Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Yamazaki pharmaceutical is one of a major producer of drugs and chemicals in Japan that distribute also
distribute Weaver’s products which is one of the largest U.S drug firms. Leonard Prescott, vice
president and general manager of Weaver Pharmaceutical believed that his executive assistant; John
Higgins has lost his touch to effectively representing the U.S parent company and too attached to
Japanese culture.
Prescott has noticed Higgin’s attitude and thinking causes a considerable ineffectiveness of
administration for the company. A typical Japanese employer always spending time listening to
subordinates who face personal problems and become a third-party of employees who have dissatisfied
with the new policy and fight for their rights which Higgin adopted in his management style and Prescott
was uneased. It cost more to the company in term of profit and loss account.
Higgins objected the new implementation which he beleived that Japanese culture must be preserved
and should not be changed anymore. However, Prescott believes there are dynamic changes occurring
in traditional Japanese customs and culture. This opinion is facilitated because many Japanese
subordinates are more willing to try out new ideas.
Higgins has always been an effective and efficient manager who is adored by Prescott’s friend because
he has received several excellent offers to go with other companies in Japan. However, Prescott
believes the best international executive is someone who has a strong belief in the principle of home
point of view and understanding of foreign attitudes. Plus, he also thinks that Higgins should not have
strong emotional attachment to Japanese culture.
Problem Statement
4. Resistance to Change
Both of Higgin and Prescott have a different opinion toward implementation of personnel
policies in the company operations. Higgins did not like how Prescott implementing the
U.S. personnel policies into company's operation since Higgin did not like the way
Meanwhile in opposite side Higgin want to adapt the Japanese styles of operation with
same manner as Japanese’s operation. The differences between Higgin and Prescott
derive them to conflict with different idea of implementation operation and causing
might bring a huge conflict and misunderstanding between them. Higgins is more
influenced by Japanese culture who wants to bring the Japanese culture and
implementing into company operation meanwhile Prescott with his U.S. policies and still
Prescott do not want to apply Japanese system or Japanese work styles into company's
operation and still implementing old system (U.S. policies) although has complain from
employee with his new personnel policy and management styles. Employee wants to
adapt Japanese styles in operation system in management because they did not like the
problem to implementing the work pattern, Higgins with his Japanese understanding
Prescott a little rigid person and work with U.S. policies system but cannot adapt the
current situation into company and got complain with his management style, meanwhile
Higgins with his Japanese's management styles and work together with Prescott to
accomplish one goal but have a different pattern of the management and difference
thought.
We can see the difference between Prescott and Higgins the way of they value system
and point of view and thus lead them into cultural conflict with the differences in
understanding culture.
Resistance to Change
Implementation of new personnel policy in the operation received complains from many
employees. Some Japanese workers are unsatisfied with a new policy made by Prescott
and complaint this to Higgins. With the new personnel policy introduced by Prescott, it
might change the Japanese work culture, work momentum and their consistency in
working quality, because the Japanese personnel policy has never changes before.
And the other problem is employee do not want to adapt this changes made by Prescott,
because by changing the company policy it may cause the Japanese employee to lose
they old Japanese traditional in management system and afraid the Japanese Tradition
Strategies
ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES
improve internal integration and build better cultural understanding or awareness for individuals
Mr. Prescott could organize a private meeting with Mr. Higgins and make him realize that he is
emotionally implicated into Japanese culture and that affects the efficiency of the company.
Prescott could explain him that he would be far more effective if he takes a more emotionally
detached attitude toward the Japanese people and culture. He could advise Mr. Huggins to try
to introduce a little from their American value systems and ideals upon the Japanese without
affecting any relations with the Japanese employees. It is important for Mr. Huggins to realize
the best international executive was one who retained a belief in the fundamentals of the home
Although Prescott does not know how to speak Japanese and does not understand very much
about Japanese culture, he should learn to appreciate the local culture and hear their needs
For example, After Mr. Prescott took over the Japanese operations, he was appalled with
Japanese promotion practices and decided to change these to a merit system. He consulted
Huggins and although Huggins objected the decision, he went ahead and announced the policy.
