s
engineer (!).
 PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD
Social Welfare work in those
times centered on mutual
protection and economic
survival.This caused groups to
band together andcommunities
to link with each other
throughmarriage among
members.
EUROPEAN PERIOD AMERICAN PERIOD
Social work developed in 1902– The Civil government
Europe during the created an agency,the
nineteenth century by Insular Board, to coordinate
offering support to andsupervise private
struggling working-class institutions engaged
families. It emerged in inwelfare work
England and spread
through Christian social
networks, initially in
Western Europe and later
in Central Europe
For French Social February 5, 1915– The
Catholics, it was a way to American
promote the class governmentcreated the
reconciliation advocated Public Welfare Board with
by the Rerum Novarum of thepassage of Legislative
1891 Act No. 2510,essentially to
coordinate the
welfareactivities of various
existing
charitableorganizations.
professional social work January 1917– The first
was in its infancy in government entity tooperate
Portugal until the 1940s, as a welfare agency, and an
and did not genuinely initialstep in child welfare
appear in Italy until the services, was set up
1950s
1900– Attempt was made to
alleviate thecondition of deaf
children at the
PhilippineNormal School.
1905 – The Philippine
chapter of the AmericanRed
Cross was established to
take chargeof disaster relief
in the country and
toadminister Red Cross
funds from the UnitedStates
PHILIPPINE PERIOD
the Philippines was (in 1898)
beginning a period of
American rulewhich was to
last for almost 50 years and
which followed more than
300 years as a Spanish
colony
The Roman Catholic Church
remains a core participant,
alongside state and
voluntarysector agencies, in
health and social care in the
Philippines, whether through
encouraging
donors,providing care, or
delivering social work
education in Church-based
universities across
thecountry
In 1965, Ferdinand Marcos
became president of the
country, a position he
retained until1986. The
country saw a growing UN
focus in the 1960s and 1970s
on a development agenda
ACTIVITY 3:

1. WHAT ARE THE THREE 3 SOCIAL WORK METHODS; EXPLAIN.

The 3 social work methods are case work, group work and community organization these methods
works primarily in whole nature aims to help our people in solving every aspect of society’s problems;
now let me explain it briefly and concise:

Case work:
The social case work deals with individual problems means individual in the total environment or as a
part of it. An individual is involved in the problem as he/she is unable to deal with it on his own,
because of reasons beyond his control. His/her problems sometimes temporarily makes him incapable
of solving it. In any case, his/her social functioning is disturbed. The caseworker gets information
regarding the client’s total environment, finds out the causes, prepares a treatment plan and with a
professional relationship tries to bring about a change in the perception and attitudes of the client.

Group work:
This method is a social work service in which a professionally qualified person helps individuals through
group experience so as to help them move towards improved relationships and social functioning. In
group work, individuals are important and they are helped to improve their social relationships, with
flexible programs, giving importance to the personality development of the individual in group
functioning and relationships. The group is the medium and through it and in it, individuals are helped
to make necessary changes and adjustments.

Community organization:
Is another method of social work, being made up of groups, a community means organized systems of
relationships but in reality, no community is perfectly organized. Community Organization is a process
by which a systematic attempt is made to improve relationships in a community. Identifying the
problems, finding out resources for solving community problems, developing social relationships, and
necessary programs to realize the objectives of the community are all involved in community
organization. In this way, the community can become self-reliant and develop a co-operative attitude
among its members.

2. UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL WORK AND ITS MEANING

Acceptance Principle

In order to achieve the optimum results, both the client and the social work practitioner must accept
each other. The client must accept the worker because the worker is assisting the client in overcoming
his or her problem condition. In social work circumstances, the client may approach the social worker
directly, the agency may designate the social worker, or someone may refer the client to the social
worker. Unless the client believes that the social worker has the capability to comprehend his/her
predicament and is interested in assisting him/her in resolving the problem, the client may refuse to
cooperate in the relationship in which the social work intervention is to be planned. Any skepticism
about the social worker's competence expressed by the client causes major obstacles in the assisting
process.
Similarly, the worker must acknowledge the client as a person with a problem who has come to him
or her for assistance. Regardless of the client's looks or history, the worker should accept the client just
as he or she is. Acceptance of the client may be hampered by the worker's personal experiences. For
example, a worker who was abused as a child by his or her alcoholic father may find it difficult to accept
an alcoholic client who has come for help in mending his or her family bonds. In this scenario, the
social worker should not be influenced by his or her early experience of being abused by an alcoholic
father whom he or she despised and rejected, and should not demonstrate hatred or indifference to the
client. Mutual acceptance is the first step in creating a good professional relationship with the goal of
resolving the client's social dysfunction.
Principle of Individualization

At the foundation of social work practice is a belief in the uniqueness of the individual and his or her intrinsic
value. Each individual's nature is capable of integrating and directing its own forces in a manner distinct from that
of any other individual's nature. The social worker regards each client's problem as unique and works with the
client to find the most satisfactory way for him or her to deal with his or her personal problem circumstance. This
principle reminds the social worker that when interacting with the client, he or she is not dealing with an inanimate
object or a lower entity. Because the client was unable to find a solution to his or her problem, he or she should
not be regarded as a person devoid of dignity, worth, or value.
This is a common response the client receives from the community. As a result, the client believes he or she is a
worthless human being and develops a negative self-image. As a loving and assisting professional, the social
worker should feel that the client is an individual with dignity, worth, and respect, and that given the correct
environment and encouragement, he or she has the potential to emerge from his or her unwanted position with
dignity and respect. Furthermore, the social worker should always keep in mind that each client is unique and
distinct from other clients experiencing a similar problem, as each person responds and reacts differently to the
same stimuli and enters or exits different problem situations in different ways.

