READING: DẠNG BÀI TRUE/ FALSE/ NOT GIVEN

Tổng quan về dạng bài

- Dạng bài TRUE/ FALSE/ NOT GIVEN và YES/ NO/ NOT GIVEN yêu cầu
thí sinh đánh giá một nhận định dựa vào thông tin trong bài đọc.

- Mẫu câu hỏi:

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In
boxes ... on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. In the Middle Ages, most Europeans knew where nutmeg was grown.

YES/NO/NOT GIVEN

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage? In
boxes ... on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1. Captive breeding programmes ensure that animals can cope in their natural habitat.

2. Định nghĩa TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN và YES/NO/NOT GIVEN

Một nhận định là

- TRUE nếu toàn bộ thông tin và ý nghĩa trong nhận định đều được xác nhận
bởi thông tin trong bài đọc.

- FALSE nếu toàn bộ thông tin trong nhận định có thể tìm được trong bài đọc,
nhưng có MỘT mẩu thông tin trong nhận định bị phủ nhận bởi bài đọc.

- NOT GIVEN nếu MỘT mẩu thông tin bất kỳ không thể được tìm thấy trong
bài đọc, hoặc không thể xác định được là đúng hay sai.
Ví dụ 1:

- Thông tin trong bài đọc: 80% of students in school A are Vietnamese.
- Nhận định:
1. 4/5 of students in school A came from Vietnam.

2. Less than a half of the students in school A came from Vietnam.

3. 20% of students in school A came from China.

 Luyện tập 1:
AIMEE FULLER – SNOWBOARDING STAR

Aimee Fuller was born in England, but she moved to the east coast of the United
States at the age of 12 because she knew she wanted to be a professional
snowboarder. It wasn't possible to train properly in her hometown because it hardly
ever snowed. There was a dry ski slope in her town, where she learnt how to ski and
snowboard, but there weren't any mountains with snow to practise the sport.

Aimee quickly found sponsors and a coach when she arrived in the USA, and she is
now a successful and wellknown snowboarding star. She has done really well in
many national competitions and her dream is to win an Olympic gold medal one day.

Aimee spends most of her time practising on the snow, and trains in the gym four to
five times a week. She also goes cycling and running. Aimee says it is very important
to keep fit because that helps her stay safe when she is doing snowboarding tricks
and jumps. Her advice to people who want to learn how to do jumps, is to start
small and only do bigger jumps when they feel ready.

Questions 1-7
Instruction: Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading
Passage? In boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. Aimee learnt to ski before she started snowboarding.

2. It often snowed during winter in Aimee's hometown.

3. It took Aimee a long time to find a coach after she moved to the US

4. Aimee has won an Olympic medal.

5. Aimee thinks that snowboarding is more dangerous for her when she is not fit.
 Luyện tập 2:
Sylvia Earle, underwater hero.

She has spent her working life studying the world’s oceans. Sylvia Earle is an
underwater explorer and marine biologist who was born in the USA in 1935. She
became interested in the world’s oceans from an early age. As a child, she liked to
stand on the beach for hours and look at the sea, wondering what it must be like
under the surface.

When she was 16, she finally got a chance to make her first dive, it was this dive
that inspired her to become an underwater explorer. Since then, she has spent more
than 6,500 hours under water, and has led more than 70 expeditions worldwide. She
has also made the deepest dive ever, reaching a record-breaking depth of 381
metres.

In 1970, she became famous around the world when she became the captain of the
first all female team to live under water. The team spent two weeks in an
underwater house. The research they carried out showed that coral reefs are being
damaged because of pollution. Her team also studied the problem of overfishing.
Fishing methods meant that people were catching too many fish, including ones that
are very rare. Therefore, many species of fish were in danger of becoming extinct.

Since then she has written several books and magazine articles. In them, she
suggests ways of reducing the damage that is being done to the world’s oceans.
One way, she believes, is to rely on fish farms for seafood, and reduce the amount
of fishing that is done out at sea. Although she no longer eats seafood herself, she
realizes that the importance it plays in our diets. It would be wrong to tell people
they should stop eating fish from the sea, she says. However, they need to reduce
the impact they are having on the ocean’s supplies.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý

● marine biologist: nhà sinh học biển
● from an early age: từ khi còn nhỏ
● Surface (n): bề mặt
● dive (v): lặn
● Expedition (n): cuộc thám hiểm
● carry out : tiến hành/thực hiện
● coral reefs: đá ngầm san hô
● Extinct (adj): tuyệt chủng
Questions 1-7
Instruction: Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading
Passage? In boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. Sylvia Earle lives in the USA.

