Brief History of COVID-19 virus Outbreak.

1.1 Background of the study

Health is undoubtedly the key factor, In order for a person or a human body to
function, Viruses and contagious diseases are abundant. All humans should exercise
caution and awareness of their surroundings, according to medical professionals.

Corona-viruses are a big family of different viruses. Some of them cause the
common cold in people. Others infect animals, including bats, camels, and cattle.
(Hansa D. Bhargava, MD et al.,2021). The first protocol, the travel prohibition, is
being implemented by the Philippines in an effort to be excluded.

On January 29, Secretary of Department of Health (DOH) Francisco Duque III

declared that the nation is now equipped to sample for novel corona viruses. In
contrast, persons from different countries cannot easily travel without getting
examined first.

On January 30, broad news of the confirmed First Case hit the Philippines. DOH
confirmed the first case of COVID-19 in the country, from a 38-year-old Chinese
woman after her confirmatory test results arrived from VIDRL. The said Chinese
together with her husband which is a 44-years-old-Chinese national, arrived in the
country from Wuhan, China via a Hong Kong-Cebu flight on January 21, 2020;
travelled and arrived in Dumaguete on January 22, 2020; then they took a flight to
Manila and finally admitted in San Lazaro Hospital on the same day on January 25,
2020, after experiencing symptoms (Edna M. Edrada,April 2020).

Midway through the year 2020, on June 1, Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)
ordered to cancel scheduled domestic flights including the sale of tickets as IATF-EID
is yet to approve proposed flight routes. Cavite lifted liquor ban while reiterating that
consumption will only be allowed inside individual homes as announced by Governor
Jonvic Remulla. (Kaye Fe,June 2020)

This is done to balance a person's priority in an emergency.

In specifically, thousands of workers lose their jobs due to the lock-down's negative
economic effects, which led to a higher rate of unemployment for thousands of
Filipinos during the first wave of the SARS-CoV outbreak.

End of the year 2020, December 31, the country recorded 1,541 new cases, 296
new recoveries, and 14 deaths, bringing total cases to 474,064 (25,024 or 5.28% as
active cases), survivor count to 439,796 (92.77%), and death toll at 9,244 (1.95%)
respectively, lower than estimated data by OCTA Research Group. (Job Manahan
(December 30, 2020))

beginning of 2021 on January 3, As a result of the new virus variant being

discovered in Florida on January 3, the nation imposed a ban on US visitors entering
the country until January 15, 2021. According to spokesperson Harry Roque, this also
includes people who visited the US within the previous 14 days of their arrival.

The country is anticipated to get an initial batch of 600,000 COVID-19 vaccine

shots from Sinovac on February 23, 2021, as reported by Palace spokesman Harry
Roque. The vaccines for COVID-19 are currently being developed, tested, and ready
for human usage.

Since the Philippine government mandated that everyone receive a dose for
protection and control by the end of 2021, vaccinations were imported from other
nations. December 30 - Prior to nine o'clock in the evening, a batch of Prizer COVID-
19 vaccine (procured) containing 609,570 doses arrived at NAIA Terminal 3. via a
flight with Air Hong Kong. This shipment of Pfizer vaccine marks the end of the
manufacturer's contract with the nation to supply 40 million vials of the vaccine by
the end of 2021.

As of October year 2022, n week 42 (17 - 23 October 2022), there were 11,995 new
cases nationally (10.8 cases per 100,000 population ). The following regions recorded
the highest case counts: National Capital Region (3,915 cases), Region IV-A:
CALABARZON (2,166 cases), and Region III: Central Luzon (1,384 cases).

The Phillipines formally announced the end of a regulation of wearing face masks
on public areas Although it need to be worn only in specific locations, such as
campuses.  Medical professionals caution that COVID-19 should not be taken lightly,
particularly in light of the incoming holiday seasons.
A. Number of reported cases.

From March 11, 2020, to October 1, 2022, the cases of infected individuals in the
Philippines are illustrated in this data.