Principle of Participation

Communication between the social worker and the client is critical in social work. Communication can be
either verbal (spoken or written) or nonverbal (using gestures, signs, or actions to convey a message). The
majority of human-relations issues originate as a result of inadequate communication. A message is sent by the
sender and received by the receiver in communication. True communication occurs when the meanings of the
phrases and other symbols used and acted upon by the sender and receiver are shared and have the same
meanings. The communication is fluid if the sender's message is appropriately or correctly understood by the
receiver.
However, if the receiver fails to correctly comprehend the message (that the sender wishes to transmit), there is a
break or misunderstanding in the communication process, resulting in confusion and problems.
Miscommunication occurs when the sender is unable to articulate his or her feelings or what he or she wants to
say. Other impediments to the smooth flow of messages include distance, noise, temperament, attitudes, past
experiences, mental capacity to grasp, and so on.
The social worker should be able to understand the client's verbal and nonverbal communication. Communication
is important in social work relationships since the client's and the worker's histories may differ, as may their
mental states. The setting in which the conversation occurs may change from time to time, providing ample
opportunity for miscommunication. As a result, the worker should go to great lengths to ensure that
communication between him/her and the client is effective. The primary job of a social worker is to establish an
environment in which the client feels comfortable expressing his or her feelings. The client's trust and confidence
in the worker, as well as the worker's acceptance of the client, contribute to the atmosphere.

Principle of Confidentiality

This principle serves as a solid foundation for the appropriate application of social work intervention. It contributes
to the development of a solid worker-client relationship. It is critical in social work to supply information to the
worker. This can range from simple factual information to highly confidential information. A person may be
unwilling to discuss specific facts about his or her personal life with anyone unless the person with whom the
information is given is trustworthy. He/she must be confident that the worker will not use it to cause discomfort,
ridicule, or damage to his/her reputation. It is impossible to aid a client in social work unless the client provides all
of the information required by the worker. For this to occur, the client must have complete trust in the worker that
the information given to the worker would be kept confidential and used exclusively for the purposes specified.
The worker encounters certain difficulties in adhering to this guideline. Should the confidential information be
shared with other agency officials involved in the case, as well as colleagues professional social workers who
may be able to assist the worker in resolving the client's problem? Second, what should he do with some
information regarding the client's criminal activity, which he may be compelled to provide to investigation agency
whenever he is asked as a responsible citizen? In the first situation, the social worker may reveal the information
in the client's best interests. However, in the latter scenario, it is extremely difficult for the social worker to
withhold information because it was given with the guarantee of confidentiality.
Principle of Self-determination

The client's right to self-determination is emphasised by this idea. Every individual has the right to
determine what is best for him or her and to choose the methods by which to achieve it. In other words,
it emphasises that the social worker should not force decisions or solutions on the client merely
because he or she has sought assistance from him or her. Without a doubt, the client has gone to the
social worker because he or she has been unable to manage the situation on their own.
The social worker should promote and include the client in making excellent and acceptable judgments
by supporting and guiding him or her in developing right insights about his or her social environment.
The client is thus assisted not only in realising his or her potential, but also in feeling independent and
like a person of worth and dignity. Only through social responsibility, emotional adjustment, and
personality development is it possible to develop social responsibility, emotional adjustment, and
personality development.

Principle of client worker relationship

The professional relationship has an element of being controlled social worker should enter the
professional interaction without prejudice. That is, he or she should not develop any judgments on the
client, whether positive or negative, worthy or undeserving. He or she must treat the client as though he
or she has come to him or her for assistance, and he or she must be willing to assist the client without
being swayed by others' judgments about the client or his or her predicament. This allows the worker to
establish a solid professional relationship because both the worker and the customer are free to
express their comprehension of each other. It should be stressed, however, that a nonjudgmental
attitude does not exclude making professional judgments regarding the problem scenario and the
various solutions being evaluated.

Principle of worker self awareness:

The notion of regulated emotional engagement protects social workers from becoming too emotionally
invested in their clients' problems or becoming too objective. In the first example, the worker may over-
identify with the client because they see many parallels between the client's problem situation and other
life situations or with the client's personality. This could jeopardize the professional relationship as well
as judgments regarding the client's issue. The worker may become to sympathize with the client by
overindulging in the client's life, which may infringe on the client's right to self-determination and
independence.