1

Testing of cations with NaOH solution

 The observations when the reagent NaOH is added:

Parvez Sir Class-9 Test for Ions and Gas

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Testing of cations with aqueous NH,

 The observations when the reagent NH3 is added:

2+ 3+
Pb and Al cannot be
i differentiated by using
NaOH and NH3. Use
iodide ions to
distinguish them (See
testing of anions).

Parvez Sir Class-9 Test for Ions and Gas

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 To confirm the identity of a negative ion after adding the reagents, note the following
observations:

Negative ion Observation

N03-, C032- Test for gas released

ci-, i-, so42- Observe the colour of precipitation

Observations for identifying negative ions

Parvez Sir Class-9 Test for Ions and Gas

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Tests for gases

Gas Testing reagent Observation

NH3 Damp red litmus paper Red litmus paper turns blue.

White precipitate is formed. (It

CO2 Limewater
dissolves in excess CO2)

CI2 Damp litmus paper Litmus paper is bleached.

The lighted splint extinguishes

H2 Lighted (or Burning) splint
with a 'pop1 sound.

O2 Glowing splint The glowing splint relights.

Acidified potassium K2Cr2O7 solution changes from

SO2 dichromate(VI), K2Cr2O7 orange to green.

Parvez Sir Class-9 Test for Ions and Gas