Months Confirmed Cases

March 31, 2020 2,084
April 30, 2020 8,488
May 31, 2020 18,086
June 30, 2020 37,514
July 31, 2020 93,354
August 31, 2020 220,819
September 30, 2020 331,694
October 31, 2020 380,729
November 30, 2020 431,630
December 31, 2020 474,064

Months Confirmed Cases

January 31, 2021 525,618
February 28, 2021 576,352
March 31, 2021 747,288
April 30, 2021 1,037,460
May 31, 2021 1,230,301
June 30, 2021 1,412,559
July 31, 2021 1,588,965
August 31, 2021 1,989,857
September 30, 2021 2,549,966
October 31, 2021 2,787,276
November 30, 2021 2,832,734
October 31, 2021 2,843,979

Months Confirmed Cases

January 31, 2022 3,560,202
February 28, 2022 3,661,997
March 28, 2022 3,676,991
April 25, 2022 3,688,941
May 23, 2022 3,696,264
June 22, 2022 3,733,101
July 20, 2022 3,874,641
August 29, 2022 3,938,203
September 26, 2022 3,994,634
October 24, 2022 4,025,917
 Confirm case of Covid-19
4,500,000

4,000,000

3,500,000

3,000,000

2,500,000

2,000,000

1,500,000

1,000,000

500,000

B. Number of Deaths

Months No. Of Confirmed Deaths.

March 31, 2020 88
April 30, 2020 568
May 31, 2020 957
June 30, 2020 1,266
July 31, 2020 2,023
August 31, 2020 3,558
September 30, 2020 5,504
October 31, 2020 7,221
November 30, 2020 8,392
December 31, 2020 9,244
 Months No. Of Confirmed Deaths
January 31, 2021 10,749
February 28, 2021 12,318
March 31, 2021 13,297
April 30, 2021 17,234
May 31, 2021 20,966
June 30, 2021 24,662
July 31, 2021 27,889
August 31, 2021 33,448
September 30, 2021 38,294
October 31, 2021 43,172
November 30, 2021 48,545
December 31, 2021 51,504

Months No. Of Confirmed Deaths

January 31, 2022 54,003
February 28, 2022 56,451
March 28, 2022 59,015
April 25, 2022 60,182
May 23, 2022 60,455
June 22, 2022 60,467
July 20, 2022 60,641
August 29, 2022 61,667
September 26, 2022 62,790
October 24, 2022 64,476
 The chart or statistics below presents the total number of confirmed deaths
that happened in the Philippines between March 11, 2020, and October 1, 2022.

Confirmed Death of COVID-19 in the Phillipines

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C. Measures that WHO implemented to prevent the spread of the virus.

“The best defense against any outbreak is a strong health system,”

( WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.)

January 2020, WHO has published more than 100 documents about COVID-19.

In addition, because of the COVID-19 epidemic, nations were compelled to

organize and implement a country lockdown. By April 2020, more than 3.9 billion
people in more than 90 nations or territories had received government requests or
orders to stay at home, placing about half of the world's population under some sort of
lockdown. .(Pan, Shan L.; Cui, Miao; Qian, Jinfang et al., October 2020).Other
nations had used this strategy before, but the corona virus has created a global health
emergency.

The World Health Organization (WHO) takes a step by utilizing the advantages of
the Information Age by posting educational illustrations on their own website. This
minor effort is intended to raise awareness among today's youth about ways they can
take action to stop the SARS-CoV virus from spreading further. One of WHO's
initiatives is to educate internet users about the three C's, which include avoiding
crowded areas, close quarters, and enclosed or covered settings.

The World Health Organization is able to spread the word to everyone who uses the
internet courtesy to social media platforms, and they also encourage people to spread
this preventative information to avoid contracting an infection. Face masks were also
made mandatory worldwide, and some nations added the usage of face shields as a
preventative measure whenever a person went outside to protect against airborne
diseases that could have a mild to serious negative effect on human health.

WHO also shares the fundamental behaviors one should follow whenever they visit a
prospective home, such as following protocols to keep strangers at least one meter
away. Protocols such as these encourage business owners to put up signs and steps
where customers can line up and wait in order to avoid close human-to-human
contact.These are only a few of the WHO implementation protocols being used
worldwide.
D. Measure that our government implement to prevent the spread o the virus.

The pandemic has changed everyone's lives in the Philippines. Realizing that
anyone can contract the corona virus if they don't take precautions, the Philippine
government has implemented laws and protocols that are enforced nationally to stop
the virus from spreading and reduce the number of infections and fatalities. Because
of the significant increase in COVID patients, these laws also attempt to assist the
medical community in decreasing the utilization of facilities.

