ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
HORMONE TARGET TISSUES
Growth Hormone (GH)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
(TSH)
Luteinizing Hormones (LH)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
(FSH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin
Thyroid Hormones
Calcitonin
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
FUNCTIONS
Most Stimulates growth of bones, muscles and organs
Thyroid Gland Regulates thyroid gland secretions
GONADOTROPINS
● For Females: ● For Females: promotes ovulation and
Ovaries progesterone production
● For males: Testes ● For Males: Sperm production and
Testosterone
● For Females: ● For Females: follicle maturation and
Follicles in Ovaries estrogen secretion
● For males:
Seminiferous ● For Males: Sperm production
Tubules (Testes)
● Mammary Glands Milk Production
● Ovaries
POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
Kidneys Conserve Water
Uterus Increases uterine contractions during labor
THYROID GLAND
Most Regulates metabolic rates and needed for
growth
Bones Secreted when blood Ca2+ levels are high
PARATHYROID GLAND
● Bones Regulates blood Ca2+ levels
● Kidneys
 ADRENAL GLAND

Adrenal Medulla: ● Heart

● Blood vessels Released as part of fight or flight response
Epinephrine and ● Liver
Norepinephrine ● Fat cells

Adrenal Cortex: ● Na+ and H2O retention

● K+ secretion
Aldosterone Kidneys ● Involved with blood pressure and volume

*Type: Mineralocorticoids

● Increases breakdown of fat and protein

Cortisol Most for energy uses
● Reduces inflammatory and immune
*Type: Glucocorticoids responses

● For Females: Sex drive

Androgens Most
● For Males: Secondary sexual
characteristics

PANCREAS

● Liver ● Regulates blood glucose levels

Insulin ● Skeletal Muscle ● After a meal glucose levels are high and
● Adipose Tissue insulin is secreted
*secreted by: Beta cells of the ● Extra glucose is stored in form of
Islets of Langerhans glycogen

● Regulates blood glucose levels

Glucagon ● Between meals glucose levels drop and
Liver glucagon is secreted
*secreted by: Alpha cells of the ● Glucagon allows glycogen to be broken
Islets of Langerhans down into glucose (glycogenolysis)

TESTES

● Aids in sperm and reproductive organ

development and function
● Responsible for adult male secondary
Testosterone Most sex characteristics
● Promotes growth and maturation of male
reproductive system
● Required for cell production
 OVARIES

● Stimulates the development of secondary

Estrogen
*produced by: Graafian
Follicles or Placenta
female characteristics
Most ● Matures female reproductive organs
● Helps prepare uterus to receive a
fertilized egg
● Helps maintain pregnancy
● Prepares the breast to produce milk

● Acts with estrogen to bring about the

Progesterone Most menstrual cycle
● Helps in the implantation of an embryo in
*produced by: Corpus Luteum the uterus

THYMUS GLAND

Thymosin Immune system tissues Promotes immune system development and

function

PINEAL GLAND

Melatonin Hypothalamus ● Plays a role in onset of puberty

● Controls circadian rhythms - sleep wake
cycle