2. Until 1970, nobody had lived underwater before.

3. Sylvia Earle was worried about the amount of fish that were being caught.

4. Her books offer some solutions to marine problems.

5. She thinks people should avoid eating seafood.

Bài 2
Unusual Sports

A. Do you ever get bored with the same old sports? If you're tired of tennis, fed up
with football or bored of basketball, don't worry. There are plenty of new and
unusual sports out there for you to try. Many of these are a mix of existing sports,
sometimes with a local element added. Bossaball, for example, is a mix of football
and volleyball, played on an inflatable pitch with a trampoline in the middle. To
make it more exciting, it also has elements of Brazilian martial arts!

B. If you are very good at horse riding, you could try the national sport of
Afghanistan, buzkashi. Many versions have been played in the Central Asian region
for hundreds of years. The game involves players on horseback trying to get hold of
a dead goat. The Afghan Buzkashi Federation wants the game to spread throughout
the world and has finally written down the rules because they hope to get Olympic
status for the sport.

C. A sport that is more likely to become famous is kabaddi. It is similar in some ways
to the game called 'tag' which school children play. In this game, one person has to
catch the others. In kabaddi, a 'raider' from one team tries to touch a player from
the other team and then return to their own half of the field without getting caught.
In some versions of the game, the raider must chant the word 'kabaddi' as he
returns to his place. It is good fun, good exercise and doesn't need any equipment.
Additionally, it is very popular in India and South Asian countries, so much so that it
is played at the Asian Games.

D. There is an unusual sport which describes itself as a 'classic mix of brains and
brawn'. The game, called 'chess boxing', involves a round of chess and then a round
of boxing, then another of chess, and so on. There is one minute between rounds.
The first chess boxing world championship took place in 2003 in Amsterdam and was
won by a Dutchman, lepe Rubingh. Since then, it has become more popular,
particularly in Germany, the UK, India and Russia. It is a difficult sport, because
players need to be very good· at two very different activities and be able to switch
quickly between the two.

E. Finally, an unusual sport that will be familiar to most of us is roshambo, which

began in China about 2000 years ago and spread gradually to the rest of the world.
Played by young and old, in the UK it is known as 'rock-paper scissors'. It is
surprising that it is called a sport and taken so seriously: there's a World Rock Paper
Scissors Society and a league which holds championships every year. So, whatever
kinds of sport you like, there is something new and interesting for you to try.
Từ vựng cần lưu ý
● fed up: chán
● round (n): lượt
● version (n): phiên bản
● equipment (n): thiết bị ● martial arts: võ thuật
● rules (n): luật lệ
● take place: diễn ra

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading

Passage?

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. People play bossaball on a soft surface.

2. Buzkashi is an Olympic sport.

3. Kabaddi is often played in schools.

4. Lepe Rubingh invented chess boxing.

5. Lepe Rubingh is from Germany.

6. People consider roshambo a serious sport.

Bài 3

Mau Piailug, Ocean Navigator

Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods

In early 1976, Mau Piailug, a fisherman, led an expedition in which he sailed a

traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The
Polynesian Voyaging Society had organised the expedition. Its purpose was to find
out if seafarers in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the
other without navigational instruments, or whether the islands had been populated
by accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just
by observing the stars, the wind and the sea. He had never before sailed to Tahiti,
which was a long way to the south. However, he understood how the wind and the
sea behave around islands, so he was confident he could find his way. The voyage
took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it without a compass or
charts. His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he
was still a baby. He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the
behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places. Later, Mau used a
circle of stones to memorise the positions of the stars. Each stone was laid out in the
sand to represent a star.

The voyage proved that Hawaii’s first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated
by reading the sea and the stars. Mau himself became a keen teacher, passing on
his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be
lost. He explained the positions of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to
write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember
everything as he had done.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý

● in the distant past: cách đây từ rất lâu
● navigational instruments: dụng cụ điều hướng
● observe: quan sát
● voyage: hành trình/chuyến đi
● memorise: ghi nhớ
● represent: đại diện
● lay out: bố trí/bày ra/đề ra
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?
In boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. At the time of his voyage, Mau had unique navigational skills.

2. Mau was familiar with the sea around Tahiti.

3. Mau thought it would be difficult to use a compass and charts.

4. Mau’s grandfather was his only teacher.

5. Mau used stones to learn where each star was situated in the sky.

6. The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write.

7. Mau expected his students to memorise the positions of the stars