  First reported case on January 30, the number of corona virus disease 2019
(COVID-19) cases in the Philippines has reached 11,876 as of May 14, 2020 — with
2,337 recoveries and 790 deaths, according to a news bulletin from the Department of
Health (DoH).

President Rodrigo R. Duterte has imposed a state of emergency across the nation in
an effort to stop the epidemic from spreading. Depending on the number of cases and
the accessibility of medical facilities, different health procedures and quarantine
regulations have been implemented in each region.(Hannah Mallorca Features
Writer, The Philippine STAR;May 18, 2020  ).

President Duterte declared a partial shutdown on Metro Manila on March 12,

2020, and it was implemented on March 15. On March 16, President Duterte issued
an enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) for the whole island of Luzon and its
neighboring islands, further extending the lockdown. This amounted to a complete
lockdown that severely restricted movement and transportation, imposed stringent
home quarantines among all households, and shut down all privately owned
businesses on the island group.

As a preventative step against hoarding, the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)
ordered shops to only let the sale of two bottles of each type of disinfectant per person
on March 9. A 60-day price freeze on essential goods was implemented by the
department in accordance with the declaration of a public health emergency.

The following went into force after the president issued Proclamation No. 929 on
March 16 declaring a state of calamity for the entire nation for six months:

 pricing regulation for necessities and goods,

 issuing loans with no interest
 allocation of disaster relief monies,
 authorizing the entry of goods and accepting gifts, and
 Hazard allowance for government employees working in the sectors of research
and technology and public health
( Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 17, 2020.)

The Philippine government also put into operation the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act,
or Republic Act No. 11469. President Rodrigo Duterte receiving the power to
"Reallocate, Realign, and Reprogram" the main objective of this bill.
Duterte is now able to help locations that are under lockdown and provide support and
financial assistance as a result of the pandemic in the Philippines. (Parrocha, Azer;
March 22, 2020).
On January 30,2020 the Philippine Government run Research Institute for Tropical
Medicine (RITM) to run Scarcity of Laboratories and test kits. The government of
the Philippines offers a variety of services, including cash assistance, universal
healthcare, and compensation for front-line work. Medical supplies, mass testing, and
"No touch" prohibitions.

These are only a few examples of the established protocols and assistance that the
Philippine government has provided over the past two years.

E. How are government face the pandemic? (Since the start of the spread of the
Covi-19 in the Philippines, may have lost their jobs due to the lockdown order in
different regions. Thus, many Filipinos have experienced financial difficulties.
Present data on the budget allotted by the government in specific areas.)

Approximately PhP2.809 trillion, or 68.5% of the entire PhP4.100 trillion

budgeted for 2020, has been allocated by the government. direct funding for regional
initiatives and activities will come from the national budget. This will correct the
disparity 
countrywide economic growth between urban and rural areas This funding will
encourage inclusive growth. Ensuring that growth in rural regions is felt equally by all
residents and that it distributes equitably
the group of islands.

REGIONS GGA BUDGET OF GGA BUDGET OF

YEAR 2020 YEAR 2020 PER
(In Billion) CAPITA
(In pesos)
Ncr PhP1,018.0 B PhP76,654
Region I- Ilocos PhP84.9 B PhP15,589
Cordillera Administrative PhP72.1 B PhP37,087
Region (CAR)
Region II- Cagayan Valley PhP85.6 B PhP22,908
Region III- Central Luzon PhP244.0 B PhP20,501
Region IVA- Calabarzon PhP195.0 B PhP12,625
Region IVB- PhP74.2 B PhP21,751
MIMAROPA
Region V- Bicol PhP121.3 B PhP18,275
Region VI- Western PhP140.6 B PhP17,043
Visayas
Region VII- Central PhP131.6 B PhP16,342
Visayas
Region VIII- Eastern PhP108.6 B PhP21,850
Visayas
Region IX- Zanboanga PhP82.2 B PhP20,047
Peninsula
Region X- Northern PhP97.4 B PhP19,163
Mindanao
Region XI- Davao Region PhP92.1 B PhP16,937
Region XII- Socksargen PhP82.8 B PhP16,387
Region XIII- Caraga PhP68.1 B PhP22,693
BARMM- Bangsamoro PhP110.8 B PhP26,397
 President Rodrigo Roa Duterte today signed into law the Fiscal Year (FY)
20201General Appropriations Act (GAA), which appropriates PhP 4.506 trillion
for the operations of the national government.In the planned PhP4.506 trillion
national budget for 2021, PhP3.199 trillion, or 71.0%, will go toward Fund regional
initiatives and programs. This will support equitable economic growth in rural areas
and cities spread all over the archipelago.