At the same time, he installed an annual review system, whereby every one of the management
personnel would be evaluated by his immediate superior and this would constitute an important
This way it presumably will be easier to cooperate with the domestic coworkers but also he will
Mr Prescott could organize a Team Building event for the company in order to improve the
relationship with the Japanese group. This activity will aid in understanding the need of the two
cultures and create a good rapport among subordinates and superior, rather than believing that
anything from the United States was universally right and applicable. Besides, employee welfare
can also be articulated during management meetings, company events or informal sessions with
Prescott and Higgins are to sit down with the general manager of Weaver and discuss how the
parent company would like the firm to get run, rather than wanting to run the firm with their
different beliefs and values. This is a sign of differences in attitude and understanding. One
must know that business objectives give a company direction and allow every person in the
If an employee could not understand the company’s goals and do not work hard to improve
themselves, there is no reason for company to retain the employee if the contribution is of no
values to company’s goals. We need to look for the company’s best interest, not the individuals.
With this in mind, it is important to not get emotionally attached and close-minded so much, so
that it will keep individual from thinking in a way that will benefit the firm. Thus, differences in
managerial attitude and understanding could simply kill the company’s goal. It only means that
In deciding whether to bring change to company or to develop new practices to fit conditions,
an international company should consider several factors, including how important the change
is to each party, the possibility of participation in decision-making, the need to share the
In this case study, Japanese has always been having low employee turnover just because they
do not fired anyone in the company. Mr. Higgins argued that the dismissal of one of the
manager was a mistake due to fact that he was loyal and honest and that he has been working
for the company for the last 10 years. This mentality should be changed because the manager
himself has refused to show interest in self-improvement and stayed stagnant throughout the
years, this ultimately do not benefit the company. A leader shall always shows improvement as
Another changes need to be made would be the advancement based primarily on longevity with
the company. The promotions should not always be given only to senior employees, the young
employees who are motivated and believed to be more ambitious nowadays should be given a
chance to grow and lead in the top management. This can be achieved easily by giving
Positive Outcome
helps each level of employees to understand each other’s need and accepting one another
opinion rationally. Both Mr. Higgins and Mr. Prescott have a lot of knowledge and potential to
improved and would have been like an ally rather than an adversary. Plus, internal integration is
enhanced through this, and the environment for the employees can be understood by both
leaders.
Negative Outcome
Despite our effort to improve the communication between these two leaders, we might not be
able to succeed as Mr. Higgins had married a Japanese woman, who would be the perfect
person to influence Mr. Higgins in every decision that he made. Because of the love for the
Japanese culture, the decision making would also be influenced by Japanese neighborhood who
loved his presence, he will always intercede on behalf of the employee and objects invariably to
Cultural awareness becomes central when we have to interact with people from other cultures.
People see, interpret and evaluate things in a different ways. What is considered an appropriate
behavior in one culture is frequently inappropriate in another one. People working in a foreign
ethnocentrism. Instead they should try to become geocentric. By being culturally sensitive to
the Japanese culture, Mr. Prescott is able to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts.
Negative Outcome
As much as Leonard Prescott tries to understand the culture, he may have difficulty and may
think it is a waste of time and effort because he believes that the company’s real contribution to
“I know their way, but my way is better” I think, would best depict the probable negative
outcome. This situation explains that he may be aware of other ways of doing things, but still
considers his way as the best one. In this stage, cultural differences are perceived as source of
Positive Outcome
By understanding the company’s goal, both Mr. Prescott and Mr. Higgins are able to work
closely to achieve the company’s objectives. Mr. Higgins for instance do not need to merely
copying the local customs. Top management needs to think of decision that best benefit the
Both employer and employee must be equipped with the knowledge of understanding
company’s mission as well as objectives. Without the understanding and unity in achieving the
Positive Outcome
Accepting the change in new personnel policy give chance to young employees to strive to
become better and be promoted at the young age. This helps the company to produce
ambitious and highly motivated young employees who are eager to be the next leader. They
must of course first be equipped with all the necessary skills before becoming company assets.
Negative Outcome
Due to the changes in the personnel policy whereby the promotion is based on superior’s
evaluations of subordinates, the senior employee might feel betrayed, because the Japanese
work custom for promotions has always been based on the seniority. This will create an intense
competition among the senior and junior staffs. Worst scenario is that the senior employees
may not be pleased if they are led by a person who is younger than them, and the fact that the
working experience in company is less than them, and because this is contrary to the Japanese