Tramadol

A Drug Study Presented to

Lendell Kelly B. Ytac, RN
Faculty, INAHS BSN-Program
Davao Oriental State University

_____________________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment
of the requirements for
NCM 118
Care of Clients with Life Threatening Conditions, Acutely Ill / Multi-Organ Problems,
High Acuity and Emergency Situations

By

Clint S. Ancog
Student Nurse, BSN-4

October 12, 2022

 Name of Drug Dosage/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side Effects/ Nursing
Frequency/ Action Adverse Effects Responsibilities
Time/ Route
Generic Name: Mild to Binds to mu-opioid Tramadol is Hypersensitivity SIDE EFFECTS: Assess:
Tramadol moderate pain: receptors in CNS, used to relieve to tramadol, • Pain: location,
inhibiting moderate to opioids. Pediatric Frequent (25%– type, character;
Brand Name: •Adult: PO 25 ascending pain moderately patients under 12 15%): Dizziness, give before pain
 Conzip mg daily, titrate pathway. Inhibits severe pain. yrs. of age; post vertigo, nausea, becomes extreme.
 Qdolo by 25 mg ≥3 reuptake of Tramadol op management constipation, • I&O ratio:
 Rybix days to 100 norepinephrine, extended- in patients under headache, check for
 Ryzolt mg/day (25 mg serotonin, release tablets 18 yrs. old drowsiness. decreasing
 Ultram qid), then may inhibiting and capsules following output; may
increase by 50 descending pain are only used tonsillectomy Occasional (10%– indicate urinary
mg ≥3 days to pathways. by people and/or 5%): Vomiting, retention
Drug 200 mg (50 mg Therapeutic who are adenoidectomy; pruritus, CNS • Need for
Classification: qid), then 50-100 Effect: Reduces expected to severe respiratory stimulation (e.g., product;
 Tramadol mg q4-6hr, max pain. need depression; acute nervousness, dependency
belongs to the 400 mg/day, use medication to bronchial asthma anxiety, agitation, • Bowel pattern;
group of caution in Pharmacokinetics: relieve pain in absence of tremor, euphoria, for constipation;
medicines geriatric patients Rapidly and almost around-the- appropriate mood swings, increase fluids,
called opioid • Geriatric >75 completely clock. monitoring; GI hallucinations), bulk in diet
analgesics. It years: PO <300 absorbed, steady Tramadol is in obstruction. asthenia, • CNS changes:
acts in the mg/day in state 2 days, peak a class of diaphoresis, dizziness,
central nervous divided doses. 1.5 hr, duration 6 medications dyspepsia, dry drowsiness,
system (CNS) hr, half-life 7.9-8.8 called opiate mouth, diarrhea. hallucinations,
to relieve pain. Moderate to hr (PO), 8-10 hr (narcotic) euphoria, LOC,
severe chronic (ext rel), may cross analgesics. It Rare (less pupil reaction;
pain blood-brain barrier, works by than 5%): Malaise, avoid use with
Chemical make-up •Adult: PO-ER extensively changing the vasodilation, other CNS
and effect: (Ultram ER) 100 metabolized, 30% way the brain anorexia, flatulence, depressants
Tramadol is a mg daily, titrate excreted in urine as and nervous rash, blurred vision,
centrally acting μ upward q5days unchanged product, system urinary
opioid receptor in 100-mg protein binding respond to retention/frequency,
menopausal
agonist and SNRI increments, max 20% pain. symptoms.
(serotonin/norepi 300 mg/day;
ephrin reuptake (Ryzolt) 100 mg, Pharmacodynamic
inhibitor) that is titrate upward s: ADVERSE
structurally related q2-3days in 100- Tramadol is rapidly EFFECTS:
to codeine and mg increments, distributed in the
morphine. max 300 body; plasma Seizures reported in
Tramadol binds mg/day; products protein binding is pts receiving
weakly to κ- and are not about 20%. tramadol within
δ-opioid receptors interchangeable. Tramadol is mainly recommended
and to the μ-opioid metabolised by O- dosage range. May
receptor with Renal dose and N have prolonged
6000-fold less •Adult: PO CCr demethylation and duration of action,
affinity than <30 mL/min, by conjugation cumulative effect in
morphine. give regular dose reactions forming patients with
q12hr, max 200 glucuronides and hepatic/renal
mg/day; do not sulfates. Tramadol impairment,
use ext rel tab and its metabolites serotonin syndrome
Hepatic dose are mainly excreted (agitation,
•Adult: PO via the kidneys. hallucinations,
(Child-Pugh C) The mean tachycardia,
50 mg q12hr; do elimination half-life hyperreflexia). May
not use ext rel is about 6 hours. cause suicidal
tab. ideation and
behavior.

References:

Bethesda MD. (June 2020). Medline Plus. National Library of Medicine US. Retrieved from: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/
 a695011.html#:~:text=Tramadol%20is%20used%20to%20relieve,called%20opiate%20(narcotic)%20analgesics.

Kizior R. J., & Hodgson K. J. (2021). Saunders Nursing Drug Handbook 2021. Elsevier. 3251 Riverport Lane. St. Louis, Missouri
63043.