REGIONS GGA BUDGET OF PER CAPITA

YEAR 2021 (In pesos)
(In billion pesos)
Ncr 1,284.0 33,264
Region I- Ilocos 108.7 20,454
Cordillera Administrative 60.6 25,813
Region (CAR)
Region II- Cagayan Valley 95.3 15,891
Region III- Central Luzon 198.9 91,935
Region IVA- Calabarzon 220.2 11,827
Region IVB- 81.3 21,885
MIMAROPA
Region V- Bicol 137.3 22,169
Region VI- Western 153.6 19,272
Visayas
Region VII- Central 144.7 17,967
Visayas
Region VIII- Eastern 120.5 25,081
Visayas
Region IX- Zanboanga 88.5 23,236
Peninsula
Region X- Northern 110.4 21,755
Mindanao
Region XI- Davao Region 106.9 19,896
Region XII- Socksargen 85.6 17,177
Region XIII- Caraga 74.4 26,239
BARMM- Bangsamoro 128.4 30,062

The proposed 2022 national budget, which is worth PHP 5.024 trillion,
the current Administration's final act will set the stage for
for the nation's next leader to continue the accomplishments
PhP3,195.8 will be used to make sure that resources are distributed fairly and to
promote inclusive growth in all areas. billion, or 63.6 percent of the suggested
National Budget for 2022, will be set aside for development in both both urban and
rural areas.
 REGIONS GGA BUDGET OF PER CAPITA
YEAR 2022 (In pesos)
(In billion pesos)
Ncr PhP997.2 B PhP70,630
Region I- Ilocos PhP126.8 B PhP23,685
Cordillera Administrative PhP71.7 B PhP39,012
Region (CAR)
Region II- Cagayan Valley PhP114.1 B PhP30,615
Region III- Central Luzon PhP235.5 B PhP18,534
Region IVA- Calabarzon PhP249.3 B PhP15,237
Region IVB- PhP95.4 B PhP29,668
MIMAROPA
Region V- Bicol PhP162.4 B PhP25,988
Region VI- Western PhP175.0 B PhP21,790
Visayas
Region VII- Central PhP167.2 B PhP20,518
Visayas
Region VIII- Eastern PhP144.9 B PhP29,776
Visayas
Region IX- Zanboanga PhP656.5 B PhP26,239
Peninsula
Region X- Northern PhP125.1 B PhP24,398
Mindanao
Region XI- Davao Region PhP116.1 B PhP21,298
Region XII- Socksargen PhP98.3 B PhP19,469
Region XIII- Caraga PhP83.5 B PhP29,726
BARMM- Bangsamoro PhP132.8 B PhP30,458
F. State your recommendations specially that there are lots of vaccines available
today that will help to reduce the number of cases and deaths due to the
implication of the virus.

Vaccines are made by medical professionals like doctors, pharmacists, and

scientists to strengthen the human immune system and protect the body from specific
infections. Being vaccinated does not guarantee that a person will be cured of mild or
chronic illnesses; rather, vaccines train the immune system to produce antibodies in
response to disease exposure, which reduces the likelihood that a person would
develop chronic illnesses.

COVID-19 is a type virus that infect our body and target's once immune system,
World Health Organization stated that there are 4 types of Coronavirus; Severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Middle East respiratory syndrome
corona-virus (MERS-CoV) and lastly SARS-CoV-2 the virus responsible for the
Covid-19 Pandemic.As a result of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing a global health
emergency and killing a billion people worldwide. Medical professionals developed a
vaccine designed for human bodies to fight corona viruses.

At the beginning of 2022 the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
update their vaccine recommendations to state that either of two type of mRNA
vaccine is preferred over Johnson & Johnson (J&J) adenoviral vector vaccine, This is
because both type of mRNA vaccine have a higher vaccines effectiveness; 95% for
Pfizer and 94.1% for Moderna Vaccine.

My recommendation for the best vaccines for an individual is the Pfizer mRNA
vaccine and the Moderna mRNA vaccine, both of which are types of mRNA vaccines.
My main justification for choosing a type of mRNA vaccine is that Pfizer is a vaccine
that can be injected to children 5 years of age and older, which means that children at
this age can be injected to help strengthen their immune system given that a child's
immune system is much more fragile and they are high risk of. The only vaccination
approved for use in children is the Pfizer vaccine.

My second-most-recommended vaccine, according to my research through

reliable sources is the second type of mRNA vaccine the Moderna vaccine. Medical
professionals advise the Moderna mRNA Vaccine for people aged 18 and older.
While there may be minimal side effects, they are far fewer and less severe than those
associated with a COVID-19 vaccines. The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine has been
found to be safe and effective against an infection with SARS-CoV-2, which causes
COVID-19. It is comparable to the Pfizer vaccine and recommended by health
professionals.

The CDC based their choice on two primary considerations:

1. the effectiveness of the mRNA vaccines over the J&J vaccine in terms of
vaccine efficacy.
 2. the possibility of serious side effects, such as thrombosis with
thrombocytopenia syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome, which are connected to
the J&J vaccine but not to mRNA vaccines.

As of mid-April, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted

Source says that there have been no reported blood clots in the 180 million doses of
Pfizer or Moderna vaccines given.

Government should encourage everyone to continue wearing protective gear

against viruses even though vaccines have been developed because COVID-19 hasn't
officially ended, citizens should still comply to the protocol.
REFERENCES:

Edna M. Edrada (April 14, 2020).  Retrieved  February 14,  2022. 12.
"First COVID-19 infections in the Philippines: a case report" Retrieved February .

Pia Ranada (May 28, 2020). Retrieved June 1, 2020. "Duterte approves GCQ for Metro Manila starting
June 1". Rappler.

Kaye Fe (June 1, 2020). Eagle News. Retrieved June 1, 2020.

 "CAB orders airlines to cancel domestic flights scheduled for June 1; says no IATF approval of
proposed air routes yet". 

May 31, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2020.

"Cavite lifts liquor ban on June 1". Rappler.

Ted Cordero (December 30, 2020). GMA News. Retrieved December 30, 2020.

"Amid COVID-19, PhilHealth contribution rate to increase in 2021". 

ABS-CBN News. December 31, 2020. Retrieved December 31, 2020."Philippines reports 474,064 total
COVID-19 cases at end of 2020".

 ABS-CBN News. January 1, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021."Duterte adds travelers from US with
restrictions over COVID-19 variant".

Jamaine Punzalan and Joyce Balancio (February 11, 2021). "Philippines to get COVID-19 shots from
China's Sinovac on Feb. 23". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved February 11, 2021.

Azer Parroch (December 31, 2021). "PH receives last batch of gov't-procured vaccines for
2021". Philippines News Agency. Retrieved December 31, 2021.

“COVID-19 Case Bulletin | Department of Health Website.” COVID-19 Case Bulletin | Department of
Health Website, https://doh.gov.ph/bulletin

“Situation Reports.” COVID-19 Situation Reports | WHO Philippines,

https://www.who.int/philippines/emergencies/covid-19-response-in-the-philippines/situation-reports

Peoples-Proposed-Budget.pdf/https://www.dbm.gov.ph/images/pdffiles/2020-Peoples-Proposed-
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nVcUUTHdl85Z1hn0rWZ8hABvfo12HiOFC4GXyisO0RM

2022-Peoples-Proposed-Budget.pdf/ https://www.dbm.gov.ph/images/pdffiles/2022-Peoples-
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fbclid=IwAR3_x6HC6GHYqLyVZnvEkVzKIojg02xOenMegn5AZfFngvzbiof3B3Zf
5sQ

Vaccines for COVID-19.

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/index.html

COVID-19 Health Information - Global Health Emergency. (www.cdc.gov

› coronavirus › 2019-ncov